SpaceTime with Stuart Gary - Series 29 Episode 28In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the groundbreaking mapping of Uranus's upper atmosphere, the European Space Agency's innovative Planetary Defense Fly Eye Telescope, and NASA's critical findings on Boeing's Starliner spacecraft.Mapping Uranus's Upper AtmosphereA new study has successfully created a three-dimensional map of Uranus's upper atmosphere, revealing how the ice giant's unusual magnetic field influences its auroral activity. This detailed mapping, reported in Geophysical Research Letters, shows emissions from molecules located up to 5,000 kilometers above the cloud tops, confirming a cooling trend over the past 30 years. The research highlights the complex dynamics of Uranus's magnetosphere, which is tilted and offset, leading to unique auroral patterns unlike any other planet in our solar system.ESA's Fly Eye Telescope for Planetary DefenseThe European Space Agency is developing the Fly Eye Telescope, designed to detect Near Earth Objects (NEOs) that could pose a threat to Earth. Inspired by the compound eye of insects, this innovative telescope uses a unique design to scan vast areas of the sky efficiently, identifying potential impact risks. With plans for a network of these telescopes, ESA aims to enhance our capability to monitor and mitigate the dangers posed by asteroids and comets.Nasa's Scathing Robert on Boeing's StarlinerNASA has released a critical report detailing the failures of Boeing's CST-100 Starliner spacecraft, highlighting engineering vulnerabilities and internal mistakes that jeopardized crew safety. The investigation found Starliner less reliable for crew survival compared to other manned spacecraft, leading to a recommendation that no further crewed flights occur until all technical issues are resolved. The report underscores the need for stringent oversight in space missions to ensure astronaut safety.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesGeophysical Research LettersSupport our podcast: Become a supporter.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 27In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the potential explosion of a massive star, NASA's innovative mission to study Earth's auroras, and the latest setbacks for the Artemis 2 lunar mission.Supernova on the HorizonAstronomers are buzzing with excitement as WOHG 64, one of the largest stars known, shows signs of impending supernova activity. Located 163,000 light years away in the Large Magellanic Cloud, this red supergiant is shedding its outer layers and transitioning toward its explosive end. With a luminosity 282,000 times that of the sun and an estimated size 1,500 times greater, WOHG 64's dramatic evolution raises questions about the lifecycle of massive stars and the nature of supernovae.Nasa's CINEMA Mission to Study AurorasNASA is set to launch the CINEMA mission in 2030, aiming to unravel the mysteries of Earth's auroras and the role of the magnetotail in their formation. This innovative mission will consist of nine small satellites designed to gather data on the dynamics of auroral activity and the magnetosphere. By combining particle measurements and imaging, CINEMA will provide insights into auroral substorms and their connection to explosive magnetic events, enhancing our understanding of space weather and its impact on technology.Artemis 2 Mission DelayedNASA has rolled back the Artemis 2 moon rocket into the vehicle assembly building due to issues with the helium system, further delaying the mission aimed at returning humans to lunar orbit for the first time in over 50 years. This rollback follows earlier delays related to the liquid hydrogen fuel system and other minor technical issues. With the crewed mission now facing additional setbacks, NASA continues to work diligently to ensure a successful launch.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomy, PLOS ONESupport our podcast: Become a supporter.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 26In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into NASA's postponed return to the lunar surface, a remarkable hypersonic test flight by an Australian company, and the fascinating hidden chemistry at the heart of the Milky Way galaxy.Nasa's Lunar Return DelayedNASA has announced a significant delay in its plans to return humans to the lunar surface, pushing the Artemis 4 mission to 2028. The upcoming Artemis 3 mission will focus on testing systems in low Earth orbit instead of conducting a lunar landing. NASA officials emphasize the need for a methodical approach to ensure the safety and success of future missions, including critical tests of lunar landers from SpaceX and Blue Origin. This strategic shift aims to facilitate at least one major lunar landing annually starting in 2028.Successful Hypersonic Test FlightAn Australian scramjet has achieved a successful test flight, propelling the Dart hypersonic aircraft to speeds exceeding five times the speed of sound. This milestone underscores the potential of scramjet technology, which utilizes a unique engine design without moving parts to achieve hypersonic speeds. The successful mission, launched from Rocket Lab’s Wallops Island facility, marks a significant step toward developing autonomous hypersonic vehicles capable of sustained flight and could pave the way for future space travel advancements.Revealing the Milky Justin's ChemistryAstronomers have captured the largest and most detailed image of the central region of the Milky Way galaxy, unveiling a complex network of filaments and cosmic gas. This groundbreaking observation, made possible by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), provides unprecedented insights into the processes of star formation in the galactic center. The study reveals the intricate chemistry of the central molecular zone, detecting various molecules and enhancing our understanding of star formation in extreme environments.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScientific Reports, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietySupport our podcast: Become a supporter.

Sponsor Link:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by Squarespace. Create your own exceptional website with ease at squarespace.com/spacetime.SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 25In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the intriguing mysteries of Mars' gullies, uncover a unique inside-out planetary system, and witness the inaugural launch of Europe's most powerful rocket.Mysterious Martian Gullies ExplainedScientists have made significant strides in understanding the enigmatic gullies on Mars, previously thought to be shaped by unknown forces. A new study published in Geophysical Research Letters reveals that blocks of frozen carbon dioxide are the culprits behind these formations. When the Martian winter sets in, CO2 ice accumulates and, upon warming, sublimates, creating gas pressure that carves deep gullies in the Martian surface. This groundbreaking phenomenon, likened to the sandworms of Dune, showcases a unique geological process not observed on Earth.Inside-Out Planetary System DiscoveryAstronomers have identified a remarkable new planetary system, catalogued as LHS 1903, that defies conventional models of planetary formation. Unlike our solar system, which features rocky planets close to the star and gas giants further out, LHS 1903 has a small rocky planet orbiting outside of two gas giants. This discovery, detailed in Science, suggests that this rocky world may have formed in a gas-depleted environment, challenging existing theories about how planets evolve and raising questions about the nature of planetary systems.Europe's Powerful Rocket LaunchThe European Space Agency has successfully launched the Ariane 64, its most powerful rocket to date, from the Kourou Spaceport in French Guiana. This inaugural mission, VA267, carried 32 satellites into orbit for Amazon's LEO network, marking a significant milestone as the largest number of satellites ever launched by an Ariane rocket. With plans for an average of 10 launches per year, the Ariane 64 is set to play a crucial role in the future of satellite deployment.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesGeophysical Research Letters, ScienceSupport our podcast: Become a supporter.

Sponsor Link:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to with the kind support of Squarespace. Bring your stories to life with Squarespace, the easiest way to create an exceptional website, blog, portfolio, or online store. To check out our special offers, vist squarespace.com/spacetime and us the promo code SPACETIME.SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 24In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover astonishing discoveries about the birth of black holes, a revolutionary Martian navigation system, and the arrival of NASA's SpaceX Crew 12 at the International Space Station.The Birth of a Black Hole: A New PerspectiveAstronomers have made a groundbreaking discovery by observing a star in the Andromeda Galaxy collapsing into a black hole without the expected supernova explosion. The star, catalogued as M31 2014 DS1, was seen glowing brightly in infrared light before fading away, leaving behind a dust shell. This event, which had been anticipated for decades, suggests that massive stars may collapse directly into black holes, challenging long-held assumptions about stellar deaths. The findings, published in the journal Science, provide new insights into the processes that govern black hole formation and indicate that such direct collapses may be more common than previously thought.NASA's New Martian Navigation SystemNASA has introduced an innovative navigation system for its Perseverance rover, allowing it to determine its location on Mars with remarkable precision—within 25 centimeters. The new technology, called Mars Global Localization, enables the rover to autonomously compare panoramic images with orbital terrain maps, eliminating the need for Earth-based assistance. This advancement significantly enhances the rover's ability to explore the Martian surface independently, paving the way for more extensive scientific investigations.SpaceX Crew 12 Arrives at the ISSNASA's SpaceX Crew 12 has successfully docked with the International Space Station, restoring the crew complement to seven members. The mission includes a diverse crew of two Americans, a Russian, and a French astronaut, who will conduct approximately 250 scientific experiments in orbit. Additionally, NASA has approved a sixth private mission to the ISS, slated for next year, which aims to support new research initiatives and infrastructure development for future human spaceflight missions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal Science, NASA ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Sponsor Link:This episode of Spacetime is brought to you with the support of Squarespace...when it's time to get online, it's time to visit Squarespace. Free trial. To find out more visit squarespace.com/spacetime SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 23In this episode of SpaceTime, we investigate the discovery of a nearly invisible galaxy dominated by dark matter, the latest delays in the Artemis 2 mission to the Moon, and the anticipated launch of Australia's new hypersonic scramjet.A Dark Matter Galaxy UnveiledAstronomers have identified an almost invisible galaxy, catalogued as CDG2, located in the Perseus galaxy cluster approximately 300 million light years away. This galaxy is believed to be composed of about 99% dark matter, making it one of the most dark matter-dominated galaxies ever detected. The findings, published in Astrophysical Research Letters, reveal that dark matter constitutes roughly 80% of the universe's total matter, and CDG2's faint presence was confirmed through observations of its globular clusters using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and the European Space Agency's Euclid Space Observatory.Artemis 2 Mission Delayed AgainNASA has announced another delay for the Artemis 2 mission, which aims to return humans to lunar orbit for the first time in over 50 years. A helium leak discovered in the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket's upper stage has prompted the agency to roll back the launch vehicle to the vehicle assembly building for repairs. This setback eliminates the potential for a March launch, with the next available windows opening in early April. The Artemis 2 mission will carry a crew of four on a 10-day journey to the Moon, including critical system tests and satellite deployments.Australia's Hypersonic Scramjet Launch ImminentAn Australian company is set to test its new hypersonic scramjet-powered aircraft, the Dart AE, before the end of the month. This innovative vehicle will utilize a 3D printed Spartan Scramjet engine, designed to operate at speeds exceeding Mach 5 with liquid hydrogen fuel. The mission, codenamed Cassowary Vex, will launch aboard a Rocket Lab electron rocket and aims to validate the scramjet propulsion system under real hypersonic flight conditions while producing zero carbon emissions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Research LettersBecome a supporter of this podcast:  https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 22In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the formation of the universe's most enigmatic objects, explore the origins of Saturn's iconic rings, and get updates on NASA's Artemis 2 mission.Black Holes and Exotic Cosmic StructuresA groundbreaking study suggests that some of the universe's most exotic entities, including black holes and cannibal stars, may have formed just seconds after the Big Bang. Researchers from the International School of Advanced Studies propose that subatomic particles condensed into halos of matter, which then collapsed to create these fascinating cosmic structures. Their findings, published in Physical Review D, indicate that even in the earliest moments of the universe, complex physical phenomena were already taking shape, paving the way for our understanding of cosmic evolution.The Formation of Saturn's RingsNew research proposes that Saturn's largest moon, Titan, may have formed from the collision of two older moons, potentially linking this event to the creation of Saturn's spectacular ring system. The study, reported in the Planetary Science Journal, utilizes computer simulations to explore the dynamics of Saturn's moons and their interactions, suggesting that Titan's merger could explain its unique orbit and the age of the rings, estimated to be around 100 million years.NASA's Artemis 2 Mission UpdateFollowing the recent scrubbing of the Artemis 2 launch due to hydrogen leaks, NASA has made significant repairs and is preparing for another attempt. Engineers have replaced seals in the mobile launcher's umbilical area and are conducting further testing to ensure the rocket's readiness. With multiple launch windows available in March, the Artemis 2 mission aims to test key systems aboard the Orion spacecraft, setting the stage for future lunar exploration and the eventual return of humans to the Moon.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review D, Planetary Science JournalBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 21In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore intriguing revelations about the search for life on Mars, the surprising effects of Saturn's moon Enceladus on its planet, and the monumental volcanic events that reshaped Earth's tectonic landscape.Life on Mars: A New PerspectiveRecent findings suggest that non-biological processes cannot fully explain the organic compounds found in Martian regolith samples collected by NASA's Curiosity rover. Published in the journal Astrobiology, the study indicates that life may have contributed to some of these compounds, challenging previous assumptions. The research involved evaluating potential non-biological sources and concluded that the abundance of organics on Mars could hint at past life, sparking renewed interest in the Red Planet's potential habitability.Enceladus' Electromagnetic InfluenceA fascinating study reveals that Saturn's icy moon Enceladus trails a wake of electromagnetic ripples extending over half a million kilometers, significantly influencing its giant host planet. Data from NASA's Cassini mission demonstrated how Enceladus' geysers contribute to energy and momentum circulation within Saturn's magnetic environment, marking a crucial discovery about the moon's role in the Saturnian system.Earth's Volcanic HistoryNew research highlights how Earth's largest volcanic event, associated with the Ontong Java Plateau, dramatically altered a major tectonic plate. The findings suggest that extensive volcanic activity led to significant physiochemical modifications within the oceanic plate, enhancing our understanding of plate formation processes and the environmental impacts of such massive eruptions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrobiology, Geophysical Research Space Physics, Geophysical Research LettersBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking research revealing the true composition of the Earth's core, explore new insights into solar neutrinos, and uncover the complexities of Martian volcanoes.Earth's Core Contains Vast Hydrogen ReservoirA recent study published in Nature Communications indicates that Earth's core may hold up to 45 oceans' worth of hydrogen, challenging the long-held belief that water on our planet primarily came from asteroids and comets. Utilizing advanced laboratory techniques, researchers simulated the extreme conditions of the core to uncover its surprising hydrogen content, suggesting a significant internal source of water far beyond previous estimates.Neutrinos from the Sun's CoreA new dark matter experiment has successfully detected neutrinos originating from the Sun's core, marking a significant milestone in our understanding of these elusive particles. The LZ experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility captured signals from Brian 8 solar neutrinos, providing valuable data on solar processes and setting new limits for dark matter research. This breakthrough highlights the potential of neutrino studies in unraveling the mysteries of both dark matter and stellar dynamics.Complexity of Martian VolcanoesNew findings published in Geology reveal that young Martian volcanoes are far more complex than previously thought. Researchers have discovered that these volcanoes were shaped by long-lasting and evolving magma systems rather than single eruptions. By analyzing surface features and mineral compositions from orbit, scientists have reconstructed the intricate eruptive history of these volcanic systems, shedding light on the Red Planet's geological past.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Communications, GeologyBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.(00:00:00) New study reveals Earth's core may contain vast amounts of hydrogen(00:08:30) Breakthrough in solar neutrino detection from the Sun's core(00:16:45) Insights into the complex eruptive history of Martian volcanoes(00:25:00) Science report: The link between caffeine consumption and reduced dementia risk(00:32:15) Study on the frequency of passionate love experiences in humans

Sponsor Link:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to with the help of Squarespace. When it's time to get online, you need Suarespace to make you look professional. To get the Spacetime special offer simply visit www.squarespace.com/spacetime or use the code SPACETIME at checkout.SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 19In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore astonishing discoveries in astrophysics, planetary science, and aerospace engineering.Astronomers Observe Possible Black Hole ExplosionAstronomers are investigating what could be the first ever observation of a black hole explosion. A recent study published in Physical Review Letters suggests that the mysterious high-energy neutrino detected in 2023 may have originated from a quasi-extremal primordial black hole. This type of black hole, theorized to exist since the Big Bang, could explain the otherwise unexplainable energy levels of the neutrino and potentially unlock the secrets of dark matter and the fundamental nature of the universe.Mars' Dust Storms and Water LossNew research published in Communications Earth and Environment reveals that localized dust storms on Mars may play a significant role in the planet's water loss. While Mars is currently a dry desert, evidence from its surface indicates a wetter past. The study shows that intense dust storms can transport water vapor to higher altitudes, facilitating its escape into space, thus contributing to the long-standing mystery of Martian water depletion.Plasma Daniel for Hypersonic TestingA groundbreaking facility known as the plasma tunnel is now being used by scientists and engineers to simulate the extreme conditions spacecraft face during atmospheric reentry. The plasma tunnel generates high-speed plasma flows that mimic the intense heat and pressure experienced during reentry, providing critical data for developing safer and more efficient spacecraft. This innovative technology could revolutionize our understanding of hypersonic flight and enhance mission safety for future space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Letters, Communications Earth and EnvironmentBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Astronomers investigate a potential black hole explosion(00:07:15) New study reveals how dust storms on Mars contribute to water loss(00:15:30) The plasma tunnel: recreating atmospheric reentry conditions(00:22:45) Science report: Genetic factors influencing life expectancy(00:30:00) Bigfoot sightings and cultural phenomena in America

Sponsor Links:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Squarespace....your first stop when you want to build a presence online. To check out our special offers, simply visit www.squarespace.com/spacetime for detailsSpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 18In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking theories about the nature of dark matter, the thermal differences between the lunar far and near sides, and new revelations regarding Jupiter's dimensions.Dark Matter's Role in the Milky WayA new study suggests that dark matter could be the driving force behind the gravitational dynamics of our Milky Way galaxy. Researchers propose that a clump of fermionic dark matter might exert similar gravitational influence as the supermassive black hole at the galaxy's center, Sagittarius A. This theory challenges conventional understanding and is supported by data from the European Space Agency's Gaia mission, which mapped the galaxy's outer halo and rotational curve, indicating a potential new model for understanding galactic structures.Lunar Far Side's Cooler InteriorRecent findings published in Nature Geoscience indicate that the lunar far side may be significantly cooler than the near side. Analyzing samples collected by China's Chang'e 6 mission, scientists discovered that the far side's regolith formed from lava at temperatures approximately 100 degrees Celsius lower than those from the near side. This study provides insight into the Moon's geological history and the uneven distribution of heat-producing elements, which may have resulted from ancient impacts or tidal forces from Earth.Jupiter's Slimmer ProfileNew measurements from NASA's Juno mission reveal that Jupiter is actually slimmer than previously thought, being about 8 kilometers narrower at the equator and 24 kilometers flatter at the poles. These findings refine our understanding of the gas giant's shape and have implications for models of planetary formation and evolution. The data also sheds light on Jupiter's atmospheric dynamics, including its powerful winds and cyclones, enhancing our knowledge of gas giants both within our solar system and beyond.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Nature Geoscience, Nature AstronomyBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.(00:00:00) New study claims that mysterious substance called dark matter could be powering our Milky Way(00:08:01) New study suggests lunar far side may be a little bit colder than near side(00:12:52) Space Time is brought to you by Squarespace. com spacetime(00:14:23) New measurements based on NASA's Juno mission reveal Jupiter is much smaller than previously thought(00:18:16) People with depressive personalities far more likely to have sexual fantasies, study finds(00:20:34) New test shows artificial intelligence chatbot admitting it would kill to save itself(00:27:09) Already we have security companies treating AI chatbots like humans

Sponsor Links:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Squarespace....your first stop when you want to build a presence online. To check out our special offers, simply visit www.squarespace.com/spacetime for all the detailsSpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 17In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the recent powerful solar storm that has impacted Earth, the delay of NASA's Artemis 2 manned moon mission, and China's ambitious plans for a futuristic orbital space carrier.Massive Solar Storm Hits EarthThe sun has unleashed a barrage of solar eruptions, including 41 N-class flares and six X-class flares, with an X8.1 class flare setting a new record for 2026. This storm is described as the strongest radiation event in 20 years, with scientists noting its potential similarity to the historic 1859 Carrington event. The solar activity has disrupted radio communications and produced stunning auroras, while the sun continues its 11-year solar cycle.Nasa's Artemis 2 Mission DelayedNASA has postponed the launch of its Artemis 2 manned moon mission due to fuel leaks during a critical launch rehearsal. The mission aims to send a crew of four aboard an Orion spacecraft on a 10-day journey around the moon. The delays stem from issues with the SLS rocket's hydrogen tanks and other technical challenges, with new launch windows opening in March.China's Orbital Space Carrier PlansChina has announced plans for a Star Wars-style orbital space carrier named Luanio, designed to deploy hypersonic missiles and unmanned stealth drones. This massive spacecraft would be part of an ambitious defense system, although the technology to build such a vehicle is still in the realm of science fiction. The announcement comes amid tensions between the U.S. and China regarding military advancements.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 16In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking revelations about Europa's ice shell, explore new evidence for the existence of a potential Planet Nine, and discuss a significant advancement in quantum physics that challenges the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.Europa's Ice Shell Thickness RevealedData from NASA's Juno mission has provided the first insights into the thickness of Europa's icy crust, estimating it to be around 29 kilometers. This measurement comes from Juno's 2022 flyby, where the spacecraft utilized its microwave radiometer to analyze the moon's surface temperature and characteristics. The findings suggest that beneath this thick ice lies a global ocean of liquid water, potentially harboring the ingredients necessary for life. Understanding the ice shell's structure is crucial for future missions, including NASA's Europa Clipper, set to arrive in 2030.The Case for Planet NineA new study published in Nature Astronomy presents fresh simulations suggesting that wide-orbit planets, like the hypothesized Planet Nine, could be a natural outcome of chaotic early planetary systems. Researchers found that during turbulent phases of stellar formation, planets can be flung into distant orbits rather than being ejected entirely. This work offers a 40% chance that a Planet Nine-like object exists, providing a promising avenue for future exploration as telescopes become more capable of surveying the distant solar system.Advancements in Quantum PhysicsIn a remarkable breakthrough, physicists have demonstrated a method to sidestep the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, allowing for simultaneous precise measurements of a particle's position and momentum. This innovative approach, detailed in Science Advances, could pave the way for ultra-precise sensor technologies across various fields, including navigation and astronomy. The study redefines the boundaries of quantum measurement, offering new possibilities for scientific exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature AstronomyScience AdvancesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 15In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover intriguing discoveries about Mercury's geological activity, NASA's innovative Dragonfly mission to Titan, and the environmental impacts of rocket fuel pollution.Mercury's Surprising StreaksA new study reveals bright streaks, or lineae, on Mercury's surface, suggesting the planet is not as geologically inactive as previously thought. Researchers from the University of Bern utilized machine learning to analyze over 100,000 images from NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft, discovering that these streaks are likely caused by the outgassing of volatile materials from beneath Mercury's crust. This finding indicates ongoing geological processes and will be further explored by the BepiColombo mission, set to reach Mercury later this year.NASA's Dragonfly Mission to TitanNASA is developing the Dragonfly, a car-sized rotocopter designed to explore Saturn's moon Titan, which features methane and ethane lakes. Scheduled for launch in 2028, Dragonfly will utilize Titan's dense atmosphere to fly to various locations, examining environments that may harbor organic materials essential for life. The mission builds on the success of the Ingenuity rotocopter on Mars, with extensive testing underway to ensure optimal performance in Titan's unique conditions.Rocket Fuel Pollution and the Ozone LayerA recent study highlights the damaging effects of burning rocket fuels, such as kerosene, on Earth's ozone layer. The report indicates that the rapid growth of the rocket launch industry is exacerbating this issue, particularly affecting regions like Antarctica and parts of Australia. Researchers are calling for restrictions on the use of these fuels to mitigate environmental harm.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Communications, Earth and EnvironmentClimate and Atmospheric ScienceBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Streaks on the surface of Mercury suggesting it's not quite dead yet(00:11:13) Burning rocket fuel damages Earth's ozone layer, study finds(00:12:28) A new study claims cyber attacks can spark intense social media discussions(00:14:53) Apple bans anti woke Holly Valent song from iTunes in Australia(00:16:39) Apple has now had hypertension notifications authorized by the TGN(00:18:04) Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through bitesz. com

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore new insights into the origins of Earth's water, groundbreaking discoveries beneath the surface of Jupiter's volcanic moon Io, and how tectonic plate movements may have influenced Earth's climate throughout history.New Clues on Earth's Water OriginsA recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that asteroid and comet impacts could only account for a small fraction of Earth's water supply. By analyzing oxygen isotopes in lunar regolith collected during the Apollo missions, researchers found that the early Earth likely retained little to no water during its formative years. This challenges long-held beliefs and suggests that the majority of Earth's water must have originated from other sources, rather than being delivered by celestial bodies.Unprecedented Volcanic Activity on IoNASA's Juno spacecraft has captured remarkable data on Io, the most volcanically active body in our solar system. Observations from a December flyby revealed the most energetic eruption ever detected on Io, affecting a vast area of 65,000 square kilometers. The findings indicate that interconnected magma reservoirs beneath Io's surface are responsible for this extraordinary volcanic activity, providing new insights into the moon's geological dynamics and evolution.Tectonic Plates and Earth's ClimateA new study suggests that carbon released from shifting tectonic plates may have played a significant role in Earth's climatic transitions, rather than volcanic activity as previously thought. Researchers reconstructed carbon movements over the last 540 million years, providing evidence that carbon emissions from mid-ocean ridges were the primary drivers of climate shifts between ice ages and warmer periods. This research reshapes our understanding of past climate dynamics and offers valuable insights for future climate models.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesProceedings of the National Academy of SciencesJournal of Geophysical Research PlanetsCommunications Earth and EnvironmentBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

Sponsor Link:This episode is brought to you with thanks to Squarespace. Bring your stories to life with Squarespace, the easiest way to create an exceptional website, blog, portfolio, or online store. To take up our great offer and help support the show, just visit www.squarespace.com/spacetime or use the Promo Code SPACETIME at checkout.SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 13In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the hidden violent past of the Milky Way's supermassive black hole, delve into the origins of water on Jupiter's Galilean moons, and explore how meteor impacts are triggering dust avalanches on Mars.The Violent History of Sagittarius AFor years, Sagittarius A, the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy, has been perceived as a quiet entity. However, new research published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters indicates that it may have experienced dramatic flares in the past. Observations from the CRISM Space Telescope reveal X-ray emissions from a gas cloud near Sagittarius A, suggesting a history of explosive activity that alters our understanding of supermassive black hole evolution and the history of our galaxy.Water Origins of Jupiter's Galilean MoonsA groundbreaking study has determined that the contrasting water content of Jupiter's four large Galilean moons was established during their formation rather than evolving later. This research sheds light on the stark differences between Io, which is dry and volcanically active, and Europa, believed to have a subsurface ocean. The findings suggest that the primordial environment around Jupiter played a crucial role in shaping these moons' compositions.Meteor Impacts Trigger Dust Avalanches on MarsNew evidence indicates that meteor impacts on Mars are causing dust avalanches, creating dark streaks on the planet's surface. An analysis of images from the European Space Agency's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter reveals that these avalanches occur primarily due to dry processes, driven by seasonal dust and wind activity, rather than water-related phenomena. This discovery enhances our understanding of Martian surface dynamics and the impact of meteor activity.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal LettersNature CommunicationsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Sagittarius A's hidden violent past revealed(00:12:45) Origins of water on Jupiter's Galilean moons(00:25:30) Meteor impacts causing dust avalanches on Mars(00:35:00) February night sky highlights and celestial events.(00:00:00) This is space time series 29, episode 13 for broadcast on 30 January 2026(00:00:47) X ray emissions from the Crism Space Telescope suggest Sagittarius A flared(00:07:59) A new study claims dust avalanches caused by meteor impacts are creating Martian streaks(00:10:22) February is the second month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars(00:12:03) February's Orion meteor showers usually peak around February 8th(00:22:18) Blue supergiant Rigel is the second brightest star in the constellation Orion(00:31:08) Rygel: Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky(00:35:09) February is a great time to look for bright stars in the night sky(00:38:04) The night sky is sparse with the old planets at the moment

Sponsor Link:This episode is brought to you with thanks to Squarespace. Bring your stories to life with Squarespace, the easiest way to create an exceptional website, blog, portfolio, or online store. To take up our great offer and help support the show, just visit www.squarespace.com/spacetime or use the Promo Code SPACETIME at checkout.SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 12In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries about Earth's mantle, the watery past of Mars, and the rapid growth of galaxies through cool gas filaments.Distinct Histories of Earth’s Mantle ProvincesRecent research reveals that the two massive continent-sized regions deep within the Earth's mantle have unique chemical compositions and histories. This study challenges long-held assumptions and uses seismic wave data to illustrate how these large low velocity provinces differ in density and material, impacting the planet's heat extraction from the core and potentially affecting the stability of Earth's magnetic field.Confirmation of Mars as a Blue PlanetNew evidence from ancient Martian river deltas suggests that Mars was once covered by a vast ocean. High-resolution images reveal delta-like structures, indicating that water once flowed into an ocean approximately 3 billion years ago. This discovery supports the notion of a once habitable environment on Mars, offering insights into its geological history and the potential for life.Galaxies Growing Through Cool Gas FilamentsA fascinating new study has demonstrated how galaxies can rapidly grow by drawing in filaments of cool gas. Observations from the Keck Telescope's Cosmic Webb Imager provide direct evidence of these gas streams spiraling into galaxies, fueling star formation at unprecedented rates. This research offers significant insights into the processes of galaxy formation and the role of the cosmic web in shaping the universe.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScientific ReportsMPJ Space ExplorationNature AstronomyBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Distinct histories of Earth's mantle provinces(00:12:15) Mars confirmed as a blue planet with ancient ocean(00:25:30) Galaxies grow rapidly through cool gas filaments(00:35:00) Discovery of the oldest known rock art in the world.

Sponsor Link:This episode is brought to you with thanks to Squarespace. Bring your stories to life with Squarespace, the easiest way to create an exceptional website, blog, portfolio, or online store. To take up our great offer and help support the show, just visit www.squarespace.com/spacetime or use the Promo Code SPACETIME at checkout.SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 11In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the latest astronomical events, including a record-setting solar storm impacting Earth, the historic Artemis 2 mission preparing to return astronauts to the Moon, and groundbreaking evidence confirming an ancient asteroid impact in the North Sea.Record-Breaking Solar Storm Strikes EarthPlanet Earth has recently experienced a massive geomagnetic storm triggered by an X1.9 class solar flare, followed by a coronal mass ejection. This event produced stunning auroras, visible as far north as Sydney and Brisbane. We discuss how such solar storms can affect technology on Earth and in space, including potential disruptions to communications and navigation systems, as well as the impact on satellites in low Earth orbit.Artemis 2: A Historic Return to the MoonNASA's Artemis 2 mission is gearing up to send astronauts back to the Moon for the first time in over 50 years. The crew will embark on a 10-day journey, orbiting the Moon and traveling further than any humans have before. We explore the mission's objectives, including testing spacecraft systems, practicing docking procedures, and conducting deep space science experiments, all while preparing for future lunar landings.Proof of an Ancient Asteroid ImpactA decades-long debate over the origins of the Silverpit Crater in the North Sea has been resolved with new evidence confirming it was formed by an asteroid impact 43 to 46 million years ago. Utilizing seismic imaging and microscopic analysis, researchers have established this crater as a significant impact site, shedding light on the history of asteroid collisions on Earth and their implications for our planet's geological evolution.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature CommunicationsNASA ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Record solar storm strikes Earth(00:12:30) Artemis 2 mission prepares to send astronauts back to the Moon(00:25:00) Evidence confirms asteroid impact in the North Sea(00:35:15) New insights into Earth's climate from ancient geological events.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 10In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking developments in space exploration, including the imminent launch of the first nuclear-powered rocket, the merging of low mass dwarf galaxies, and the intriguing connection between Earth-like planets and gas giants.The Dawn of Nuclear Rocket TechnologyHistory is set to be made as NASA and DARPA prepare to test the world’s first fully operational nuclear-powered orbital rocket. This innovative vehicle utilizes a nuclear thermal propulsion system that heats liquid hydrogen propellant through nuclear fusion, achieving nearly double the efficiency of conventional rockets. The test aims to validate reactor operation in orbit, potentially revolutionizing space travel by reducing transit times to Mars and allowing for larger payloads.Merging Dwarf Galaxies: A New DiscoveryA recent study published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters confirms that low mass dwarf galaxies can merge with one another. Observations of the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy reveal previously hidden stellar structures, suggesting that even the smallest galaxies experience mergers. These findings challenge traditional views on galaxy formation and evolution, indicating that interactions between dwarf galaxies may be more common than previously believed.The Connection Between Earth-Like and Gas Giant PlanetsAstronomers have found that rocky planets similar to Earth are more likely to exist in star systems that also contain large gas giants like Jupiter. This research, reported in Astronomy and Astrophysics, shows that cold Jupiters, which orbit beyond the snow line, play a significant role in the formation of super Earths in the inner regions of their planetary systems. The study offers new insights into the complex dynamics of planetary formation and the conditions that lead to the development of terrestrial planets.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal LettersAstronomy and AstrophysicsScience AdvancesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) NASA and DARPA prepare to test the first nuclear-powered orbital rocket(00:10:15) New study confirms mergers among low mass dwarf galaxies(00:20:45) Link discovered between Earth-like planets and gas giants(00:30:00) China breaks through barriers in nuclear fusion reactor development(00:35:20) The impact of ultra-processed foods on global health.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 9In this episode of SpaceTime, we unravel the enigma of the universe's mysterious little red dots, delve into groundbreaking insights from Jupiter regarding the evolution of our solar system's planets, and mark the commencement of construction on Earth's largest gamma-ray observatory.The Mystery of the Little Red DotsA fascinating new study reveals that the enigmatic little red dots observed in early images from the NASA Webb Space Telescope are, in fact, young black holes cloaked in ionized gas. Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute's Cosmic Dawn Center have determined that these black holes, much smaller than previously thought, are in the process of consuming gas, which creates immense heat and radiation, giving them their distinctive red appearance. This discovery sheds light on the formation of some of the universe's earliest black holes just 700 million years after the Big Bang.Jupiter's Role in Planetary EvolutionNew simulations indicate that Jupiter may contain up to 50% more oxygen than the Sun, providing fresh insights into how the planets in our solar system formed. By developing a comprehensive model of Jupiter's atmosphere, researchers have resolved a long-standing debate regarding the gas giant's chemical composition. The findings suggest that Jupiter's atmosphere circulates much more slowly than previously believed, which could alter our understanding of planetary migration and formation processes.Construction of Earth's Largest Gamma-Ray ObservatoryEngineers have officially begun construction on the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, set to be the largest gamma-ray telescope ever built. Located in Chile's Atacama Desert, this observatory will significantly enhance our ability to study high-energy cosmic phenomena, such as black holes and supernovae. With over 60 telescopes across two sites, the observatory will allow astronomers to observe gamma rays with unprecedented accuracy, potentially unlocking new discoveries about dark matter and the fundamental laws of physics.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature JournalPlanetary Science JournalAdvances in Atmospheric SciencesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) New study reveals little red dots in Webb images are young black holes(00:07:30) Jupiter may have 50% more oxygen than the Sun, reshaping planetary formation theories(00:15:45) Construction begins on the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory(00:22:00) New data confirms 2025 saw record ocean heat storage(00:25:30) Advances in autonomous driving technology showcased at CES 2026.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 8In this episode of SpaceTime, we investigate the surprising ways Mars influences Earth's climate, hear about the safe return of Crew 11 following the first emergency medical evacuation from the International Space Station, and explore a cosmic clock that reveals insights into Australia's geological history.Mars: A Climate InfluencerA new study has unveiled that the orbit of Mars can significantly impact Earth's climate, even triggering ice ages. Researchers from the University of California Riverside utilized computer simulations to demonstrate how Mars’ gravitational pull alters Earth's orbit and affects long-term climatic cycles. The findings challenge previous assumptions about Mars' minimal influence and highlight the planet's role in shaping Earth's climatic patterns over millions of years.Crew 11's Safe ReturnNASA's SpaceX Crew 11 has successfully splashed down in the North Pacific Ocean after a historic emergency medical evacuation from the ISS. The crew's return, which occurred a month earlier than planned due to medical concerns, was marked by a brilliant display in the night sky as they descended. This marks a significant event in the history of human spaceflight, emphasizing the importance of health monitoring aboard the space station.Unveiling Australia's Geological HistoryScientists have discovered that the rare gas krypton can be used to unlock the secrets of Earth's ancient landscapes. By examining tiny zircon crystals found in ancient beach sands, researchers can gauge how long these minerals have been exposed at the surface, providing insights into erosion rates and potential mineral deposits. This groundbreaking research not only sheds light on the past but also has implications for future resource exploration in Australia.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of the Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesAstronomical Society of the PacificNASA ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) New study shows how the orbit of Mars can affect climate here on Earth(00:05:52) NASA's SpaceX crew 11 safely returned to Earth after medical evacuation(00:08:17) SpaceX and NASA astronauts splashdown after 167 days in space(00:09:00) The crew were returning a month early due to medical concerns(00:10:46) Scientists use rare gas called krypton to study ancient Earth landscapes(00:23:05) New data from NASA shows 2025 was the second hottest year since records began(00:24:38) Some AI chatbots are reporting abuse and fear following interactions with humans

Sponsor Link:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Squarespace. When it's time to get a presence online, go with the folks who support us...and build the best websites easily. No hassles. You can check out their special offer for SpaceTime listeners by visiting our special URL....Click HereSpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 7In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the intriguing possibilities surrounding the origins of life, including new findings from Saturn's moon Titan and the implications for our understanding of life beyond Earth. We also explore the latest research on Europa, one of Jupiter's moons, and uncover the sources of the sun's mysterious gamma rays.Life's Building Blocks on TitanA groundbreaking study reveals that Titan, Saturn's largest moon, exhibits unexpected chemical interactions at extremely low temperatures. Researchers found that hydrogen cyanide can mix with nonpolar substances like methane and ethane, challenging traditional chemistry principles. This discovery could provide insights into the prebiotic chemistry that may have preceded life on Earth, as Titan's environment mirrors that of early Earth.Europa's Quiet OceansIn a surprising turn, new calculations suggest that the vast subsurface ocean beneath Europa's icy crust may be lifeless. This research indicates that Europa lacks the geological activity, such as hydrothermal vents, necessary to sustain life. Lead author Paul Brian discusses how the moon's stable orbit around Jupiter limits the tidal forces that could drive geological processes, casting doubt on the moon's potential as a habitat for life.The Source of Solar Gamma RaysAstronomers have identified the origin of intense gamma radiation emitted during solar flares, linking it to high-energy electrons colliding with plasma in the solar corona. This finding, derived from observations of a significant solar flare in 2017, enhances our understanding of solar flare physics and could improve space weather forecasting.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of the Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesNature CommunicationsNature AstronomyBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Scientists studying Saturn's moon Titan have discovered that normally incompatible substances can mix(00:05:19) NASA will launch the Dragonfly mission to Titan in 2028(00:13:36) NASA's Europa Clipper spacecraft will study icy moon Europa(00:18:11) Astronomers have discovered that gamma rays generated by solar flares are caused by electrons(00:21:58) Most people who take diabetes drug Mounjaro gain weight back after stopping

Sponsor Links:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Squarespace. When it's time to get a presence online, go with the folks who support us...and build the best websites easily. No hassles. You can check out their special offer for SpaceTime listeners by visiting our special URL....Click HereSpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 6In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries in astrophysics, including the confirmation of Betelgeuse's elusive companion star, a spectacular black hole event, and the BepiColombo spacecraft's approach to Mercury.Betelgeuse's Companion Star ConfirmedAstronomers have finally confirmed that the red supergiant star Betelgeuse has a companion star, named Saguara. Utilizing data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based observatories, researchers traced the influence of Saguara as it interacts with Betelgeuse's outer atmosphere. This discovery sheds light on the star's peculiar brightness variations and its eventual fate as it nears a supernova explosion, which could occur at any time in astronomical terms.A Black Hole's Powerful FeastIn a remarkable observation, astronomers witnessed a black hole shredding a massive star in what is described as the most powerful event of its kind ever recorded. Known as a gravitational tidal disruption event, this phenomenon released energy equivalent to 400 billion times that of our Sun, surpassing even the most energetic supernovae. The event, cataloged as AT 2024WPP, offers new insights into black hole behavior and the dynamics of stellar destruction.BepiColombo's Journey to MercuryThe BepiColombo spacecraft is nearing its orbit insertion around Mercury after a seven-year journey. Launched in 2018, this multi-spacecraft mission will study Mercury's surface, magnetic field, and interaction with solar activity. The mission consists of two orbiters that will work in tandem to gather comprehensive data about this enigmatic planet, promising to enhance our understanding of planetary formation and evolution.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyEuropean Space Agency ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

Sponsor Link:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Squarespace. When it's time to get a presence online, go with the folks who support us...and build the best websites easily. No hassles. You can check out their special offer for SpaceTime listeners by visiting our special URL....Click HereIn this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover new evidence suggesting that dark matter may interact with neutrinos, a revelation that could reshape our understanding of the universe. We also discuss a serious medical issue that has forced one of the crews aboard the International Space Station to return home early, and learn about the remarkable discovery that galaxies spin like clockwork.Dark Matter and Neutrinos: A Possible InteractionScientists are challenging the long-standing standard model of particle physics with new findings indicating that dark matter and neutrinos may interact. This groundbreaking research, reported in Nature Astronomy, provides a rare glimpse into the universe's hidden components. By analyzing data from both the early and late universe, researchers suggest that these elusive cosmic entities could influence the formation of galaxies and other structures, potentially addressing discrepancies observed in cosmological measurements.Medical Emergency Forces ISS Crew to Return EarlyNASA's SpaceX Crew 11 is returning to Earth ahead of schedule due to a medical concern involving one of the astronauts. While the situation is stable and not classified as an emergency, the decision was made to ensure the crew member receives comprehensive medical evaluation on the ground. This marks a historic moment, as it is the first time in 26 years of ISS operations that a medical issue has necessitated an early return.Galaxies Spin Like ClockworkRecent studies have confirmed that galaxies rotate approximately once every billion years, regardless of their size. This research, published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, reveals a consistent rotational pattern across different types of galaxies, enhancing our understanding of their mechanics and structure. The findings indicate that older stars exist even at the edges of galaxies, providing valuable insights into galactic formation and evolution.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature AstronomyMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyBritish Medical JournalBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 4In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest revelations about supermassive black holes, the enigmatic interstellar comet 3I Atlas, and NASA's innovative tests on lunar surface interactions.Do All Galaxies Host Supermassive Black Holes?A groundbreaking study utilizing NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory challenges the long-held belief that all galaxies harbor supermassive black holes at their centers. Analyzing data from over 1,600 galaxies, researchers discovered that only about 30% of dwarf galaxies contain these cosmic giants. The findings, published in the Astrophysical Journal, provide crucial insights into the formation of supermassive black holes and suggest that smaller galaxies may have significantly fewer black holes than their massive counterparts.No Evidence of Alien Intelligence from Comet 3I AtlasDespite sensational claims, a thorough investigation into the interstellar comet 3I Atlas has yielded no signs of extraterrestrial technology. Observations from the Green Bank Radio Telescope during the comet's closest approach revealed only radio frequency interference, dismissing earlier speculations of alien signals. The analysis reinforces the understanding that the comet's behavior aligns with natural phenomena, rather than advanced civilizations.NASA's Rocket Plume Studies on Lunar RegolithNASA is conducting new experiments to understand how rocket plumes interact with the lunar surface, crucial for future lunar landings. Using a sophisticated camera system, scientists are simulating rocket engine behavior in a vacuum chamber to analyze the impact of exhaust on lunar dust and rocks. The data collected will inform the design of landing systems for the Artemis missions and future Mars explorations, ensuring crew safety and mission success.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical JournalNASA ReportsJournal of Molecular and Cellular BiochemistryBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 29, Episode 4 for broadcast on 9 January 2026(00:00:47) Study reveals fewer supermassive black holes in smaller galaxies(00:12:30) No signs of alien technology from comet 3I Atlas(00:20:10) NASA's lunar regolith plume interaction tests(00:25:00) Science report: Microplastics and neurodegenerative diseases, dog ownership and community ties

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 3In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest discoveries in astrophysics and the challenges faced by space agencies worldwide.Ancient Supernova Offers Clues to Dark EnergyAstronomers have made significant strides in understanding dark energy, the enigmatic force driving the universe's accelerated expansion. A newly observed supernova, located 10 billion light years away, has been gravitationally lensed by a foreground galaxy, allowing scientists to analyze multiple images of the same explosion. This phenomenon could help determine the Hubble constant, shedding light on the universe's expansion rate and its ultimate fate, which ranges from a Big Crunch to a Big Rip.Sterile Neutrino Hypothesis Nearly Ruled OutAfter over a decade of research, scientists have come close to ruling out the existence of the sterile neutrino, a proposed particle that could explain anomalous neutrino behavior. Data from the Micro BooNE experiment at Fermilab has shown no signs of sterile neutrinos, providing a pivotal moment in particle physics that narrows the search for new theories beyond the standard model.China's Reusable Rocket SetbackChina's efforts to develop a reusable rocket faced a significant blow as its Long March 12A failed on its maiden flight. Although the rocket's first and second stages performed as expected, the first stage failed to return successfully, highlighting the challenges in achieving reusability akin to SpaceX's Falcon 9. This setback underscores the competitive nature of the global space industry as China strives to enhance its capabilities.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical LettersNatureFermilab ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 29, Episode 3 for broadcast on 7 January 2026(00:00:47) Discovering dark energy through a unique supernova(00:12:30) Ruling out the sterile neutrino hypothesis(00:20:10) China's reusable rocket faces a major setback(00:25:00) Science report: Climate change impacts, endangered species, and digital privacy concerns

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 2In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the intriguing history of our galaxy and the secrets of Earth's early water retention.Unraveling the Milky Way's Chemical BimodalityA groundbreaking study suggests that the Milky Way's stellar formation and its unique chemical bimodality may stem from intergalactic gas rather than traditional star formation or galactic collisions. Researchers utilized advanced computer simulations to analyze the formation of 30 simulated galaxies, revealing that the Milky Way's distinct groups of stars, defined by their iron and magnesium content, can emerge through various mechanisms. This research not only enhances our understanding of the Milky Way's evolution but also challenges previous assumptions about the role of smaller galaxies in shaping its chemical structure.Earth's Mantle: A Reservoir of Ancient WaterNew findings indicate that Earth's mantle may have locked away vast amounts of water during the planet's formative magma ocean phase. Researchers discovered that bridgmanite, the most abundant mineral in the mantle, could store significant quantities of water, potentially equating to the volume of all today's oceans. This study reshapes our understanding of how water was retained during Earth's extreme early conditions and its role in the transition to a habitable planet. The implications of this research may provide insights into the geological processes that sustain Earth's dynamic environment.The Astronomy of Standing StonesReflecting on archaeological astronomy, we revisit a pivotal study that revealed how ancient standing stones in Britain were constructed with astronomical alignments in mind. This research confirms that the earliest stone monuments, including the Great Circles of Scotland, were intentionally oriented to mark the movements of the sun and moon. By examining the patterns of alignment, researchers established a connection between these ancient structures and the cultural significance of celestial events, illustrating the sophisticated understanding early Britons had of their environment and the cosmos.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyJournal of ScienceJournal of Archaeological Science ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 29, Episode 2 for broadcast on 5 January 2026(00:00:47) New study on the Milky Way's chemical bimodality(00:12:30) How bridgmanite in Earth's mantle may have stored ancient water(00:20:10) The astronomical significance of ancient standing stones in Britain(00:25:00) Science Robert: Sleep apnea linked to Parkinson's disease and more news in science

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 1In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into extraordinary cosmic phenomena and the ongoing exploration of our solar system.Cosmic Matter Ejected at 20% the Speed of LightAstronomers have made a groundbreaking observation of matter being ejected from a supermassive black hole at the center of the barred spiral galaxy NGC 3783, located 135 million light years away. This matter, propelled at an astonishing 20% the speed of light, challenges previously held notions about how such superluminal jets are powered. The findings suggest that a sudden change in the magnetic field, rather than radiation, may be responsible for this high-speed outburst, providing new insights into the mechanisms of black hole dynamics and their impact on galactic evolution.Wind-Sculpted Landscapes on MarsNASA's Perseverance Rover continues its exploration of Mars, focusing on megaripples—large sand formations shaped by wind. These megaripples, some reaching up to 2 meters in height, offer scientists a unique opportunity to study current Martian atmospheric processes. As the rover investigates the Honeyguide region, researchers hope to gain insights into the planet's wind patterns and surface chemistry, which will be crucial for future human missions to Mars.Potential Ocean Beneath Uranus's Moon ArielNew research suggests that Uranus's moon Ariel may harbor a vast subsurface ocean, potentially more than 170 kilometers deep. This discovery, reported in the journal Icarus, highlights Ariel's unique geological features and raises questions about its past interior structure and orbital dynamics. The study indicates that understanding Ariel's ocean could provide crucial context for the moon's surface fractures and cryovolcanic activity, emphasizing the need for future missions to the Uranian system to confirm these findings.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsIcarusNASA ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 29, Episode 1 for broadcast on 2 January 2026(00:00:47) Cosmic matter ejected from supermassive black hole(00:12:30) Perseverance Rover studies wind-sculpted megaripples on Mars(00:20:10) Evidence of a subsurface ocean beneath Uranus's moon Ariel(00:25:00) Skywatch: January night sky highlights and celestial events

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary - Series 28 Episode 154In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore significant milestones in lunar exploration and the latest challenges in space technology.Accelerated Launch for Artemis 2NASA has moved up the launch date for the historic Artemis 2 manned moon mission to early February, marking the first human journey to the moon in over 50 years since Apollo 17. The Orion spacecraft, named Integrity, will embark on a 10-day mission, completing a free return trajectory around the moon. This episode discusses the mission's objectives, including in-space demonstrations and the deployment of five cubesats, as well as the importance of this mission for future lunar exploration and potential Mars missions.New Insights from Lunar Rock SamplesRecent studies of lunar rock samples have revealed a new timeline for lunar impacts, pushing back the history of Earth's nearest celestial neighbour by 300 million years. The Apollo 17 rock sample, known as 76535, has provided crucial insights into the moon's formation and its geological history. Advanced computer simulations suggest that the impact that formed the Serenitatis Basin may have brought this rock to the surface, reshaping our understanding of the moon's bombardment history and its implications for Earth.Japan's H3 Rocket FailureThe Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has faced a setback with the failure of its new H3 rocket during a satellite launch. This follows a previous failure during its maiden flight. The H3 rocket, designed to replace the H2, aims to enhance Japan's capabilities in the global space market but has encountered significant technical challenges.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesGeophysical Research LettersNASA ReportsJAXA UpdatesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 154 for broadcast on 31 December 2025(00:00:47) NASA accelerates Artemis 2 moon mission launch(00:12:30) New lunar rock samples shift timeline of impacts(00:20:10) Japan's H3 rocket fails to deploy satellite(00:25:00) Study reveals links between social media use and cognitive performance in children(00:27:30) Coffee and tea's effects on bone health in older women

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 28 Episode 153In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into thrilling new missions and groundbreaking discoveries in the universe.Ramses Mission to Asteroid ApophisThe European Space Agency has greenlit an exciting new mission to study the infamous doomsday asteroid Apophis. The Ramses spacecraft will closely observe the 450-meter-wide asteroid as it makes a close flyby of Earth on April 13, 2029, at a mere 32,000 kilometers away—closer than many satellites. Initially feared to be on a collision course with Earth, further observations have since ruled out the threat of impact. However, the Ramses mission aims to understand how Earth's gravitational forces might affect Apophis during this close encounter, potentially setting the stage for future impacts. The spacecraft will deploy smaller probes to monitor changes in Apophis's orbit, rotation, and surface, providing vital data for planetary defense and insight into the evolution of asteroids.Solving the Mystery of ExistenceIn a groundbreaking study, scientists at CERN have made strides in explaining the universe's existence by observing a slight imbalance in the behavior of matter and antimatter. This charge parity (CP) violation suggests that a tiny difference favored matter over antimatter during the Big Bang, allowing the universe to evolve into its current state. The findings, based on 80,000 decays of the Lambda beauty particle, indicate a significant deviation that could reshape our understanding of the cosmos.The Largest Planetary Nursery Ever SeenAstronomers have discovered the largest planetary nursery ever observed, located in a massive protoplanetary disk around a young star. This chaotic environment, cataloged as IRAS230776707, spans an astonishing 650 billion kilometers and showcases intricate structures that hint at the complex processes of planet formation. The observations, made using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, reveal a unique perspective on how planetary systems may develop in extreme conditions, raising new questions about the dynamics shaping these disks.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical JournalNatureCERN ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 153 for broadcast on 29 December 2025(00:00:47) ESA's Ramses mission to study asteroid Apophis(00:12:30) CERN's discovery of matter-antimatter imbalance(00:20:10) Astronomers observe the largest protoplanetary disk ever found(00:25:00) New insights into sleep apnea and mental health risks(00:28:30) Potential discovery of a new ancient human species

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking astronomical events and the latest advancements in space exploration.First Ever Super Kilonova DetectedAstronomers have made a significant discovery with the potential detection of the first ever super kilonova explosion. This extraordinary event, cataloged as AT 2025ULZ, is believed to have been triggered by a double supernova explosion, producing both gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation. Lead author Manzi Kasliwal from Caltech's Palomar Observatory discusses how this unique phenomenon could reshape our understanding of stellar evolution and the formation of heavy elements in the universe. With only one confirmed kilonova event to date, this new discovery presents an exciting opportunity to explore the complexities of cosmic explosions.Blue Ghost 2 Spacecraft Shake TestFirefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost Mission 2 spacecraft has undergone rigorous shake testing at NASA's Environmental Test Laboratory. This critical assessment simulates the intense vibrations and acoustics experienced during launch, ensuring the spacecraft can withstand the harsh conditions of a rocket ascent. JPL engineer Michael Williams explains the importance of these tests in preparing spacecraft for successful missions, as the Blue Ghost 2 aims to deliver multiple payloads to the lunar far side next year.Shenzhou 20 Capsule Returns SafelyChina's Shenzhou 20 spacecraft has successfully completed an unmanned return to Earth after sustaining damage from space debris. Initially intended to bring a crew of Tigernauts back home, mission managers opted for a safe return without the crew due to concerns over a crack in the capsule's viewport. This decision highlights the importance of safety in space missions, while also providing valuable data for future flights.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal LettersNASA ReportsNature CommunicationsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 152 for broadcast on 26 December 2025(00:00:47) Astronomers detect what could be the first ever super kilonova explosion(00:15:30) Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost 2 spacecraft undergoes shake testing at NASA's JPL(00:20:10) China's Shenzhou 20 capsule returns safely to Earth after damage from space debris(00:25:00) New study reveals the benefits of swearing during physical exertion

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore significant advancements in space exploration and innovative scientific projects.Perseverance Rover's New JourneyAfter nearly five years on Mars, NASA's Perseverance Rover is on the move again, heading to a new site on the rim of Jezero Crater named Lac du Charm. Having traversed over 40 kilometres and collected vital rock core samples, the rover is undergoing extensive evaluations to ensure its longevity, with engineers confident it can operate until at least 2031. We discuss the rover's advanced autonomous driving capabilities and its mission to uncover signs of past microbial life.Fashion Meets Science: Microbial FabricsA groundbreaking project is set to merge fashion and science by sending specially designed fabrics made from bacteria into space. These innovative materials will change colour in response to radiation exposure, potentially protecting astronauts from harmful levels of UV radiation and offering new applications for skin cancer prevention on Earth. Lead researcher Giles Ballet shares insights into how this technology could revolutionise both space exploration and everyday fashion.Expedition 73 Crew ReturnsThe Expedition 73 astronauts have safely returned to Earth after an eight-month mission aboard the International Space Station. Their journey has contributed to over 250 experiments, including advancements in bioprinting and remote robotic operations. We also discuss the implications of recent challenges faced by Russia's manned space program.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of ScienceNASA ReportsNature CommunicationsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 151 for broadcast on 24 December 2025(00:00:47) NASA's Perseverance Rover begins a new journey on Mars(00:12:30) Innovative microbial fabrics set to be tested in space(00:19:15) Expedition 73 crew returns safely to Earth after eight months in orbit(00:24:05) New study suggests humans have been using fire for 400,000 years(00:27:30) Technology tips for buying the right printer for your needs

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 28 Episode 150In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into intriguing discoveries and ongoing challenges in the realm of astrophysics and planetary science.Cosmic Dance of Dying StarsAstronomers have made fascinating observations of a unique star system named Apep, located over 8,000 light years away in the constellation Norma. This rare system consists of three massive stars locked in a 190-year orbit, creating stunning spirals of cosmic dust. Using the advanced capabilities of NASA's Webb Space Telescope and the Very Large Telescope in Chile, researchers captured extraordinary images revealing four distinct dust shells spiraling outward from the stars. Lead author Ryan White from Macquarie University discusses how these findings enhance our understanding of stellar interactions and the evolution of massive stars over time.Titan's Liquid Ocean: A New PerspectiveA recent study challenges the long-held belief that Saturn's largest moon, Titan, harbors a vast underground ocean. Instead, researchers suggest that Titan may have a more complex internal structure characterized by slushy tunnels and pockets of meltwater rather than a global liquid water ocean. This revelation, based on a reanalysis of data from NASA's Cassini mission, could have significant implications for the search for potential life on Titan, indicating that any existing life forms might inhabit a more confined environment with concentrated nutrients.NASA's MAVEN: Communication ChallengesMission managers at NASA are working diligently to restore contact with the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft, which went silent during a routine pass behind Mars on December 6. Engineers are analyzing data from before the loss of signal to identify the cause and determine if the spacecraft can be salvaged. MAVEN has been crucial for studying Mars' atmosphere and has served as a vital communications relay for surface missions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical JournalNatureNASA TVBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is space time series 28 episode 150 for broadcast on 22nd December 2025(00:00:47) NASA's Webb Space Telescope reveals four spectacular dust shells from distant star system(00:10:58) New study says Titan probably doesn't have a vast underground liquid water ocean(00:15:57) NASA mission managers continue efforts to restore contact with missing maven spacecraft(00:18:36) New study finds shared genetic patterns across 14 common psychiatric disorders(00:20:56) A new study claims acupuncture treatment for lower back pain reduces pain

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries and exciting celestial events that illuminate our understanding of the universe.Earliest Supernova Ever DetectedAstronomers have achieved a remarkable milestone by detecting the earliest supernova ever observed, dating back to a mere 730 million years after the Big Bang. Using the powerful Webb Space Telescope, this supernova, cataloged as GRB250314A, emitted a gamma ray burst that has shattered previous distance records. Lead author Andrew Levin shares insights into how this discovery provides a glimpse into the universe when it was only 5% of its current age, revealing surprising similarities with modern supernovae despite the vast differences in their epochs.Liquid Water on Mars: New EvidenceNew seismic data from NASA's Mars InSight lander suggests that liquid water could still exist beneath the Martian surface, potentially providing a habitat for microbial life. The analysis of marsquakes has revealed boundaries in the Martian crust that indicate the presence of water-filled cracks, offering compelling evidence that life may persist on the Red Planet. We discuss the implications of these findings and the methodologies used to analyze the Martian subsurface.The Great Geminids Meteor Shower of 2025The annual Geminid meteor shower is reaching its peak, presenting stargazers with the chance to witness up to 100 meteors per hour under optimal conditions. Unlike many meteor showers that originate from comets, the Geminids are unique as they come from the asteroid 3200 Phaethon. Dr. Robert Massey provides tips on how to best observe this spectacular celestial event, emphasizing the importance of dark skies and the naked eye for optimal viewing.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsBritish Medical JournalNature CommunicationsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) New clues suggest that liquid water could still exist on Mars today(00:00:48) Astronomers have detected the earliest supernova ever seen using the Webb Space Telescope(00:05:10) New study based on seismic data suggests liquid water may still exist on Mars(00:09:12) The Geminids are visible between now and December 20th(00:13:10) New study finds coffee may slow down biological aging of people with mental illnesses

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 28 Episode 147In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into remarkable discoveries that significantly enhance our understanding of the cosmos.Longest Gamma Ray Burst Ever DetectedAstronomers have made headlines with the discovery of the longest gamma ray burst ever recorded, GRB 250702B, which lasted over seven hours. This unprecedented event is reshaping our understanding of stellar explosions and their aftermath. Initial observations indicate that this extraordinary burst may have originated from a black hole consuming a star, prompting new theories about the mechanisms behind these powerful cosmic phenomena. We explore the implications of this finding and how it challenges existing models of gamma ray bursts.Elemental Bounty in Supernova RemnantFor the first time, scientists have detected chlorine and potassium in the remnants of the supernova Cassiopeia A, utilizing the advanced capabilities of the CRISM spacecraft. This discovery sheds light on the elemental processes that occur during stellar explosions and their connection to the formation of elements crucial for life on Earth. We discuss the significance of these findings and their impact on our understanding of stellar nucleosynthesis.International Space Station Fully OccupiedIn a historic first, the International Space Station has reached full capacity, with all eight of its docking ports in use. We discuss the implications of this milestone, including the logistics of managing multiple spacecraft and the ongoing missions currently underway aboard the ISS.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyAstrophysical Journal LettersNature AstronomyBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) This is space Time Series 28, Episode 147 full broadcast on 17 December 2025(00:00:47) Astronomers have detected the longest gamma ray burst ever detected(00:11:11) Astronomers have detected chlorine and potassium in a supernova remnant(00:18:27) International Space Station is fully occupied with all eight docking ports now in use(00:20:05) New study claims flavonoids may help improve insulin resistance(00:24:58) You're a multiple award winner. You've won in creative writing and controversy(00:26:05) Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through bitesz. com

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore significant developments in space exploration and cosmic studies that could reshape our understanding of the universe.Nasa's MAVEN Mars Orbiter: Communication LossNASA's MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) spacecraft has gone silent, with contact lost on December 6th after passing behind Mars. The orbiter has been a vital asset for over a decade, studying the Martian atmosphere and solar wind interactions that have transformed Mars from a water-rich world to a cold desert. We delve into MAVEN's critical findings, including the mechanisms of atmospheric escape and the implications of its potential loss for ongoing Martian research.Galactic Neighbourhoods: Influencing EvolutionA new study reveals how a galaxy's local environment can significantly affect its evolution. The research, published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, demonstrates that galaxies situated in densely populated regions tend to grow more slowly and develop different structures compared to their isolated counterparts. By analysing data from the Deep Extragalactic Visible Legacy Survey, astronomers have gained insights into the complex dynamics of galactic interactions and their impact on star formation rates.Uranus and Neptune: More Richie than Icy?Challenging long-held classifications, a recent study suggests that the solar system's ice giants, Uranus and Neptune, may actually be more rocky than icy. Researchers from the University of Zurich conducted computer simulations that indicate a broader range of internal compositions for these planets, which could explain their complex magnetic fields. This new perspective could alter our understanding of planetary formation and evolution, paving the way for future explorations of these distant worlds.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyNASA TVBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we tackle some of the most intriguing cosmic mysteries and discoveries that could reshape our understanding of the universe.Unraveling Uranus: The Mystery of Its Radiation BeltsFor 39 years, the intense electron radiation belts surrounding Uranus have puzzled scientists since NASA's Voyager 2 flyby in 1986 revealed unexpectedly high levels of radiation. New analyses suggest these findings may be explained by a solar wind structure interacting with the Uranian system during Voyager 2's visit. This research opens up new questions about the fundamental physics governing these extreme energy levels and the unique characteristics of Uranus itself.Mapping Martian River Systems: A Historic FirstA groundbreaking study has mapped ancient river systems on Mars, identifying 16 large drainage basins that could have supported life billions of years ago. By synthesizing previous data on Martian river valleys, lakes, and canyons, scientists have outlined how these systems could have formed a global network, similar to Earth's most biodiverse river basins. This research enhances our understanding of Mars' geological history and its potential for past life.2026 Australasian Sky Guide ReleasedThe 2026 Australasian Sky Guide has officially been released, offering skywatchers a detailed monthly map of celestial events. Highlights include supermoons, planetary alignments, and eclipses, providing an exciting year ahead for astronomy enthusiasts. Dr. Nick Glom shares insights into the guide's features and the astronomical events to look forward to in the coming year.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesProceedings of the National Academy of SciencesCommunications Earth and EnvironmentBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Scientists may have finally resolved 39 year old mystery about Uranus radiation belts(00:03:55) A new study has begun the task of mapping ancient river systems on Mars(00:08:06) The 2026 Australasian Sky Guide has just been released(00:10:23) The book tells readers what's up in the sky for each month(00:11:39) Total eclipse of the moon in March is spectacular and easy to photograph(00:14:22) A new study suggests volcanic activity may have paved the way for the Black Death(00:15:37) A new study claims people who want children are more likely to find older faces attractive(00:17:33) Tim Mendham warns about the dangers of taking medical advice on social media(00:20:08) Spacetime is available through bitesz.com and other podcasting platforms

SpaceTime with Stuart Gary - Series 28 Episode 145In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries that deepen our understanding of the origins of life and the dynamics of our galaxy.Sugars and Stardust: Insights from Asteroid BennuNASA's Osiris Rex mission has returned samples from the asteroid Bennu, revealing the presence of biologically essential sugars, including ribose and glucose, along with a unique gum-like substance never before seen in astromaterials. These findings, published in Nature Geoscience and Nature Astronomy, suggest that the building blocks for life were widespread throughout the early solar system. The discovery of ribose supports the RNA world hypothesis, indicating that RNA might have been the first genetic material. Additionally, the presence of glucose hints at the early energy sources available for life on Earth.Stars Defying the Black HoleAstronomers have observed numerous stars in stable orbits around Sagittarius A, the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. This discovery, reported in Astronomy and Astrophysics, challenges previous assumptions that these objects were merely clouds of dust on a collision course with destruction. Instead, the new data from the ERIS Enhanced Resolution Imager and Spectrograph reveals a dynamic and stable environment around the black hole, providing a unique laboratory for studying interactions between black holes and stars.Martian Mystery Solved?A new radar technique employed by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has cast doubt on the existence of a suspected underground lake beneath the Martian South Pole ice cap. Initial signals that suggested the presence of liquid water have been reinterpreted as possibly being layers of rock and dust. This innovative approach opens new avenues for investigating subsurface resources on Mars, which could have significant implications for future exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature GeoscienceNature AstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsGeophysical Research LettersBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Galactic Tug-of-War: The Small Magellanic Cloud's Struggle Against Gravitational Forces (00:00:46) One of our nearest neighbouring galaxies being torn apart (00:08:00) A giant spider on the Jovian Ice Moon Europa (00:12:23) Mars could have been habitable for long periods (00:14:14) The Science Report (00:17:23) Skeptics guide to why some people are born suckers (00:20:24) Episode Wrap In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into fascinating cosmic phenomena and groundbreaking discoveries that could reshape our understanding of the universe.The Small Magellanic Cloud: A Galaxy Under DuressAstronomers have uncovered that the Small Magellanic Cloud, a nearby dwarf galaxy, is being torn apart by gravitational forces from its neighbor, the Large Magellanic Cloud. This revelation, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, highlights the complex movements of Cepheid variable stars within the galaxy, indicating that it is being stretched in multiple directions. By utilizing data from the European Space Agency's Gaia satellite, researchers have gained unprecedented insights into the interactions between these two galaxies, prompting a reevaluation of their structural dynamics and gravitational relationships with the Milky Way.Europa's Spider: Signs of Subsurface Water?A striking spider-like feature on Jupiter's moon Europa has scientists buzzing with excitement. Researchers suggest this formation, found near the Menanan impact crater, may be evidence of subsurface water seeping through the moon's icy crust following an asteroid impact. The findings, reported in the Planetary Science Journal, could have significant implications for the moon's habitability and the presence of life. By drawing parallels with similar features on Mars, scientists are eager to explore Europa's subsurface properties further, especially with the upcoming Europa Clipper mission set to launch in April 2030.Mars: A Longer Habitable History?New research indicates that Mars may have been habitable for a much longer duration than previously believed. A study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research Planets reveals that ancient underground water may have flowed beneath the Martian sand dunes, creating conditions conducive to life long after its surface water disappeared. This discovery not only enhances our understanding of Mars' geological history but also highlights the potential of subsurface environments as targets for future exploration in the search for past life.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal LettersPlanetary Science JournalJournal of Geophysical Research PlanetsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries and intriguing phenomena from Mars to the depths of space.Lightning Strikes on Mars: A Historic DiscoveryNASA's Perseverance Rover has made a remarkable find by detecting lightning in the Martian atmosphere for the first time. Recorded within two dust devils in Jezero Crater, the rover's Supercam microphone captured electromagnetic and acoustic signals indicative of electrical discharges. This discovery not only confirms long-held theories about Martian electrical activity but also reveals significant implications for the planet's atmospheric chemistry and potential hazards for future missions.NASA's Observations of Interstellar Comet 3I AtlasFollowing the European Space Agency's observations, NASA has released stunning images of interstellar comet 3I Atlas. As the comet passed close to Mars, NASA's MAVEN and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter provided crucial data on its trajectory and chemical composition. These insights are helping astronomers piece together the comet's journey and origins, revealing potential clues about water in other star systems.Moss in Space: Resilience Against the VoidA new study has shown that moss can survive the harsh conditions of space for up to 15 years. Researchers sent moss spores to the International Space Station, where they thrived despite exposure to the vacuum and extreme temperatures. This remarkable resilience could have implications for understanding life's potential to endure in extreme environments beyond Earth.Skywatch: December HighlightsAs the December solstice approaches, we take a look at the night sky's highlights, including the Geminids meteor shower and the ticking time bomb of Eta Carina. We also discuss the significance of the December solstice and the celestial events that define this time of year.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of NatureNASA ReportsJournal of Eye ScienceBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has captured evidence of electrical discharges(00:03:47) NASA publishes its own observations of the Interstellar Comet 3I Atlas(00:07:26) Moss spores survive exposure to vacuum of space for up to 15 years(00:09:40) The December solstice marks the beginning of winter in both hemispheres(00:11:54) Axial precession causes a slow and continuous change in Earth's rotational axis(00:15:11) Astronomers describe stars in terms of spectral types based on temperature and characteristics(00:19:04) Two blue stars nearing end of their lives before exploding massive core collapse supernovae(00:24:23) Just above the horizon is the constellation of Orion the Hunter(00:34:04) Canopus talks about the effect of the Moon on stargazing(00:37:03) The Southern Cross starts near the celestial equator and wanders far south(00:39:06) There are two star clusters that we speak about quite often on the show(00:41:50) The only planet that's up in the early evening is Saturn

(00:00:00) Theia Unveiled: Tracing the Origins of Earth's Moon and Lucy's Journey to Jupiter's Trojans (00:00:50) New study claims Theia and Earth were once neighbours (00:06:16) Lucy’s mission to Jupiter’s trojan asteroids (00:15:26) Starliner’s next mission to be limited to cargo only (00:17:57) The Science Report (00:23:17) Alex on Tech: Dooms Day clock countdown to Digital ID In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the intriguing origins of our Moon and the latest developments in space exploration.Theia: The Lost Planet Behind the Moon's BirthA groundbreaking study reveals that Theia, the small planet believed to have collided with Earth to form the Moon, originated from the inner solar system. Researchers from the Max Planck Institute and the University of Chicago have analyzed isotopic compositions of Earth and Moon rocks, suggesting that Theia was likely composed of materials found closer to the Sun than Earth's orbit. This discovery sheds light on the nature of this celestial body and its dramatic impact on our planet's history.Lucy Mission Update: Journey to Jupiter's TrojansNASA's Lucy spacecraft, launched in October 2021, is on an ambitious 12-year mission to explore Jupiter's Trojan asteroids. These ancient remnants from the solar system's formation are crucial for understanding planetary development. Lucy will visit seven asteroids, including both leading and trailing Trojan swarms, providing unprecedented insights into the early solar system. Principal Investigator Hal Levison emphasizes that the mission will revolutionize our understanding of planetary formation and the origins of volatiles and organics on terrestrial planets.Starliner Mission Limited to CargoIn a significant setback, NASA has announced that Boeing's Starliner spacecraft will only carry cargo on its next mission to the International Space Station. This decision follows a series of technical issues that plagued Starliner's previous flights. With the total number of planned missions reduced from six to four, NASA aims to ensure safety and reliability before allowing crewed flights again.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of ScienceNASA ReportsMax Planck Institute StudiesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking advancements in our understanding of the universe and the challenges faced in space exploration.Detecting Dark Matter: A Major BreakthroughAfter nearly a century of speculation, scientists may have finally detected dark matter. A report in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics reveals that gamma rays emitted from dark matter particle collisions have been observed using NASA's Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope. This discovery aligns with predictions about dark matter's existence and could signify a new particle not included in the current standard model of particle physics. If confirmed, this finding would represent one of the most significant developments in astronomy and physics to date.CHEOPS Spacecraft Nears MilestoneThe European Space Agency's CHEOPS (Characterizing Exoplanet Satellite) is approaching another milestone as it enters its sixth year of a mission initially planned for three and a half years. Launched in December 2019, CHEOPS aims to determine the size and characteristics of known exoplanets. With its 30-centimeter optical telescope, the spacecraft has been crucial in observing transiting exoplanets and will now extend its search to include exomoons, enhancing our understanding of planetary systems beyond our own.Disaster at Baikonur CosmodromeA major disaster struck at the Baikonur Cosmodrome during the launch of the Soyuz MS.28 spacecraft to the International Space Station. The mobile service platform collapsed due to the rocket's exhaust plume, resulting in significant damage to the launch pad. This incident leaves Russia without a functional facility for manned space missions for the first time in 60 years, delaying upcoming launches and posing challenges for future missions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle PhysicsEuropean Space Agency ReportsNASA News ReleasesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest discoveries and challenges in space exploration and Earth science.Tracking Interstellar Comet 3I Atlas from MarsThe European Space Agency has successfully monitored interstellar comet 3I Atlas from its ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, significantly improving the accuracy of its predicted trajectory by a factor of ten. The comet, which travels at speeds of up to 250,000 km/h, was observed from a unique vantage point, allowing astronomers to refine its path through our solar system. This remarkable achievement underscores the importance of multi-location observations in planetary defense efforts.Geomagnetic Superstorm Ganon's Impact on Earth's Plasma SphereA recent study reveals how the geomagnetic superstorm Ganon dramatically compressed Earth's plasmasphere, reducing its size to just a fifth of its normal extent. This event, which occurred in May 2024, provides crucial insights into the effects of extreme space weather on our planet's protective layers. The findings will enhance solar storm forecasts and help safeguard satellites and communication systems during such events.Delays for the Dream Chaser SpaceplaneSierra Space's Dream Chaser spaceplane faces further delays, now expected to launch its first orbital flight in approximately a year. Originally designed for crew transport, the spacecraft is now slated for resupply missions to the International Space Station. Despite setbacks, recent tests have demonstrated its systems' readiness for future operations, although challenges remain as the ISS's operational life nears its end.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesEarth Planets and Space JournalJournal of the American Chemical SocietyNASA ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Cosmic Speedsters: Unravelling Our Solar System's Surprising Velocity and Enceladus' Organic Secrets (00:00:46) Our solar system is moving faster than expected (00:04:38) Organic molecules discovered erupting from Saturn’s moon Enceladus (00:08:29) A new satellite launched to study Earth’s oceans (00:13:49) The Science Report (00:15:52) Alex on Tech In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking insights into Earth's mysteries and the cosmos beyond.Mysterious Structures in Earth's MantleA new study reveals that enigmatic structures within Earth's mantle may hold vital clues about why our planet evolved the conditions necessary for life. These massive formations, known as large low shear velocity provinces and ultra low velocity zones, reside at the boundary between the mantle and outer core, approximately 2,900 kilometres beneath the surface. The research suggests these anomalies could be remnants of Earth's formative processes, providing a deeper understanding of how elements from the core influenced the planet's cooling, volcanic activity, and atmospheric evolution, ultimately setting Earth apart from Venus and Mars.Unprecedented View of the Milky WayAstronomers have achieved a remarkable new perspective of our home galaxy, the Milky Way, with the largest low-frequency radio image ever assembled. This extensive survey, conducted using the Murchison Wide Field Array radio telescope in Western Australia, captures the intricate birth, evolution, and demise of stars across the southern hemisphere. The new image, which boasts double the resolution and tenfold sensitivity compared to previous observations, offers valuable insights into stellar interactions and the cosmic landscape, revealing patterns in star formation and supernova remnants.Successful Return of Stranded TaikonautsIn a significant development, the three Chinese taikonauts stranded in orbit after their Shenzhou 20 spacecraft was struck by space debris have safely returned to Earth aboard the Shenzhou 21 capsule. The crew's return marks the end of a six-month mission at the Tiangong space station, with their extended stay setting a new record for the longest duration in space for Chinese astronauts. The episode highlights the challenges of space travel and the rapid response by Beijing to ensure crew safety.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature GeosciencePublications of the Astronomical Society of AustraliaNew England Journal of MedicineBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Cosmic Clues Beneath Us: The Mantle's Role in Life and the Milky Way Unveiled (00:00:47) Mysterious structures within Earth's mantle may hold clues to life (00:05:05) A new unprecedented view of the Milky Way Galaxy (00:12:36) Stranded Chinese taikonauts return safely to Earth (00:14:21) The Science Report (00:16:58) Skeptics guide to the return of the haunted doll. In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking insights into Earth's mysteries and the cosmos beyond.Mysterious Structures in Earth's MantleA new study reveals that enigmatic structures within Earth's mantle may hold vital clues about why our planet evolved the conditions necessary for life. These massive formations, known as large low shear velocity provinces and ultra low velocity zones, reside at the boundary between the mantle and outer core, approximately 2,900 kilometres beneath the surface. The research suggests these anomalies could be remnants of Earth's formative processes, providing a deeper understanding of how elements from the core influenced the planet's cooling, volcanic activity, and atmospheric evolution, ultimately setting Earth apart from Venus and Mars.Unprecedented View of the Milky WayAstronomers have achieved a remarkable new perspective of our home galaxy, the Milky Way, with the largest low-frequency radio image ever assembled. This extensive survey, conducted using the Murchison Wide Field Array radio telescope in Western Australia, captures the intricate birth, evolution, and demise of stars across the southern hemisphere. The new image, which boasts double the resolution and tenfold sensitivity compared to previous observations, offers valuable insights into stellar interactions and the cosmic landscape, revealing patterns in star formation and supernova remnants.Successful Return of Stranded TaikonautsIn a significant development, the three Chinese taikonauts stranded in orbit after their Shenzhou 20 spacecraft was struck by space debris have safely returned to Earth aboard the Shenzhou 21 capsule. The crew's return marks the end of a six-month mission at the Tiangong space station, with their extended stay setting a new record for the longest duration in space for Chinese astronauts. The episode highlights the challenges of space travel and the rapid response by Beijing to ensure crew safety.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature GeosciencePublications of the Astronomical Society of AustraliaNew England Journal of MedicineBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Exploring Mars and Beyond: The Escapade Mission and the Expanding Mysteries of the Pleiades (00:00:43) NASA's ESCAPADE mission to Mars blasts off (00:10:00) The Pleiades prove to be far bigger than thought (00:14:05) Ending the debate over interstellar comet 3I-Atlas (00:17:05) The Science Report (00:19:39) Skeptics guide to talking to plants. In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest advancements in space exploration and cosmic discoveries that deepen our understanding of the universe.NASA's Escapade Mission Launches to MarsNASA has successfully launched its first dual satellite mission to Mars, the Escapade spacecraft, aboard Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket. This innovative mission aims to map the Martian magnetic field and atmosphere in three dimensions, providing crucial insights into how Mars lost its atmosphere and the conditions necessary for future human colonization. The twin probes, named Blue and Gold, will utilize a unique trajectory that allows for flexible launch windows, crucial for future resupply missions to Mars.The Pleiades Star Cluster: A Greater Cosmic StructureNew research has revealed that the Pleiades star cluster is significantly larger than previously thought, forming the core of an expansive stellar complex that spans nearly 2,000 light years. This groundbreaking study combines data from multiple space missions, providing a clearer picture of the Pleiades' origins and its connection to other stellar groups, reshaping our understanding of star formation and migration across the galaxy.Debate Over Interstellar Comet 3I Atlas ContinuesThe ongoing debate regarding the origins of interstellar comet 3I Atlas is addressed, as evidence increasingly supports its classification as a comet rather than an alien spacecraft. This segment explores the comet's characteristics, trajectory, and the scientific explanations behind its unusual features, reaffirming its status as a natural celestial object.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical JournalNASA ReportsUniversity of California ResearchBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into remarkable discoveries that illuminate the origins of our planet and the cosmos beyond.Ancient Australian Rocks Shed Light on Earth's OriginsScientists have made significant strides in understanding the formation of Earth and the Moon through the analysis of 3.7 billion-year-old feldspar crystals from the Murchison region in Western Australia. This research reveals that continental growth began relatively late in Earth's history, around three and a half billion years ago, suggesting a shared composition between Earth and the Moon following a colossal impact event. The findings challenge existing theories about the timing of crustal development and provide new insights into the early geological processes that shaped our planet.Hints of a Possible Fifth Force in NatureA groundbreaking report has emerged, suggesting the potential existence of a fifth fundamental force of nature. Researchers have observed unexpected deviations in electron transitions among calcium isotopes, hinting at a new particle, the Yukawa boson. This discovery could reshape the standard model of particle physics and deepen our understanding of the universe's fundamental forces, as scientists continue to explore the mysteries of atomic interactions.Record-Breaking Ocean Waves Observed from SpaceIn an astonishing revelation, satellites have recorded ocean waves reaching heights of nearly 20 metres, the largest ever measured from space. This episode explores how these massive waves, driven by storms, can carry destructive energy across vast distances, impacting coastlines far from the storm's origin. The findings not only validate existing wave models but also reveal new insights into the energy dynamics of ocean swells.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature CommunicationsPhysical Review LettersProceedings of the National Academy of SciencesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest astronomical phenomena and significant discoveries that are shaping our understanding of Earth and space.Auroral Displays Light Up the SkiesPlanet Earth has been treated to an extraordinary display of auroras, with both the Aurora Australis and Aurora Borealis lighting up the skies following three powerful X-class solar flares, including an X 5.1 event on November 11. This segment dives into the mechanics behind these solar flares, the resulting coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and how they triggered spectacular auroras visible at lower latitudes than usual, including sightings as far north as Cairns and even Florida.Largest Modern Impact Crater DiscoveredScientists have uncovered what is believed to be the largest modern impact crater on Earth, the 900-metre-wide Jinling Crater in southern China. This well-preserved structure, dating back to the Holocene epoch, offers new insights into extraterrestrial impacts and their effects on our planet. The discovery challenges previous assumptions about the frequency and scale of impacts from small celestial bodies and highlights the importance of studying such geological features.Nasa's Key Communications Dish Out of ServiceIn a significant setback for NASA, the 70-metre Goldstone deep space communications dish has been rendered inoperable due to an accident that occurred in September. The incident has raised concerns about the strain on NASA's Deep Space Network, especially with upcoming missions like Artemis 2. We discuss the implications of this loss for various space missions and the efforts being made to mitigate the impact on communications.The Science RobertIn our science report, we highlight a new projection from the World Meteorological Organisation indicating that 2025 is unlikely to be the hottest year on record, but it will rank among the top three. We also address public health concerns surrounding a measles alert in Australia, linked to declining vaccination rates, and the potential resurgence of preventable diseases. This segment underscores the importance of vaccination in maintaining herd immunity and protecting public health.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Geophysical ResearchNature CommunicationsWorld Meteorological Organisation ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Cosmic Beginnings and Stellar Discoveries: Unveiling the First Stars and Secrets of the Moon (00:00:47) Have astronomers finally seen the universe’s first stars (00:04:06) Hidden secrets about the Moon and the asteroid Vesta (00:10:45) Euclid peers deep into a stellar nursery full of baby stars (00:16:05) The Science Report (00:18:09) Skeptics guide to flat earthers falling flat on their face again In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking findings that could reshape our understanding of the universe's early stars, the Moon's hidden secrets, and the asteroid Vesta's internal structure.First Stars DetectedAstronomers may have finally glimpsed the universe's first stars, known as Population 3 stars, thanks to observations from NASA's Webb Space Telescope. These luminous giants, formed just 200 million years after the Big Bang, are believed to have ended the cosmic dark ages and initiated the epoch of reionisation. The episode delves into the significance of these findings, which suggest that these stars were formed in small clusters and exhibit extremely low metallicity, challenging previous theories about the early universe.Secrets of the Moon RevealedTwo NASA studies have provided fascinating insights into the Moon's internal structure through advanced gravity modelling. By analysing data from the GRAIL mission, researchers have created the most detailed gravitational map of the Moon to date, revealing variations linked to tidal deformation. This research offers clues about the Moon's geological history and volcanic activity, particularly highlighting differences between the near and far sides of the Moon.New Insights into Asteroid VestaIn a parallel study, scientists examined the asteroid Vesta's structure using data from NASA's Dawn spacecraft. Contrary to earlier beliefs of a layered interior, new measurements suggest Vesta may have a more uniform composition, with only a small core, if any. This revelation challenges long-held assumptions about the formation and evolution of this ancient asteroid.Euclid Space Telescope's Stellar Nursery ObservationsThe European Space Agency's Euclid Space Telescope has peered into the dark cloud LDN 1641, uncovering a vibrant stellar nursery filled with young stars. This segment discusses the significance of Euclid's observations, which not only aid in fine-tuning the telescope's capabilities but also contribute to our understanding of star formation and the cosmos.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal LettersNatureBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Decelerating Cosmos and Solar Secrets: Unravelling Dark Energy and the Sun's Magnetic Dance (00:00:45) More confirmation that the Universe's expansion is slowing (00:08:53) First glimpse of the Sun’s polar magnetic field in motion (00:14:09) Space Weather events ramping up (00:18:24) The Science Report (00:20:29) Alex on Tech NEO the humanoid housekeeper In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore significant revelations about the universe's expansion, the Sun's magnetic field, and the current surge in solar weather activity.The Universe's Expansion Rate is SlowingA new study has confirmed that the universe's rate of expansion, which began after the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago, is slowing down. This finding contradicts previous theories suggesting that the expansion was accelerating due to dark energy. We delve into the implications of this research, which indicates that dark energy may be evolving more rapidly than previously understood, potentially marking a paradigm shift in cosmology. The episode discusses various scenarios for the universe's future, including the Big Crunch, Steady State theory, Big Freeze, and Big Rip, and how these new observations could reshape our understanding of cosmic fate.First Glimpse of the Sun's Polar Magnetic FieldAstronomers have captured their first detailed view of the Sun's polar magnetic field in motion, revealing unexpected rapid movements. The Solar Orbiter spacecraft has provided insights into the Sun's magnetic activity, which follows an 11-year cycle. This segment highlights the significance of the findings, which enhance our understanding of solar dynamics and the implications for space weather.Current Surge in Space Weather EventsAs the Sun reaches solar maximum, astronomers are observing increased solar storm activity, including multiple X-class and M-class solar flares. This segment discusses the effects of coronal mass ejections on Earth, including spectacular auroras and potential disruptions to technology and power grids. We explore the science behind solar flares and their impact on our planet, providing a comprehensive overview of current space weather conditions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical SocietyAstrophysical Journal LettersNature GeoscienceJournal of the American Medical AssociationBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Galactic Influences and Supermoons: Exploring Earth's Crust and Taikonaut Trials (00:00:42) Earth's geology written in the stars (00:10:30) Taikonauts stranded in space following space junk impact (00:12:38) Biggest Supermoon of the year (00:14:59) The Science Report (00:17:20) Skeptics guide to jogging big foots In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into fascinating intersections of geology and astronomy that could reshape our understanding of Earth's history and the cosmos.Earth's Geology Written in the StarsA groundbreaking study reveals a compelling connection between the structure of our Milky Way galaxy and the evolution of Earth's crust. Researchers from Curtin University have found that meteorite impacts, influenced by the solar system's journey through the galaxy, have played a significant role in shaping our planet's geology. The episode explores how ancient zircon crystals are providing a unique archive of Earth's interactions with the galaxy, suggesting that astrophysical processes may have directly influenced the continents beneath our feet and the conditions that made life possible.Taikonaut Stranded in SpaceIn a dramatic turn of events, three Chinese taikonauts are stranded in orbit after their Shenzhou 20 spacecraft was struck by suspected space junk just hours before their scheduled return to Earth. This segment discusses the implications of the impact, the ongoing assessments by mission managers, and the potential need for a replacement capsule to ensure the crew's safe return. The episode also reflects on past incidents involving space debris and the measures taken to protect the Tiangong Space Station.The Biggest Supermoon of the YearSkywatchers around the globe were treated to the biggest supermoon of the year, appearing 7% larger and 30% brighter than a typical full moon. This segment explains the science behind the phenomenon, including the moon's elliptical orbit and its impact on tides. We also discuss how the term "supermoon" became popularised and the frequency of such lunar events, with several more supermoons on the horizon.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Reviewhttps://journals.aps.org/pr/Naturehttps://www.nature.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Earth's Geology Written in the StarsTaikonaut Stranded in SpaceThe Biggest Supermoon of the YearEarth's Geology Written in the StarsTaikonaut Stranded in SpaceThe Biggest Supermoon of the Year

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore remarkable discoveries and hypotheses that could redefine our understanding of planetary atmospheres and our journey back to the Moon.Phosphine Discovery in Brian Dwarf Wolf 1130CFor the first time, astronomers have detected phosphine in the atmosphere of the brown dwarf Wolf 1130C, raising intriguing questions about its presence and the chemistry of such celestial bodies. This discovery, reported in the journal Science, highlights the significance of phosphorus as a potential biosignature for life and challenges previous theories regarding the abundance of phosphine in other brown dwarfs and gas giants. The episode delves into the implications of this finding and what it means for our understanding of phosphorus chemistry in the universe.A New Hypothesis for Planetary Water FormationA groundbreaking hypothesis suggests that some planets may produce water during their formation through reactions between rocks and hydrogen under extreme pressure. This new perspective, discussed in the journal Nature, could explain the presence of liquid water on exoplanets located close to their host stars, challenging traditional views of water's origins. The episode examines the laboratory experiments that led to this hypothesis and its potential impact on our understanding of planetary habitability.Preparing for Humanity's Return to the MoonAs NASA gears up for the Artemis 2 mission, which aims to send humans around the Moon, we discuss the significance of returning to the lunar south pole. This area is believed to contain more water than any other region on the Moon, making it a crucial target for future exploration. The episode highlights the advancements in technology and international collaboration that will pave the way for a sustained human presence on the Moon, furthering our exploration of the solar system.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesSciencehttps://www.sciencemag.org/Naturehttps://www.nature.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Phosphine Discovery in Brian Dwarf Wolf 1130CA New Hypothesis for Planetary Water FormationPreparing for Humanity's Return to the Moon

In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking astronomical discoveries that challenge our understanding of the universe.The Most Massive Stellar Black Hole Merger Ever ObservedAstronomers have detected the most massive stellar black hole merger to date, cataloged as GW23 1123, which resulted in a black hole with a staggering mass of 225 times that of our Sun. This episode discusses the implications of this merger, observed by the LIGO Virgo Collaboration, and how it pushes the boundaries of current theories on black hole formation. The rapid spinning of the resulting black hole raises intriguing questions about the processes that lead to such massive objects in the cosmos.Unraveling the Mystery of Dark MatterCan radio telescopes and NASA's IMAP mission provide answers to the enigma of dark matter? New research suggests that during the cosmic dark ages, dark matter clumped together, pulling in hydrogen gas that emitted powerful radio waves. This segment explores how these signals could potentially illuminate the properties of dark matter, which remains one of the biggest mysteries in astrophysics.Navigating the Heliosphere with IMAPNASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) is on a mission to study the heliosphere, the protective bubble created by the solar wind. As it travels towards its operational position, IMAP will provide unprecedented insights into the interactions between the solar wind and interstellar space, enhancing our understanding of space weather and its effects on our planet and future space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Proceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.The Most Massive Stellar Black Hole Merger Ever ObservedUnraveling the Mystery of Dark MatterNavigating the Heliosphere with IMAP

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore a trio of intriguing astronomical phenomena that are reshaping our understanding of the cosmos.Interstellar Comet 3I Atlas: A Close EncounterInterstellar comet 3I Atlas has reached its perihelion, passing closest to the Sun without any signs of alien life forms, despite wild media speculation. This episode discusses how the comet maintained its expected trajectory and velocity, while also revealing groundbreaking findings from NASA's Swift Space Telescope, which detected ultraviolet signatures of water from the comet, providing new insights into the chemistry of interstellar objects and their potential to harbour the building blocks of life.A Colossal Gas Bridge Between Dwarf GalaxiesAstronomers have discovered a massive bridge of neutral hydrogen gas linking two dwarf galaxies, NGC 4532 and DDO 137, located approximately 53 million light years away. This remarkable structure spans an astonishing 185,000 light years and is accompanied by a vast tail of gas extending 1 million light years. The findings shed light on how galaxies interact and evolve, particularly in dense environments like the Virgo Cluster, and offer crucial insights into the dynamics of galactic gas and star formation.Volcanic Eruptions and Hidden Ice on MarsA new study suggests that explosive volcanic eruptions on ancient Mars may have transported water ice to the equatorial regions of the Red Planet. Using computer modelling, researchers propose that water vapour released during these eruptions could have frozen in the Martian atmosphere, leading to the accumulation of significant ice deposits. This discovery could have profound implications for future human exploration of Mars, as it raises questions about the availability of water resources in unexpected locations.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Nature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/naturecommunications/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Interstellar Comet 3I Atlas: A Close EncounterA Colossal Gas Bridge Between Dwarf GalaxiesVolcanic Eruptions and Hidden Ice on Mars

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into groundbreaking discoveries that could reshape our understanding of life on Mars and the cosmos beyond.Martian Ice: A Potential Reservoir for LifeA recent study suggests that Martian ice may be the most promising location to search for signs of ancient microbial life. Researchers found that biomolecules from dormant microbes degrade significantly slower in pure water ice compared to Martian soil mixtures. This discovery, published in the journal Astrobiology, raises hopes that future missions to Mars could uncover preserved organic materials in its icy regions, potentially revealing the planet's biological history.A Mysterious Dark Object in the UniverseAstronomers have identified the lowest mass dark object ever detected, with a mass about a million times that of our Sun. This enigmatic object, reported in Nature Astronomy, may offer insights into the nature of dark matter, which constitutes a significant portion of the universe's mass. The object was detected through gravitational lensing, and its small size challenges existing theories about dark matter's composition and distribution.NASA's Call for Lunar Mission BidsNASA is seeking new bids for its Artemis Moon program, aiming to foster competition among American companies to return humans to the lunar surface. With ongoing delays from SpaceX, NASA Administrator Sean Duffy emphasizes the urgency of the mission as the U.S. races against China to achieve lunar exploration milestones. The upcoming Artemis missions promise to be pivotal in establishing a sustainable human presence on the Moon.November Skywatch with Jonathan Nallywww.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrobiology Journalhttps://www.liebertpub.com/journals/astrobiology/1Nature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Martian Ice: A Potential Reservoir for LifeA Mysterious Dark Object in the UniverseNASA's Call for Lunar Mission Bids

(00:00:00) Lunar Relics and Interstellar Insights: Discoveries from the Moon and Comet 3I ATLAS (00:00:46) Relics of the outer solar system discovered on the Moon (00:03:30) Insights from interstellar comet 3I ATLAS (00:07:31) SpaceX's Starship Mega rocket test flight (00:23:54) The Science report (00:31:46) Episode Wrap In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore remarkable discoveries that provide new insights into our solar system and beyond.Relics of the Outer Solar System Found on the MoonA groundbreaking study reveals that meteorites found on the Moon originated from the outer solar system. Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have identified olivine-bearing clasts from lunar regolith collected by the Chang'e 6 mission. These relics, believed to be carbonaceous chondrites, offer critical information about the formation and evolution of planets. The findings suggest that the Moon serves as a pristine archive for meteorites, with implications for understanding the origins of lunar water and organic materials.Interstellar Comet 3I ATLAS: Insights into Alien Solar SystemsThe interstellar comet 3I ATLAS is revealing fascinating details about the composition of other solar systems. New observations indicate that 3I ATLAS has been active longer than expected, releasing various molecules as it travels through our solar system. This segment discusses how the comet's behavior challenges existing assumptions about comet activity and provides clues about the materials present in distant star systems.SpaceX's Starship Mega Rocket Test FlightSpaceX has successfully completed its 11th test flight of the Starship Mega rocket, demonstrating significant advancements in its design and capabilities. The mission involved various maneuvers, including hot staging and payload deployment, as well as tests of the spacecraft's reentry and landing procedures. This episode highlights the importance of these tests for future missions to the Moon and Mars, as SpaceX continues to refine the Starship for interplanetary travel.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesProceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.org/Astrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Relics of the Outer Solar System Found on the MoonInterstellar Comet 3I ATLAS: Insights into Alien Solar SystemsSpaceX's Starship Mega Rocket Test Flight

(00:00:00) Near Miss and Cosmic Spectacles: Asteroids, Comets, and Space Junk in Earth's Orbit (00:00:46) Planet Earth experiences as asteroid near miss (00:02:58) Two green comets lighting up the night skies (00:07:31) Chinese space junk smashes into Western Australia (00:09:09) The Science Report (00:12:07) Skeptics guide to the magic healing Biomet (00:15:15) Show Wrap-up In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into a series of astonishing astronomical events that recently unfolded, including a near-miss asteroid and mesmerizing comets lighting up our night skies.Asteroid 2025 TF: A Close EncounterAn undetected asteroid, now designated 2025 TF, made a startling pass just 428 kilometers above Earth, equivalent to the altitude of the International Space Station. Detected by astronomers from Kitt Peak National Observatory six hours post-approach, this 3-meter space rock serves as a reminder of the many near misses that may go unnoticed. This episode discusses the implications of such encounters and the ongoing efforts to enhance planetary defense against potential threats.Green Comets Illuminate the Night SkySkywatchers have been treated to the rare sight of two vibrant green comets, C 2025 R2 Swann and C 2025 A6 Lemon, both originating from the Oort Cloud. As they approach the sun, these comets are heating up and releasing gases, creating their characteristic tails. This segment explores their trajectories, visibility, and the exciting opportunity they present for amateur astronomers, particularly as they coincide with the annual Orionid meteor shower.Chinese Space Junk Crash in AustraliaIn a dramatic turn of events, debris from the Chinese Jielong 3 rocket has been discovered smoldering in Western Australia's outback. This segment details the recovery of the wreckage and the ongoing investigation by the Australian Space Agency. The incident raises concerns over space debris management, especially in light of previous accidents involving Chinese spacecraft.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/Geophysical Research Lettershttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Asteroid 2025 TF: A Close EncounterGreen Comets Illuminate the Night SkyChinese Space Junk Crash in Australia

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the latest findings in Martian meteorology, delve into Earth's ancient tectonic activity, and prepare for humanity's return to the Moon.Raging Winds on Mars: Unveiling Martian Weather PatternsA groundbreaking study published in the journal Science Advances reveals that wind speeds on Mars can reach up to 160 km/h, significantly higher than earlier estimates. Lead author Valentin U.H. Meckel from the University of Bern discusses how these powerful winds, along with dust devils, play a crucial role in shaping Mars' climate and dust distribution. This episode explores how the observations from the European Space Agency’s Mars Express and ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter have provided unprecedented insights into Martian atmospheric dynamics, which are essential for planning future manned missions to the Red Planet.Unlocking Earth's Deep Past: New Insights into SubductionIn a surprising twist to our understanding of early Earth, a new study published in Nature Communications suggests that subduction and continental crust formation occurred much earlier than previously believed. Researchers utilized advanced geochemical analysis of ancient olivine crystals to challenge the notion of a stagnant lid tectonic regime during the Hadean eon. This episode discusses the implications of these findings on our understanding of Earth's geological history and the processes that shaped our planet's surface.NASA's Artemis II: Preparing for Lunar ExplorationNASA is set to send astronauts back to the Moon with the Artemis II mission, slated for launch in early 2026. This episode provides an overview of the mission's objectives, including a ten-day crewed flyby of the Moon, which will test the Orion spacecraft and gather crucial scientific data. As the crew prepares to explore the lunar far side, we discuss the significance of this mission for future lunar habitation and potential manned missions to Mars.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Raging Winds on Mars: Unveiling Martian Weather PatternsUnlocking Earth's Deep Past: New Insights into SubductionNASA's Artemis II: Preparing for Lunar Exploration(00:00) Wind speeds on Mars and their implications(12:45) New findings on early Earth's tectonic activity(21:15) NASA's Artemis II mission overview(30:00) Science report: Octopus handedness and air pollution effects on sleep apnea

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries that reshape our understanding of Mars, the Moon, and the Milky Way Galaxy.Ancient Oceans on Mars: Geological Evidence RevealedA new study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters presents compelling geological evidence that Mars' Northern Hemisphere was once home to a vast ocean. Lead author Chris from the University of Arkansas discusses how comparisons between river rocks on Earth and Martian sediment reveal ancient river deltas and backwater zones, suggesting that liquid water flowed on the Red Planet, increasing the possibility of past life. This episode delves into the processes of sedimentation and erosion that shaped Mars' landscape, providing insights into its watery past.The Moon's South Pole-Aitken Basin: Unveiling Impact MysteriesA fresh analysis of the Moon's largest impact crater, the South Pole-Aitken Basin, sheds light on its formation and the Moon's geological history. Researchers have discovered that this massive crater's shape indicates an impact from the north, challenging previous assumptions. As the Artemis missions prepare to land near this basin, they will have the opportunity to study material excavated from the lunar interior, potentially unlocking secrets about the Moon's evolution and the asymmetries in its crust.Nancy Chris Roman Space Telescope: Mapping the Milky WayNASA's upcoming Nancy Chris Roman Space Telescope is set to revolutionise our understanding of the Milky Way's interstellar medium. This mission will map around 20 billion stars, using infrared light to penetrate the dust clouds obscuring our view. Chief investigator Catherine Zucker explains how this data will refine our models of star formation and the galaxy's structure, while also addressing the ongoing mysteries of galactic spiral patterns and their role in star birth.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesGeophysical Research Lettershttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007Naturehttps://www.nature.com/natureNASA Nancy Chris Roman Space Telescopehttps://roman.gsfc.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Ancient Oceans on Mars: Geological Evidence RevealedThe Moon's South Pole-Aitken Basin: Unveiling Impact MysteriesNancy Chris Roman Space Telescope: Mapping the Milky Way(00:00) Evidence of ancient oceans on Mars(10:15) New insights into the Moon's largest impact crater(19:30) The upcoming Nancy Chris Roman Space Telescope mission(27:00) Science Robert: Heatwaves and their impact on global mortality

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the intriguing world of near-Earth asteroids, the evolution of our universe, and the remarkable discovery of a rogue planet experiencing unprecedented growth.Invisible Asteroids Near Venus: A Hidden ThreatRecent computer simulations published in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics have raised alarms about a population of near-Earth asteroids that remain undetectable due to their proximity to Venus. These Venusian co-orbital asteroids, which share an orbital resonance with Venus, could pose a collision risk to Earth within a few thousand years. The study's lead author, Valerio Carumba, explains the challenges of observing these asteroids, as they are obscured by the Sun's glare. With a size of around 300 metres, these asteroids could create impact craters several kilometres wide, highlighting the need for dedicated space missions to monitor this potential threat.The Universe's Evolution: New Insights from the Epoch of ReionizationAstronomers have made significant strides in understanding the universe's early days, revealing that it was warmer than previously thought before the first stars ignited. Research based on observations from the Murchison Wide Field Array in Western Australia indicates that the gas between galaxies was heated around 800 million years after the Big Bang, contradicting earlier theories of a cold universe. This heating, likely driven by early X-ray sources, set the stage for the epoch of reionization, which transformed the cosmos from opaque to transparent, allowing light to travel freely.A Richie Planet's Remarkable Growth SpurtIn a groundbreaking discovery, astronomers have identified a rogue planet, catalogued as char 11 oh 7 minus 7626, that is not bound to any star and is growing at an astonishing rate of 6 billion tonnes of gas and dust per second. Located approximately 600 light years away in the constellation Chameleon, this planet challenges conventional notions of planetary stability. Observations reveal that its accretion rate fluctuates dramatically, highlighting the dynamic processes at play in the formation of rogue planets and blurring the lines between planets and stars.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/Astrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Invisible Asteroids Near Venus: A Hidden ThreatThe Universe's Evolution: New Insights from the Epoch of ReionizationA Richie Planet's Remarkable Growth Spurt(00:00) The threat posed by invisible asteroids near Venus(10:30) New findings on the universe's warm early phase(19:00) Discovery of a rogue planet growing at record rates(27:15) Science Robert: 2025 Nobel Prize announcements

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the latest revelations in astrophysics, including the intriguing prospect of supermassive dark stars, Australia's ambitious lunar rover mission, and fresh insights into the formation of our solar system.Supermassive Dark Stars: A New Cosmic DiscoveryAstronomers have identified potential candidates for a new type of star in the early universe, known as supermassive dark stars. Recent observations from the Webb Space Telescope suggest that these stars, primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, are supported against gravitational collapse by dark matter. This episode delves into how these dark stars could help explain the existence of supermassive black holes and the unexpectedly bright distant galaxies observed by Webb. With the possibility of a smoking gun signature in their spectra, the implications of this discovery could reshape our understanding of dark matter and stellar evolution.Australia's Lunar Rover Mission: A Step Towards the MoonWork is underway on Australia's first lunar rover, set to launch as part of NASA's Artemis programme. This 20-kilogram robotic vehicle, developed by the Queensland University of Technology, will explore lunar geology and contribute to establishing a sustainable human presence on the Moon. The episode covers the rover's design, mission objectives, and the collaborative efforts between Australian institutions and NASA to advance lunar exploration.Piecing Together the Early Solar SystemNew research published in Science Advances reveals that the early solar system was more chaotic than previously thought, with planets forming from recycled fragments of shattered bodies rather than pristine materials. This episode discusses the violent origins of our solar system and how high-energy collisions influenced the development of planetary cores, ultimately shaping the celestial bodies we know today.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Physical Review Lettershttps://journals.aps.org/prl/Science Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Supermassive Dark Stars: A New Cosmic DiscoveryAustralia's Lunar Rover Mission: A Step Towards the MoonPiecing Together the Early Solar System(00:00) The potential discovery of supermassive dark stars(10:15) Australia's new lunar rover mission details(18:45) New findings on the chaotic origins of the solar system(25:30) Skywatch for October: Meteor showers and celestial highlights

In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the fascinating findings from Saturn's icy moon Enceladus, discuss delays in the Dream Chaser spaceplane's launch schedule, and celebrate NASA's breakthroughs in laser communications for deep space missions.Enceladus: Unveiling Complex ChemistryRecent discoveries reported in the journal Nature Astronomy reveal that Saturn's moon Enceladus is spewing complex organic molecules from its subsurface ocean. Data collected by the Cassini spacecraft during its mission has unveiled fresh insights into the chemical reactions occurring in this hidden ocean. The presence of organic molecules, including precursors for amino acids, raises the possibility that Enceladus may have once harboured conditions suitable for life. This episode explores how these findings could inform future missions aimed at further investigating Enceladus and its potential habitability.Dream Chaser Spaceplane: A Delay in LaunchSierra Space has announced that their Dream Chaser spaceplane's first free flight demonstration has been pushed back to late 2026. Originally designed as a manned spacecraft, Dream Chaser will now serve as a cargo transport for NASA's Commercial Resupply Services, delivering supplies to the International Space Station. The episode discusses the spaceplane's unique design, its cargo capabilities, and the future of its missions, including plans for a fully operational crewed version.Nasa's Optical Deep Space Laser Communications SuccessNASA's new Optical Deep Space Laser Communications project has surpassed all technical goals, paving the way for high-speed communications for future crewed missions to Mars. The technology, which successfully transmitted data over vast distances, demonstrated data rates comparable to broadband Internet services. This breakthrough enables faster communication for astronauts and could revolutionise data transmission in deep space. Tune in to learn more about the technology behind this ambitious project and its implications for future space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomyNASA Dream Chaserhttps://www.nasa.gov/dreamchaserNASA Optical Deep Space Laser Communicationshttps://www.nasa.gov/lasercomBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Enceladus: Unveiling Complex ChemistryDream Chaser Spaceplane: A Delay in LaunchNASA's Optical Deep Space Laser Communications Success(00:00) The Dream Chaser spaceplane set for another delay(00:48) Scientists have discovered new complex organic molecules spewing from Saturn's Enceladus(09:41) NASA says new optical Deep Space Laser communications project has exceeded all technical goals(17:29) Around a quarter of all press releases in the United States are probably AI generated(19:23) Companies failing to secure AI agents is causing security risks, warns expert(20:27) Gary Stuart says AI agents can be hacked and should be treated like humans

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the future of our universe, the latest advancements in mapping our Milky Way, and the pivotal role fungi played in the evolution of life on land.The Universe's Fate: A Big Crunch in 20 Billion YearsA groundbreaking study published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics reveals that the universe is approaching the midpoint of its 33 billion-year lifespan and may end in approximately 20 billion years. Lead author Henry Tighe from Cornell University presents new data suggesting that the universe's cosmological constant may be negative, leading to a contraction and eventual collapse—a phenomenon referred to as the "big crunch." This research, based on observations from the Dark Energy Survey and the dark energy spectroscopic instrument DESI, challenges long-held beliefs about the universe's eternal expansion and opens new avenues for understanding cosmic evolution.Mapping the Milky Way: Gaia's 3D ViewThe European Space Agency's Gaia Space Telescope has unveiled the most precise three-dimensional map of star-forming regions within our Milky Way galaxy. By analysing data from 44 million stars, Gaia has provided insights into the obscured molecular clouds where new stars are born. This innovative mapping technique allows astronomers to understand the distribution of ionised gas and the dynamics of star formation, offering a fresh perspective on our galaxy's structure and the processes that shape it.Fungi: The Pioneers of Terrestrial LifeA recent study published in Nature Ecology and Evolution has identified that fungi played a crucial role in preparing Earth for life on land between 900 million and 1.4 billion years ago—much earlier than previously thought. Researchers from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology utilised a novel gene swap method to trace the evolution of fungi, suggesting that these organisms were instrumental in creating the first ecosystems and nutrient recycling processes that facilitated the emergence of terrestrial life. This discovery reframes our understanding of the timeline for life on Earth and highlights the importance of fungi in shaping our planet's biosphere.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physicshttps://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaiaNature Ecology and Evolutionhttps://www.nature.com/neweBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.The Universe's Fate: A Big Crunch in 20 Billion YearsMapping the Milky Way: Gaia's 3D ViewFungi: The Pioneers of Terrestrial Life

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the intriguing potential for life on the dwarf planet Ceres, explore NASA's latest mission to study the heliosphere, and celebrate the achievements of the University of Melbourne's Spirit Nanosat.Ceres: A Potentially Habitable World?Recent research published in Science Advances suggests that Ceres, currently a frigid and frozen world, may have once harboured conditions suitable for life. By modelling the planet's thermal and chemical history, scientists propose that Ceres could have sustained a long-lasting energy source, allowing for microbial metabolism. While there's no direct evidence of life, the findings indicate that Ceres had the necessary ingredients—water, carbon, and chemical energy—that could have supported single-celled organisms in its ancient past.Nasa's New Heliospheric MissionNASA has launched the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) to investigate the heliosphere, the magnetic bubble surrounding our solar system. This mission aims to enhance our understanding of solar wind and its interactions with interstellar particles, which are crucial for assessing space weather impacts on Earth. IMAP will operate alongside the Carruthers Geocorona Observatory and NOAA's Swifo L1 spacecraft, contributing to a comprehensive study of our solar environment.Spirit Nanosat's Milestone AchievementThe University of Melbourne's Spirit nanosatellite has successfully completed its initial mission phase, deploying its thermal management system and taking a selfie in space. Launched in December 2023, Spirit is equipped with a miniaturised gamma-ray detector to search for gamma-ray bursts, marking a significant advancement in small satellite technology and scientific exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNASA IMAP Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/imapUniversity of Melbourne Spirit Nanosatellitehttps://www.unimelb.edu.au/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Ceres: A Potentially Habitable World?NASA's New Heliospheric MissionSpirit Nanosat's Milestone Achievement(00:00) New study claims the dwarf planet Ceres could once have been habitable enough for life(05:14) The Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe will study the heliosphere(15:58) New study finds tropical fish are colonising new habitats because of ocean warming(18:07) Khloe Kardashian reportedly claims she's seen UFOs and experienced paranormal activity

(00:00:00) Mercury's Shrinking Secrets: Insights into the Solar System's Smallest Planet (00:00:43) Mercury's Ongoing Shrinkage (00:03:11) NASA's Carruthers Geocorona Observatory (00:11:52) Insights from Martian Meteorite NWA 16254 (00:14:23) Tech News In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the intriguing dynamics of Mercury's shrinking size, embark on a mission to unveil Earth's elusive exosphere, and uncover the secrets of ancient volcanic activity on Mars.Mercury's Ongoing ShrinkageRecent research published in AGU Advances reveals that Mercury continues to shrink as it cools, a process that has been ongoing since its formation 4.6 billion years ago. Scientists have estimated that the planet's radius has contracted by between 2.7 to 5.6 kilometres due to cooling-induced faulting. This study employs new methods to provide a more accurate understanding of Mercury's long-term thermal history, which could also be applied to other planetary bodies, including Mars.NASA's Carruthers Geocorona ObservatoryNASA has launched the Carruthers Geocorona Observatory to study Earth's invisible halo, the exosphere. This mission aims to capture the first continuous observations of the Geocorona, revealing the dynamics of hydrogen atoms escaping into space. Understanding the exosphere's response to solar activity is crucial for predicting space weather events that could affect astronauts on missions to the Moon and beyond. The observatory will provide insights into how Earth retains water and may even aid in the search for exoplanets with similar atmospheric conditions.Insights from Martian Meteorite NWA 16254A meteorite discovered in the Zaharov Desert is shedding light on Mars's ancient volcanic systems. The rock, classified as NWA 16254, offers unprecedented insights into the planet's magmatic processes, indicating a two-stage crystallisation process that occurred under varying pressure conditions. This discovery could help scientists understand Mars's thermal history and its volcanic evolution over billions of years, raising questions about the planet's past and its potential for hosting life.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAGU Advanceshttps://agu.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/23337380NASA Geocorona Observatoryhttps://www.nasa.gov/Planetary Science Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2632-3338Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Mercury's Ongoing ShrinkageNASA's Carruthers Geocorona ObservatoryInsights from Martian Meteorite NWA 16254

(00:00:00) Stardust from Beyond: Unveiling the Secrets of Asteroid Bennu and Saturn's Mysteries (00:00:47) Scientists have discovered minerals older than our solar system embedded in asteroid Bennu (00:10:22) Scientists using NASA's Webb telescope have uncovered mysterious features in Saturn's atmosphere (00:14:58) NASA's Parker Solar Probe completes 25th close approach to the sun (00:17:27) The Science Report In this episode of Space Time, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries that challenge our understanding of the cosmos. Join Stuart Gary as he discusses the astonishing findings from the asteroid Bennu, revealing minerals older than our solar system itself. Delve into the unexpected features observed in Saturn's atmosphere and learn about the Parker Solar Probe's close flyby of the Sun. This episode is packed with insights that could reshape our knowledge of planetary formation and cosmic history.Chapters:(00:00) This is space time series 28 episode 117 for broadcast on 29 September 2025(00:47) Scientists have discovered minerals older than our solar system embedded in asteroid Bennu(10:13) Scientists using NASA's Webb telescope have uncovered mysterious features in Saturn's atmosphere(14:59) NASA's Parker Solar Probe completes 25th close approach to the sun(17:41) A widely reported study on apple cider vinegar and weight loss has been retractedBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the cosmos to uncover the secrets of the early universe, explore the potential for black hole atmospheres, and examine the intriguing history of habitability on Mars, alongside the launch of a new deep space antenna by the European Space Agency.Mysterious Red Dots in the Early UniverseAstronomers have identified a population of enigmatic red dots in the early universe, potentially representing exotic stellar atmospheres around ancient black holes. These findings, published in Astronomy and Astrophysics, could bridge the gap in understanding the rapid growth of supermassive black holes. The Webb Space Telescope's observations suggest these objects might be a new class of celestial body, challenging existing models of galaxy formation and offering insights into the origins of galaxies.Multiple Episodes of Habitability on MarsNASA's Perseverance rover has provided compelling evidence that Mars's Jezero Crater experienced multiple episodes of liquid water flooding, each capable of supporting life. By analysing geochemical data, scientists have identified various minerals that reveal a dynamic history of volcanic activity and water interactions, suggesting a complex aqueous past that could have fostered life on the Red Planet.European Space Agency's New Deep Space DishThe European Space Agency is set to inaugurate its latest Australian deep space antenna at the Norcia tracking station in Western Australia. This 35-metre parabolic dish will enhance ESA's deep space communications capabilities, supporting missions and ensuring robust data transmission from spacecraft exploring our solar system. The new facility complements ESA's existing network of antennas worldwide, reinforcing their commitment to deep space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/Journal of Geophysical Research Planetshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/21699356European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Mysterious Red Dots in the Early UniverseMultiple Episodes of Habitability on MarsEuropean Space Agency's New Deep Space Dish

In this episode of SpaceTime, we celebrate a major milestone in exoplanet discoveries, unravel the enigmatic surface of Venus, and delve into the intriguing tale of interstellar comet 3I ATLAS.Exoplanet Count Surpasses 6,000Astronomers have reached an impressive milestone, confirming their 6,000th exoplanet, a testament to the rapid pace of discoveries since the first detection of an exoplanet in 1995. This milestone not only highlights the evolving understanding of our galaxy but also raises questions about the myriad of planetary types discovered, from rocky planets to gas giants. While the hunt for Earth-like planets continues, the methods employed to discover these distant worlds remain a challenge, with fewer than 100 exoplanets directly imaged to date. The future holds promise with upcoming missions, including NASA's Nancy Chris Roman Space Telescope, which aims to further uncover the secrets of our cosmic neighbourhood.Decoding Venus's Mysterious SurfaceScientists are making strides in understanding the peculiar features of Venus, particularly the crown-like structures known as coronae. A new study suggests these features may be the result of magma plumes attempting to break through the planet's crust. By mapping the paths of these magmatic bursts, researchers are shedding light on Venus's geological history and its stark contrast to Earth, despite their similarities in size and formation. The findings could help explain why Venus has become a hellish environment, devoid of life, while Earth thrives.Interstellar Comet 3I ATLASAstronomers have captured stunning new images of interstellar comet 3I ATLAS, revealing a prominent tail and glowing coma as it journeys through the inner solar system. These observations provide valuable insights into the comet's composition and behaviour, suggesting that it shares similarities with comets originating from our own solar system. As 3I ATLAS approaches the Sun, its increasing activity offers a unique opportunity for scientists to study material that formed around distant stars. The comet is expected to re-emerge in November, promising further observations and discoveries.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA Exoplanet Science Institutehttps://exoplanets.nasa.gov/Proceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.org/Gemini Observatoryhttps://www.gemini.edu/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Exoplanet Count Surpasses 6,000Decoding Venus's Mysterious SurfaceInterstellar Comet 3I ATLAS

In this episode of SpaceTime, we tackle the mysteries of the cosmos with a new mathematical model of the universe and ponder the age-old question: are we alone in the universe?New Model of the UniverseScientists have unveiled a groundbreaking mathematical model aimed at simplifying our understanding of the universe's evolution over the past 13.8 billion years. This innovative research, based on data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), offers fresh insights into the cosmic web's structure, revealing how dark energy influences cosmic expansion. Lead author Leonardo Gianni from the University of Queensland discusses how this model challenges existing paradigms and provides a clearer picture of the universe's complex behaviour, including the impact of voids and collapsing regions of matter.Are We Alone?A new study presented at the European Planetary Science Congress raises intriguing questions about the existence of intelligent alien civilizations. Researchers estimate that the nearest technological society in our galaxy could be over 33,000 light years away, with conditions on their home planets potentially mirroring those of Earth. The study highlights the challenges of sustaining advanced life and the long timelines required for such civilizations to coexist with humanity.Partial Solar EclipseToday, a partial solar eclipse graced the skies over New Zealand, the South Pacific, and parts of Australia and Antarctica. As the Moon passed between the Earth and the Sun, observers witnessed a stunning celestial display with up to 70% of the Sun's face obscured. This remarkable event serves as a reminder of the intricate dance of celestial bodies that shape our night sky.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Lettershttps://journals.aps.org/prl/European Planetary Science Congresshttps://www.epsc2025.eu/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.New Model of the UniverseAre We Alone?Partial Solar EclipseNew Model of the UniverseAre We Alone?Partial Solar Eclipse

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the thrilling prospects of observing exploding black holes, an astonishing stellar jet on the outskirts of the Milky Way, and the meticulous preparations for an Earth observation satellite mission.Exploding Black Holes on the HorizonA groundbreaking study suggests that astronomers may soon witness a black hole explosion, an event theorised to occur once every 100,000 years. Researchers now believe there’s a 90% chance of observing such an explosion within the next decade, potentially revealing primordial black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang. These explosions could provide a comprehensive catalogue of all subatomic particles, including those yet to be discovered, fundamentally altering our understanding of the universe's origins.Immense Stellar Jet DiscoveredAstronomers have identified a colossal stellar jet erupting from a young star in the Milky Way's outskirts, specifically in the Sharpless 2284 region. This rare phenomenon involves twin jets of hot plasma extending over eight light years, driven by superheated gases falling onto the massive star. Captured by NASA's Webb Space Telescope, this discovery not only sheds light on star formation but also offers insights into the conditions of the early universe.Preparing for Earth ObservationThe European Space Agency is conducting rigorous tests for a future Earth observation satellite mission, including an airborne campaign in the Arctic. Scientists are evaluating a new imaging microwave radiometer designed to monitor sea ice and its evolution. This mission aims to gather vital data on climate change and the Arctic environment, contributing to a better understanding of global phenomena.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Lettershttps://journals.aps.org/prl/NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Exploding Black Holes on the HorizonImmense Stellar Jet DiscoveredPreparing for Earth Observation

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the secrets of ancient geology, explore the watery past of an asteroid, and delve into the origins of globular clusters.Supercontinent Breakup RevealedScientists have made significant strides in understanding the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia, which occurred over 800 million years ago. Research conducted on rare minerals in Outback Australia has revealed how niobium-rich carbonatites rose through fault zones during tectonic rifting, providing insights into the geological processes that shaped our planet. These findings not only illuminate the history of Rodinia but also highlight the importance of niobium in modern technologies, such as electric vehicles and advanced alloys.Water Activity on Asteroid RichieExciting new research confirms that liquid water once flowed on the parent body of the near-Earth asteroid Richie, challenging previous assumptions about water activity on asteroids. Analysis of rock samples returned by Japan's Hayabusa2 mission has shown evidence of water movement through Ryugu's rocks, indicating that carbon-rich asteroids may have played a more significant role in delivering water to Earth than previously thought. This discovery has profound implications for our understanding of planetary formation and the conditions that made Earth habitable.Origins of Globular ClustersAstronomers are closer to solving the mystery of globular clusters, dense stellar systems that have puzzled scientists for centuries. Recent high-resolution computer simulations have revealed multiple pathways for their formation, suggesting that some may originate from satellite dwarf galaxies stripped of their outer stars during galactic mergers. This breakthrough could lead to new insights into dark matter and the formation of the universe's earliest stars.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesGeological Magazinehttps://www.tandfonline.com/journals/tgeo20Naturehttps://www.nature.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Supercontinent Breakup RevealedWater Activity on Asteroid RichieOrigins of Globular Clusters

In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking discoveries on Mars, the intriguing atmosphere of Makemake, and the awe-inspiring total lunar eclipse that captivated millions.Potential Biosignatures on MarsNASA scientists have revealed that samples collected by the Perseverance rover from Jezero Crater may hold the best chance yet of uncovering evidence of past microbial life. The samples, taken from the rock formation known as Chiava Falls, exhibit characteristics that could indicate potential biosignatures. These findings suggest that Mars may have been habitable for longer than previously thought, challenging earlier assumptions about the planet's history.Atmosphere Discovered on MakemakeIn a remarkable discovery, astronomers have detected indications of a methane gas atmosphere on the distant dwarf planet Makemake. This finding, made using NASA's Webb Space Telescope, suggests the presence of a tenuous atmosphere or possibly cryovolcanic activity. Makemake, which resides in the Kuiper Belt, is now only the second known trans-Neptunian object, after Pluto, to have confirmed gaseous presence, revealing its dynamic nature and potential for active geology.Total Lunar EclipseA stunning total lunar eclipse has mesmerised observers across Australia, Europe, Africa, and Asia. This celestial event transformed the full moon into a blood-red spectacle as Earth’s shadow obscured it. The eclipse lasted over five hours, showcasing the beauty of orbital mechanics and providing a thrilling experience for stargazers.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNaturehttps://www.nature.com/Astrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Potential Biosignatures on MarsAtmosphere Discovered on MakemakeTotal Lunar Eclipse

Sponsor Details:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Insta360. Capture your adventures with their latest game-changer, the GOUltra. For a special SpaceTime listener offer, visit store.insta360.com and use the promo code SPACETIME at checkout. Help support SpaceTime and get a great deal. Win/win!In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore fascinating insights into the origins of Earth's water, the launch of Israel's advanced spy satellite, and the development of a groundbreaking high-energy rocket fuel.About Earth's Water OriginsRecent findings suggest that the water in Comet 12P Pons-Brooks shares the same isotopic signature as Earth's oceans, bolstering the hypothesis that comets played a vital role in delivering water and essential ingredients for life to our planet. Observations from the Atacama Large Millimetre/Submillimeter Array telescope reveal that the deuterium to hydrogen ratio in the comet's water is remarkably similar to that found in Earth's oceans, providing compelling evidence that some Halley-type comets may have contributed to making Earth habitable.Israel's New Spy Satellite LaunchIsrael has successfully launched its Ofek 19 surveillance satellite to monitor terrorist activities across the Middle East. The satellite, equipped with advanced optical and radar systems, is designed to provide high-resolution imagery under various conditions. This launch comes amid ongoing tensions in the region, as Israel seeks to enhance its intelligence capabilities in response to recent attacks.Revolutionary High-Energy Rocket FuelScientists have synthesised a new high-energy compound, manganese diboride, which could revolutionise rocket fuel efficiency. This innovative fuel is over 20% more energetic by weight and 150% more energetic by volume than traditional aluminium-based fuels. The safety and efficiency of manganese diboride may significantly enhance payload capacities for space missions, paving the way for more ambitious exploration efforts.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/nature-astronomy/Journal of the American Chemical Societyhttps://pubs.acs.org/journal/jacsatBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Nigel About Earth's Water OriginsIsrael's New Spy Satellite LaunchRevolutionary High-Energy Rocket Fuel

Sponsor Details:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Insta360. Capture your adventures with their latest game-changer, the GOUltra. For a special SpaceTime listener offer, visit store.insta360.com and use the promo code SPACETIME at checkout. Help support SpaceTime and get a great deal. Win/win!In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into some astounding revelations in solar physics and planetary science, including the extreme temperatures of solar flares, new insights into the formation of Jupiter's core, and the tantalising possibility of life evolving on nearby exoplanets.Solar Flares Hotter Than Ever ImaginedRecent research has revealed that solar flares can reach temperatures exceeding 60 million degrees Celsius, a staggering six and a half times hotter than previously believed. This groundbreaking finding, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, may provide answers to a long-standing mystery regarding solar flare spectral lines. The study suggests that positively charged particles, or ions, are heated more intensely than electrons during these explosive events, leading to a significant revision of our understanding of solar flare dynamics.New Insights into Jupiter's Core FormationA new study challenges previous theories regarding the formation of Jupiter's core, suggesting that a giant impact may not be responsible for the planet's dilute core structure. Instead, it appears that Jupiter's core formed gradually through the absorption of heavy and light materials during its evolution. This revelation, supported by advanced computer simulations, indicates that the core does not have a distinct boundary but rather blends smoothly into the surrounding hydrogen layers, reshaping our understanding of gas giant formation.Could Life Thrive on Nearby Exoplanets?Exciting new research posits that life may be evolving right now on some of Earth's nearest exoplanets, despite the high levels of radiation they receive. Scientists have drawn parallels between the harsh conditions on these exoplanets and early Earth, where life first emerged amidst extreme ultraviolet radiation. This research highlights the potential for habitability on planets like Proxima b, igniting further interest in the search for extraterrestrial life.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasCornell Universityhttps://www.cornell.edu/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Solar Flares Hotter Than Ever ImaginedNew Insights into Jupiter's Core FormationCould Life Thrive on Nearby Exoplanets?

Sponsor Details:This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Insta360. Capture your adventures with their latest game-changer, the GOUltra. For a special SpaceTime listener offer, visit store.insta360.com and use the promo code SPACETIME at checkout. Help support SpaceTime and get a great deal. Win/win!In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries in planetary science and solar physics, including the remnants of ancient asteroids on Mars, the recovery of the Mother's Day meteorite, and new insights into solar energetic particles.Asteroid Remnants Found in Martian MantleA new study reveals that fragments from ancient asteroids, which significantly impacted Mars around 4.5 billion years ago, are now trapped within the planet's mantle. Data from NASA's Mars Insight lander has provided unprecedented insights into the Martian interior, showing that these remnants, some up to four kilometres wide, offer a unique glimpse into Mars' geological history. The findings suggest a sluggish evolution of the Martian mantle, contrasting sharply with Earth's dynamic tectonic processes.Mother's Day Meteorite DiscoveryIn an exciting expedition, scientists from Curtin University have successfully recovered a meteorite that lit up the skies over Western Australia on Mother's Day. Using the Desert Fireball Network, researchers pinpointed the meteor's landing site and undertook a challenging journey to retrieve samples. Preliminary analysis indicates that the meteorite is an ordinary chondrite, providing valuable insights into its origins and the solar system's history.Tracing Super Fast Electrons from the SunAstronomers have identified two distinct origins for energetic particles emitted by the Sun, thanks to observations from the European Space Agency's Solar Orbiter mission. The research highlights the difference between solar energetic electrons linked to solar flares and those associated with coronal mass ejections. Understanding these two types of solar energetic particles is crucial for predicting space weather and protecting satellites and astronauts from radiation hazards.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Curtin Universityhttps://www.curtin.edu.au/European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover some of the most exciting discoveries and developments in the universe, including the detection of the brightest fast radio burst ever observed, the New Horizons spacecraft's record-setting hibernation, and an innovative method for generating oxygen in space.Brightest Fast Radio Burst DetectedAstronomers have identified what is being hailed as the brightest fast radio burst (FRB) ever recorded. Catalogued as FRB 2025 0316A, this extraordinary flash of energy was detected 130 million light years away in the spiral galaxy NGC 4141. The burst's unprecedented brightness and proximity provide scientists with a unique opportunity to study its origins and the environment surrounding it, potentially shedding light on the enigmatic sources of these fleeting cosmic phenomena.New Horizons Enters Record HibernationNASA's New Horizons spacecraft has officially begun a record-setting hibernation period as it journeys through the Kuiper Belt, now over 9.2 billion kilometres from Earth. This hibernation will last until June 2026, surpassing its previous record of 273 days. Despite being in hibernation, the spacecraft will continue to collect valuable data on charged particles and dust in the outer heliosphere, which will be transmitted back to Earth upon reactivation.Revolutionary Oxygen Generation in SpaceIn a significant advancement for future space missions, scientists have developed a new method for generating oxygen in space using neodymium magnets to enhance the electrolysis process. This innovative approach simplifies the extraction of oxygen bubbles from water, potentially replacing complex systems currently used in microgravity environments. By leveraging magnetic forces, this technique could improve the efficiency and reliability of oxygen production for astronauts.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Nature Chemistryhttps://www.nature.com/nchem/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Brightest Fast Radio Burst DetectedNew Horizons Enters Record HibernationRevolutionary Oxygen Generation in Space

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest developments in space exploration, including the European Space Agency's Juice mission, NASA's Psyche spacecraft, and groundbreaking advancements in lunar resource utilization.Juice Mission Back on TrackThe European Space Agency's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer, Juice, is set for a critical flyby of Venus after overcoming a communications anomaly that temporarily severed contact with Earth. Engineers successfully restored communication with the spacecraft, which is now on its way to study Jupiter's Galilean moons—Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa—believed to harbor subsurface oceans that may support extraterrestrial life. The flyby will assist Juice in gaining the necessary speed for its journey to Jupiter, scheduled for arrival in 2031.Psyche Spacecraft CalibrationNASA's Psyche spacecraft, launched in 2023, has successfully calibrated its onboard cameras as it journeys toward the metal-rich asteroid of the same name. The spacecraft aims to unlock the secrets of planetary cores and will utilize its cameras to capture images of Psyche's surface when it arrives in 2029. The calibration process includes imaging Earth and Mars to ensure the instruments perform optimally for their scientific objectives.Creating Resources from Moon DustIn a significant breakthrough, scientists have developed a method to produce water, oxygen, and methane fuel using lunar regolith, sunlight, and carbon dioxide from astronauts' breath. This innovation could drastically reduce the cost of transporting supplies from Earth to the Moon, paving the way for sustainable lunar bases and expanded space exploration capabilities.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesEuropean Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Juice Mission Back on TrackPsyche Spacecraft CalibrationCreating Resources from Moon Dust

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into thrilling advancements in space exploration, including a remarkable test flight of SpaceX's Starship, groundbreaking insights into Mars, and a classified mission from the United States Space Force.Starship's Spectacular Test FlightAfter overcoming numerous challenges, SpaceX's Starship has successfully completed its 10th test flight, launching from Texas and splashing down in the Indian Ocean. This flight demonstrated the rocket's capabilities, including a controlled splashdown of the Super Heavy booster and the successful deployment of Starlink satellite simulators. The mission provided critical data on the vehicle's performance during reentry, including stress testing its heat shield.New Insights into MarsThe European Space Agency's Mars Express Orbiter has provided new observations of the Acheron Foci region, revealing the geological forces that have shaped the Red Planet. These findings highlight the impact of ancient geological upheaval and climatic shifts on Mars' landscape, offering clues about its past and the dynamic processes that continue to influence its environment today.Space Force's Secret Shuttle MissionThe United States Space Force has launched its 8th X37B space shuttle mission, utilizing a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. This classified mission aims to test next-generation technologies, including advanced laser communication systems and quantum sensors. The versatile X37B continues to serve as a platform for various operational demonstrations and experiments in space.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesEuropean Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This episode is brought to you by the support of Insta360 - the leaders and innovators in portable 360 Photography. And they have just released the all new UltraGo...the take anywhere camera. Get all the details by visiting store.insta360.com and use the promo code SPACETIME at checkout for our special listener offer. In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries and developments in the realm of astrophysics and space exploration.Rogue Planets and Their PotentialA fascinating new study reveals that giant free-floating planets, known as rogue planets, may have the ability to form their own miniature planetary systems independently of a host star. Observations from the Webb Space Telescope have identified young rogue planets with masses between 5 to 10 times that of Jupiter. These dim objects, which emit primarily in the infrared spectrum, are believed to hold secrets about the formation of planetary systems. The findings indicate that disks of warm dust surrounding these planets could provide the necessary materials for planet formation, suggesting that such systems could exist even in the absence of stars.Europe's Space Rider ProgressesThe European Space Agency's reusable Space Rider spacecraft has successfully completed a crucial test of its nose cone, marking another milestone in its development. This innovative spacecraft will allow ESA to conduct orbital missions and return scientific payloads to Earth. Designed to operate as an unmanned laboratory in low Earth orbit, Space Rider will support a variety of experiments and technology demonstrations, paving the way for Europe to enhance its capabilities in space exploration.Harvesting Solar Power from SpaceCould space-based solar panels be the solution to our energy needs? Scientists are investigating two promising projects aimed at capturing solar energy in orbit. The Innovative Heliostat Swarm aims to create a network of mirrors that direct sunlight to a central receiver, converting it into electricity for transmission back to Earth. Meanwhile, the Mature Planar Array is closer to deployment but will only capture solar energy about 60% of the time. Despite current challenges in cost-effectiveness, these projects could lead to breakthroughs in sustainable energy.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/Journal of Solar Energyhttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/solar-energyBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by Insta360's newest camera, the GoUltra. To get more details on this go anywhere camera, visit store.insta360.com and for our special offer use the code SPACETIME at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the mysteries lurking in the cosmos, from a rogue supermassive black hole to a meteorite crash in Georgia, and the origins of asteroids Bennu and Ryugu.An Invisible Monster in the CosmosAstronomers have made a chilling discovery of a supermassive black hole, 600 million light years away, that has been lurking in the darkness of space. Using NASA's Hubble and Chandra space telescopes, along with a Very Large Array radio telescope, researchers identified this rogue black hole that consumes stars and planets that venture too close. The black hole was revealed through a tidal disruption event, where a star was torn apart and swallowed, offering a glimpse into the physics of these cosmic behemoths.Meteorite Slams into Georgia HomeIn an extraordinary event, a meteorite crashed through a house in Atlanta, Georgia, on June 26, narrowly missing the homeowner. Witnessed by hundreds, the fireball streaked across the sky before fragments penetrated the roof and ceiling. Planetary geologist Scott Harris retrieved samples for analysis, revealing the meteorite's origins in the asteroid belt, dating back 4.56 billion years, and potentially linked to the breakup of a larger asteroid.Origins of Asteroids Bennu and RyuguRecent research suggests that both Bennu and Ryugu may share a common ancestry, originating from the same collisional family of asteroids known as Polana. Spectral data comparisons indicate similarities between these asteroids, supporting the hypothesis that they were formed from the remnants of a larger body that fragmented early in the solar system's history. This discovery opens new avenues for understanding the evolution of these near-Earth asteroids.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Planetary Science Journalhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/planetary-science-journalBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Insta360. Capture your adventures with their latest game-changer, the GoUltra. For a special offer, visit store.insta360.com and use the promo code SPACETIME at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore thrilling recent discoveries and events in the cosmos, including close encounters with asteroids, a newly discovered moon around Uranus, and the cosmic dance of dwarf galaxies.Earth Dodges Two Asteroid Near MissesPlanet Earth has narrowly avoided two asteroid near misses within days of each other. The first, asteroid 2025 PF2, zipped past at an altitude of just 22,000 kilometers, while the second, 2025 PU1, came even closer at 29,000 kilometers. Both asteroids, small yet significant, highlight the ongoing risks posed by near-Earth objects, with 2025 PU1 being particularly alarming as it was only detected hours after its closest approach.A New Moon for UranusAstronomers have identified a new moon orbiting Uranus, bringing the total number of known satellites to 26. Detected using NASA's Webb Space Telescope, this moon, estimated to be about 10 kilometers in diameter, eluded previous observations, including those from the Voyager 2 mission. Its discovery adds to the complexity of Uranus's moon system and raises questions about the chaotic history of its rings and satellites.Dancing Dwarf Galaxies and the Milky Way's FateA new study suggests that the fate of our Milky Way galaxy is intricately tied to the gravitational interactions with smaller dwarf galaxies as it approaches a merger with the Andromeda galaxy. By studying similar galactic systems, researchers aim to predict how these cosmic dances will influence the evolution of our galaxy over the next few billion years, providing insights into dark matter and cosmic structure.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasNASA's Webb Space Telescopehttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/webb/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into intriguing new research that challenges our understanding of Earth's climatic history, the discovery of a rare astronomical phenomenon, and China's advancements in lunar exploration.Did a Comet Trigger the Younger Dryas Cool Off?A groundbreaking study has emerged suggesting that a massive comet may have instigated Earth's Younger Dryas cool off event, traditionally attributed to glacial meltwater. Analysis of ocean sediments published in the journal PLOS One reveals geochemical clues that support the hypothesis of Earth encountering a disintegrating comet around 12,800 years ago. This event could have led to rapid cooling, with temperatures plummeting by approximately 10 degrees Celsius within a year. The findings indicate a potential link between comet dust and significant climate shifts, inviting further investigation into this captivating theory.Discovery of a Rare White Dwarf Merger RemnantAstronomers have identified an ultra-massive white dwarf star resulting from the merger of two stars, rather than the evolution of a single star. This discovery, made possible by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, suggests that such white dwarf mergers may be more common than previously thought. The object, catalogued as WD0525 526, is located 126 light years away and is about 20% more massive than our Sun. Hubble's ultraviolet observations revealed carbon in its atmosphere, a sign of its violent origin, challenging previous assumptions about white dwarf formation.China Tests Its New Manned Lunar LanderIn a significant milestone for lunar exploration, China has successfully conducted a test flight of its new manned lunar landing craft, named Lanyu. This test, which included a controlled landing and takeoff, marks a crucial step in China's ambitions to send taikonauts to the Moon by 2030. The Lanyu is designed to carry astronauts from lunar orbit to the surface and back, with plans for a permanent lunar base in collaboration with Russia in the early 2030s.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPLOS Onehttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/Nature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/NASA Hubble Space Telescopehttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest revelations from the cosmos, featuring the intriguing interstellar comet 3I Atlas, a groundbreaking theory about our place in the universe, and the safe return of SpaceX Crew 10.The Enigmatic Comet 3I AtlasAstronomers utilizing NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have captured the sharpest images yet of the interstellar comet 3I Atlas, revealing a solid icy nucleus estimated to measure between 320 meters and 5.6 kilometers in diameter. This comet, traveling at a staggering 209,000 kilometers per hour, is believed to have been journeying through interstellar space for approximately 7 billion years. Observations from multiple telescopes are enhancing our understanding of this ancient visitor, including its size, chemical makeup, and physical properties. With a dust plume and tail reminiscent of solar system comets, 3I Atlas offers a unique glimpse into the history of our galaxy as it approaches the sun.Earth's Position in a Cosmic VoidA new hypothesis suggests that Earth and the Milky Way may reside in a vast cosmic void rather than along a filament of the universe's cosmic web. This idea could help resolve the Hubble tension, a discrepancy in the rate of the universe's expansion. The study, presented at the Royal Astronomical Society's National Astronomy Conference, posits that our galaxy might be near the center of a local void, influencing the observed expansion rate of the universe. This intriguing concept challenges existing cosmological models and could reshape our understanding of cosmic structure.Safe Return of SpaceX Crew 10After five months aboard the International Space Station, SpaceX Crew 10 has safely returned to Earth. Their Dragon capsule splashed down in the North Pacific Ocean, marking the end of a mission that contributed to over 200 scientific experiments, ranging from plant growth studies to the effects of microgravity on human physiology. The crew's successful return paves the way for their replacements, Crew 11, to continue vital research in low Earth orbit.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://ras.ac.uk/NASA's Hubble Space Telescopehttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the latest astronomical marvels and pressing concerns in space science.The Cosmic Horseshoe: A Supermassive DiscoveryAstronomers have potentially identified the most massive supermassive black hole ever discovered, dubbed the Cosmic Horseshoe, which is estimated to be around 36 billion times the mass of our Sun. Located approximately 5 billion light years away, this colossal black hole distorts space-time and creates a stunning Einstein ring effect by gravitationally lensing light from distant galaxies. The measurement of its mass combines gravitational lensing and stellar kinematics, providing a rare glimpse into the formation and evolution of galaxies and their central black holes.Possible New Planet in the Alpha Centauri SystemExciting news emerges from the Alpha Centauri star system, where astronomers may have discovered a new planet orbiting Alpha Centauri A, the closest star system to our own at just 4.25 light years away. Using data from NASA's Webb Space Telescope, researchers suggest this Saturn-sized gas giant could be located in the habitable zone of a sun-like star. While the planet's gaseous nature may not support life, its proximity offers a unique opportunity to study planetary systems beyond our own, challenging existing theories on planet formation in binary star systems.The Satellite Proliferation DilemmaAs the number of satellites in Earth orbit continues to rise, astronomers are sounding alarms over the interference these satellites cause to vital scientific research. A study has highlighted the impact of Starlink's megaconstellation on radio astronomy, with significant radio emissions masking faint signals from the universe. This growing concern emphasizes the need for regulatory measures to mitigate interference and protect the integrity of astronomical observations.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Astronomy and Astrophysics Journalhttps://www.aanda.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we journey through the latest advancements in space exploration and cosmology, featuring a groundbreaking radar mission, a new hypothesis on the universe's origins, and updates on the International Space Station.NISAR: A New Era in Earth ObservationThe Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched the NISAR satellite, a joint mission with NASA that promises to revolutionise our understanding of Earth's dynamic systems. This advanced synthetic aperture radar satellite will monitor changes in forests, wetlands, and ice-covered surfaces with unprecedented detail, providing crucial data for disaster response, infrastructure management, and climate change studies. With its ability to see through clouds and operate day and night, NISAR will deliver vital insights into the planet's movements and environmental changes every 12 days, enhancing our preparedness for natural hazards.A New Hypothesis on the Universe's OriginsIn a significant shift in cosmological theory, scientists have proposed a new model that explains the universe's early moments without relying on speculative elements. This revolutionary hypothesis, reported in the journal Physical Review Research, suggests that natural quantum fluctuations in a state known as de Sitter space could account for the density differences that led to the formation of galaxies and stars. By eliminating arbitrary parameters, this model offers a clearer understanding of the cosmos and poses fundamental questions about our existence and origins.Russia's Commitment to the International Space StationIn a surprising announcement, Russia has confirmed its intention to remain a partner in the International Space Station (ISS) project until at least 2028, despite previous threats to withdraw. This decision comes amid ongoing geopolitical tensions and technical challenges within the Russian segment of the ISS. As the global space community continues to evolve, Russia's commitment ensures continued collaboration in low Earth orbit, even as plans for an independent Russian space station progress.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Researchhttps://journals.aps.org/prresearch/NASA NISAR Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/nisarBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the cosmic drama unfolding in our universe, featuring a doomed exoplanet, new revelations about Mars, and the latest crew aboard the International Space Station.The Death Spiral of TOI 2109bAstronomers are closely monitoring the death spiral of TOI 2109b, an exoplanet located over 870 light-years away. This gas giant, nearly five times the mass of Jupiter, completes an orbit around its host star in just 16 hours, making it the closest hot Jupiter discovered to date. Researchers from Macquarie University have found that the planet's orbit is decaying, leading to three potential end scenarios: being torn apart by tidal forces, plunging into its host star, or losing its gaseous envelope to intense radiation. These findings provide valuable insights into planetary evolution and the fate of gas giants in close orbits.New Insights into Mars's Ancient SurfaceA recent study has identified a new type of iron sulfate on Mars, suggesting significant geothermal and chemical activity on the planet's surface. Researchers have characterized this uncommon mineral, which may represent a new type due to its unique crystalline structure. The discovery sheds light on how heat, water, and chemical reactions have shaped Mars, and indicates that the planet may have been more geologically active than previously thought. This research enhances our understanding of Mars's potential to have supported life in its past.New Crew Arrives at the International Space StationNASA has successfully delivered a new crew to the International Space Station aboard a SpaceX Dragon capsule. The crew, consisting of two Americans, a Russian, and a Japanese astronaut, will replace colleagues who have been aboard since March. As NASA considers extending crew stays from six to eight months to reduce costs, the new team is set to contribute to ongoing research and operations in low Earth orbit.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357Nature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/nature/NASA's International Space Stationhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 97 for broadcast on 13 August 202500:42 Astronomers are tracking the death spiral of a doomed planet more than 870 light years away12:06 ToI 2109 is one of the most interesting systems that we've got17:06 Scientists have identified a new type of iron sulfate on the Red Planet23:47 NASA has delivered four new crew members to the International Space Station aboard SpaceX Dragon25:10 New study claims consuming three fries a week increases risk of developing type 2 diabetes26:13 Google about to offer AI study tools to college students for free29:53 You've got to check for updates on all your Apple devices

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries and ambitious plans in the realm of space exploration.The Most Distant Black Hole: Casper's Lidz 9Astronomers have identified the most distant black hole ever observed, known as Casper's Lidz 9, dating back 13.3 billion years to a time when the universe was only half a billion years old. This supermassive black hole, weighing in at approximately 300 million solar masses, raises intriguing questions about its rapid growth in the early universe. The findings, published in the Astrophysical Journal, provide a unique opportunity to study the structure and evolution of galaxies during this enigmatic period, with implications for our understanding of black hole formation.New Insights into Ancient Martian WaterRecent research suggests that Mars was even wetter than previously believed. A study presented at the Royal Astronomical Society's national meeting examined over 1500 kilometres of ancient riverbeds in the Nochesterra region, indicating that flowing water was widespread during the Noche and Hesperian transition around 3.7 billion years ago. These findings challenge existing theories about Mars's dry history and suggest a more complex and active planet, potentially providing a more hospitable environment for ancient life.Nuclear Reactors for Moon and Mars BasesThe United States has unveiled plans to develop nuclear reactors to power future bases on the Moon and Mars, with the first plant expected to launch by the end of the decade. This initiative aims to support sustained human presence on these celestial bodies, addressing energy needs that solar power cannot fulfil. The reactors will provide essential electricity for life support, scientific equipment, and resource utilisation, marking a significant step in the ongoing space race.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA's Artemis Programhttps://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover intriguing discoveries about Mars, the cosmos, and the latest advancements in space technology.Martian Glaciers: Pure Water IceRecent research reveals that Martian glaciers are composed of over 80% pure water ice, challenging previous assumptions that they were primarily rocky. This groundbreaking study, led by Yuval Steinberg from the Weizmann Institute, utilized standardized measurements to analyze the dielectric properties of these glaciers, providing a clearer understanding of their composition. The findings not only enhance our knowledge of Martian geology but also have significant implications for future manned missions, as these glaciers could serve as vital water sources for astronauts.Discovery of an Intermediate Mass Black HoleNASA's Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra X-Ray Observatory have identified a rare intermediate mass black hole, known as NGC6099HLX1, actively consuming a star. This black hole, located approximately 450 million light-years away, resides in a compact star cluster and exhibits extreme luminosity during its tidal disruption event. The discovery sheds light on the formation of black holes and their role in galactic evolution, providing crucial insights into the elusive intermediate mass category that bridges stellar and supermassive black holes.United States Space Force's X37B MissionThe United States Space Force is gearing up for the eighth mission of its Boeing X37B space shuttle, set to launch from Cape Canaveral Space Force Base. This mission will test advanced technologies, including a high-bandwidth inter-satellite laser communications system and a cutting-edge quantum inertial sensor. The X37B's unique capabilities allow it to conduct classified operations while remaining difficult to track, highlighting its significance in modern space operations.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesIcarus Journalhttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/icarusAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA Hubble Space Telescopehttps://hubblesite.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore exciting new findings about our galaxy, the latest achievements of NASA's Mars Curiosity rover, and groundbreaking images of the Sun captured by the Parker Solar Probe.Milky Way's Hidden SatellitesRecent research suggests that the Milky Way may host up to 100 previously undetected satellite galaxies. Using advanced supercomputer simulations and mathematical modeling, astronomers have identified the existence of these faint dwarf galaxies, which could provide crucial support for the Lambda cold dark matter model. Currently, only 60 companion galaxies are confirmed, but with new telescopes like the Vera Rubin Observatory, the search for these elusive satellites is set to expand, potentially reshaping our understanding of the universe's structure.Curiosity Rover Reaches New HeightsNASA's Mars Curiosity rover has made significant progress in its exploration of Mount Sharp, revealing intricate geological formations known as boxwork. This unique terrain, shaped by ancient groundwater processes, offers valuable insights into the Red Planet's history. Curiosity has been utilizing its advanced instruments to analyze the composition of the Martian surface and conduct atmospheric observations, marking a new phase in its mission to uncover the secrets of Mars.Parker Solar Probe's Record-Breaking ImagesIn a groundbreaking achievement, NASA's Parker Solar Probe has captured the closest images of the Sun ever taken. These stunning observations, made during a recent pass through the solar corona, are helping scientists understand solar phenomena and their impact on space weather. The high-resolution images reveal important details about the solar wind and coronal mass ejections, providing insights that could improve predictions of solar activity and protect technology on Earth.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/NASA Mars Curiosity Missionhttps://mars.nasa.gov/msl/Parker Solar Probehttps://www.nasa.gov/content/parker-solar-probeBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 New study says Milky Way could have far more satellite galaxies than previously thought00:47 Our Milky Way galaxy could have more satellite galaxies surrounding it than previously predicted05:37 NASA's Mars Curiosity rover reaches new heights exploring boxwork terrain on Mount Sharp09:08 NASA's Parker Solar Probe captured stunning new images of the solar atmosphere18:40 A new study warns that hail storms could hit Australian cities harder due to climate change

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into significant developments in space exploration, from Australia's latest rocket launch attempt to groundbreaking theories about the origins of life.Australia's ERIS 1 Rocket Launch: A Learning ExperienceIn a dramatic turn of events, Gilmour Space's ERIS 1 rocket experienced a failure just seconds after liftoff, marking Australia's first orbital rocket launch in years. Despite the setback, CEO Adam Gilmour emphasizes the lessons learned from the test flight, which will inform the design and operation of future launches. The rocket's ascent was initially promising, but engine failures led to a crash shortly after clearing the launch tower. Fortunately, no injuries or environmental damage occurred, and the mission provided valuable data that will enhance the next attempt.Life's Origins: A Cosmic PerspectiveA new study suggests that the building blocks of life may have originated in outer space rather than on Earth. Using the ALMA radio telescope, astronomers detected complex organic molecules in the protoplanetary disk of the protostar UH V883 Orionis. These findings indicate that essential compounds, such as ethylene glycol and glycolonitrile, are not only present in various cosmic environments but may also be the precursors to amino acids and other vital biological components. This research supports the notion that the seeds of life are widespread throughout the universe.Boeing's Starliner Delays ContinueBoeing's Starliner spacecraft faces further delays, now pushed back to at least 2026 before it can carry humans into space. Ongoing technical issues have plagued the project, including helium leaks and thruster control problems. NASA is working closely with Boeing to address these challenges, but the timeline for crewed missions remains uncertain as SpaceX continues to lead in transporting astronauts to the International Space Station.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA's Commercial Crew Programhttps://www.nasa.gov/exploration/commercial/crew/index.htmlGilmour Spacehttps://gilmourspace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 A new study says the evolution of life may well have origins in outer space00:47 Gilmour Space's Ares 1 orbital rocket crashed two seconds after launch10:37 A new study says the evolution of life may have origins in outer space11:28 Astronomers find 17 complex organic molecules in distant planet forming disk19:35 New study finds images can shape public opinion regardless of true facts22:06 World Meteorological Organization says megaflash stretched 829km in 2017

In this episode of SpaceTime, we embark on a thrilling journey through the cosmos, exploring the potential for life on Mars, a remarkable discovery in the outer solar system, and the crucial mapping of sulfur throughout our galaxy.Searching for Life on MarsA new study reveals that thick layers of clay on Mars could indicate stable environments conducive to life billions of years ago. Researchers have identified that these clay deposits likely formed in standing bodies of water, providing the right conditions for chemical weathering and potentially supporting ancient life. The findings suggest that the balance between water and carbon cycles on Mars may explain the planet's geological history and the absence of carbonate rocks. Lead author Rhianna Moore discusses how these stable terrains could have fostered habitable conditions for extended periods, offering insights into the Red Planet's wet past.Discovery of 2020 VN40: A Distant Cosmic CompanionAstronomers have discovered a rare celestial body, 2020 VN40, located far beyond Neptune, moving in perfect synchronicity with the ice giant. This trans-Neptunian object orbits the sun once for every ten orbits Neptune completes, providing new insights into the dynamics of the outer solar system. The discovery, reported in the Planetary Science journal, enhances our understanding of how distant objects interact with Neptune's gravity and offers clues about the solar system's evolution.Mapping Sulfur in the Milky WayA groundbreaking study has mapped the distribution of sulfur across the Milky Way, an essential element for life. Utilizing the CRISM X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy mission, scientists have directly measured sulfur in both its gaseous and solid forms within the interstellar medium. The findings shed light on sulfur's role in the cosmos and its potential implications for understanding life's distribution throughout the galaxy. This research marks a significant step in answering fundamental questions about the building blocks of life in the universe.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Planetary Science Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2632-3338CRISM Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/overview/crism.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking revelations about dark energy, lunar geology, and Europe's innovative space weather monitoring initiative.Dark Energy: A Changing Force?Astronomers have compiled the largest supernova dataset to date, revealing tantalizing hints that dark energy may not be a constant force in the universe. This research, led by the International Supernova Cosmology Project, analyzes over 2,000 Type 1A supernovae to explore the evolving nature of dark energy, which currently comprises nearly 70% of the universe's mass-energy content. The findings suggest that if dark energy is weakening, it could significantly impact the universe's expansion and ultimate fate, challenging existing models and sparking excitement in the astrophysics community.New Insights into Lunar MagmaA recent study analyzing samples from China's Chang' e 5 mission indicates that molten magma may have persisted on the Moon's surface much longer than previously believed. Researchers, led by Stephen Alado, utilized radioactive dating to reveal that volcanic activity on the lunar far side could have continued for billions of years, contradicting earlier theories about the Moon's cooling process. This new understanding of lunar geology offers valuable insights into the Moon's evolution and the processes that shape celestial bodies.Europe's Space Weather Early Warning SystemThe European Space Agency is set to launch Vigil, a pioneering space weather probe, in 2031. Positioned at the Lagrangian L5 point, Vigil will provide unprecedented monitoring of solar activity, allowing for early warnings of solar storms that could disrupt communication systems and power grids on Earth. This mission aims to enhance our ability to predict and mitigate the impacts of space weather on modern infrastructure, marking a significant advancement in global space safety efforts.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357Science Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvESA Vigil Missionhttps://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Space_Weather/VigilBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the depths of cosmic mysteries and groundbreaking discoveries, including the enigmatic Long Period Transient and the stellar companion of Betelgeuse, alongside exciting findings from Mars.Unraveling the Long Period TransientAstronomers have uncovered a new cosmic phenomenon, ASCAP J1832-0911, which emits both radio and X-ray pulses every 44 minutes for just two minutes at a time. This first-ever detection of a Long Period Transient has left scientists puzzled about its nature and origins. Lead author Dr Andy Wang from Curtin University discusses the potential theories, including the possibility of a magnetar or a binary star system, while emphasizing the need for further observations to unravel this cosmic mystery.Betelgeuse's Stellar CompanionIn a remarkable discovery, astronomers have identified a stellar companion orbiting the red supergiant Betelgeuse. This pre-main sequence star, approximately one and a half times the mass of the Sun, resides within Betelgeuse's outer atmosphere. As Betelgeuse approaches the end of its life, this companion is also on a collision course with destiny, likely spiraling into Betelgeuse within the next 10,000 years. This finding could shed light on the periodic brightness changes observed in similar red supergiant stars.Mars Perseverance Rover's New DiscoveriesNASA's Perseverance Rover continues its exploration of Jezero Crater, uncovering unusual rock formations that may reveal significant geological history. The rover is investigating an intriguing contact area where clay-bearing units meet olivine-rich rocks, potentially preserving evidence of ancient intrusive processes. Despite challenges in studying these formations, mission managers remain determined to unlock the secrets they hold about Mars' past.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA's Perseverance Rover Missionhttps://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 Space Time series 28 episode 90 for broadcast on 28 July 202500:47 Long Period Transient emitting radio and X ray pulses every 44 minutes07:48 Astronomers have discovered what appears to be a companion star in binary orbit12:30 NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover is continuing its exploration of Jetro Crater15:00 New study links early smartphone use to poorer mental health later in life17:39 There are new reports of Bigfoot activity in the Pacific Northwest state of Washington

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest cosmic revelations, including the astonishing discovery of an ancient interstellar comet, the intricate workings of a rare pulsar, and the safe return of the Axiom 4 crew from their mission.Ancient Interstellar Comet 3I/AtlasAstronomers have unveiled that the newly discovered interstellar object, 3I/Atlas, could be the oldest comet ever observed, potentially predating our solar system by over 3 billion years. This water-rich visitor, detected by NASA's ATLAS survey, is only the third known object from beyond our solar system to reach us. A study by Matthew Hopkins from Oxford University suggests that 3I/Atlas may be more than 7 billion years old, offering a glimpse into a part of the Milky Way previously unseen. As it approaches the sun, its activity is expected to increase, revealing more about its composition and the role ancient comets play in star and planetary formation.Unraveling the Mysteries of a Rare PulsarIn another exciting development, astronomers have made significant strides in understanding a unique pulsar system, PSRJ 1023 0038. This transitional millisecond pulsar, which interacts with a lower mass stellar companion, has been studied using data from NASA's Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). The findings suggest that the X-ray emissions originate from the pulsar wind rather than the accretion disk, challenging existing models and providing new insights into neutron star behavior and particle acceleration.Axiom Space AX4 Crew ReturnsThe Axiom Space AX4 crew has successfully splashed down in the North Pacific Ocean after nearly three weeks aboard the International Space Station. This mission, part of NASA's efforts to promote commercial activities in space, included a diverse crew and numerous scientific experiments. With the return of the AX4 crew, preparations are underway for NASA's upcoming Crew 11 mission, further expanding humanity's presence in low Earth orbit.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357Journal of the American Medical Associationhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 New interstellar object 3I/Atlas may be older than our solar system06:44 Foreign astronomers have discovered new evidence Explaining how pulsing remnants interact in space14:09 Private company Axiom Space's AX4 crew return safely to Earth16:06 Having a higher body mass index from early childhood and adolescence is linked to aging17:32 New study looked at which over the counter medicines are good at treating depression18:43 Brazilian psychic issues chilling warning about dangers posed by artificial intelligence

This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Incognai - when your online privacy matters, Incogni's the service you need. Check out our special discount deal by visiting www.incogni.com/stuartgaryIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into groundbreaking discoveries that reveal the impact of human activity on Earth, explore a new celestial body beyond Pluto, and prepare for Japan's upcoming Martian moon mission.Human Development and Earth's Polar ShiftA recent study published in Geophysical Research Letters has confirmed that human development has caused a significant shift in Earth's spin axis. By constructing nearly 7,000 dams between 1835 and 2011, humans have redistributed the planet's mass, resulting in a total pole shift of about 1.13 meters. Lead author Natasha Valencic explains how this shift not only affects Earth's rotation but also contributes to a global drop in sea levels. The findings underscore the importance of considering water impoundment in future sea level rise calculations.Discovery of a World Beyond PlutoAstronomers have identified a small celestial object, designated 2023 KQ14, located beyond Pluto, potentially challenging the existence of the elusive Planet Nine. This discovery, detailed in Nature Astronomy, suggests that the outer solar system is more diverse than previously thought. With a stable orbit for over 4.5 billion years, 2023 KQ14's peculiar trajectory raises questions about the formation and evolution of distant solar system bodies, as well as the dynamics of gravitational influences in this remote region.Japan's Martian Moon Sample Return MissionJapan's aerospace exploration agency JAXA is set to launch the Martian Moons Exploration Mission (MMX) in 2026. This ambitious mission aims to land on Phobos, collect samples, and return them to Earth by 2031. The spacecraft will also conduct a flyby of Deimos while gathering crucial data to determine the origins of Mars' moons. With advanced scientific instruments onboard, the mission seeks to unravel the mysteries surrounding these small, potato-shaped moons and their relationship to the Red Planet's history.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesGeophysical Research Lettershttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007Nature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we tackle some of the most profound questions in science, including the mystery of why the universe exists, the potential for liquid water on Mars, and the birth of a new solar system.Unraveling the Mystery of the UniverseScientists have made significant strides in understanding the fundamental differences between matter and antimatter, a question that has puzzled humanity since the dawn of physics. The LHCB collaboration at CERN has provided compelling evidence of a mirror-like asymmetry in how baryons behave compared to their antimatter counterparts. This breakthrough could shed light on why our universe is predominantly composed of matter, despite the equal creation of matter and antimatter during the Big Bang. We delve into the implications of this discovery and its potential to unlock the secrets of the universe's existence.Liquid Water on Mars: A New PossibilityA groundbreaking study suggests that liquid brines may form on the Martian surface, challenging the long-held belief that Mars is devoid of liquid water. Lead researcher Vincent Chevrea from the University of Arkansas discusses how meteorological data and advanced computer modeling indicate that brines could develop during specific seasonal windows. This finding opens new avenues for the search for life on Mars and highlights the importance of targeting these periods for future exploration.Witnessing the Dawn of a New Solar SystemAstronomers have made an unprecedented observation of a new solar system forming around the protostar HOPS 315, located 1300 light-years away. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA), researchers have identified the very first specks of planet-forming material, marking a significant milestone in our understanding of solar system formation. This discovery not only provides insight into the processes that shaped our own solar system 4.6 billion years ago but also offers a unique opportunity to study planetary formation in real-time.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/natureJournal of Communications Earth and Environmenthttps://www.nature.com/commsenvBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest discoveries in lunar geology, the intriguing concept of dark dwarves, and the stunning features of the Carina Nebula.The Youngest Basaltic Lunar MeteoriteScientists have uncovered a 2.35 billion-year-old lunar meteorite, Northwest Africa 16286, which fills a significant gap in our understanding of the Moon's volcanic history. This meteorite, distinct in its chemical profile, suggests that volcanic activity on the Moon persisted longer than previously thought, unveiling new insights into its internal heat generation processes. Lead author Joshua Snape from the University of Manchester explains how this rare sample enhances our knowledge of lunar geology without the costs associated with space missions.Hypothetical Dark Dwarfs and Dark MatterA new study proposes the existence of hypothetical objects called dark dwarves, which could help unravel the mystery of dark matter—an invisible substance that constitutes approximately 80% of the universe's mass. Researchers suggest that these low-mass objects could interact with dark matter in ways that produce observable effects, providing a potential pathway to understand this elusive component of the cosmos. The study highlights the importance of identifying markers, such as lithium-7, to confirm the existence of dark dwarfs and advance our understanding of dark matter.Adaptive Optics and the Carina NebulaUsing adaptive optics, astronomers have achieved unprecedented clarity in imaging the western wall of the Carina Nebula, revealing intricate structures previously hidden by dust and gas. This breakthrough allows for a deeper investigation into star formation processes in this massive stellar nursery. The enhanced images showcase how massive young stars influence their surroundings and contribute to the cycle of stellar life, offering a glimpse into the conditions that may have shaped our own solar system.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physicshttps://www.journalofcosmology.com/Nature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/natureBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 00:49 04:51 09:17 15:16 17:08

In this episode of SpaceTime, we unlock the secrets of the Moon's far side, explore the Sun's helicity barrier, and discuss the European Space Agency's advancements in orbital launch vehicles.Extended Volcanism on the Moon's Far SideRecent findings reveal that the Moon's far side has experienced extended volcanism for at least 1.4 billion years, with two significant volcanic phases occurring around 4.2 and 2.8 billion years ago. This research, stemming from samples collected by China's Chang' E6 mission, provides insights into the Moon's geological history and the asymmetry between its near and far sides. The study highlights the role of colossal impacts in shaping the Moon's interior and suggests uneven distribution of volatile elements.Discovery of the Sun's Helicity BarrierA groundbreaking study has identified a region of the Sun known as the helicity barrier, which plays a crucial role in heating and accelerating the solar wind. Observations from NASA's Parker Solar Probe have confirmed the existence of this barrier, providing insights into the mechanisms of turbulent dissipation and coronal heating. This discovery helps explain temperature anomalies in the solar atmosphere and enhances our understanding of space weather events that impact Earth.European Space Agency's Launch Vehicle DevelopmentsThe European Space Agency has narrowed its list of potential candidates for future orbital launch vehicles. The selected companies will receive funding to develop their systems, aiming to increase competition and choice in European launch services. This initiative mirrors efforts by NASA in the U.S. to foster a diverse range of commercial launch providers, enhancing capabilities for future space missions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/naturePhysical Reviewhttps://journals.aps.org/pr/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

Sponsor DetailsThis episode is brought to you with the support of NordVPN...our official VPN partners. To grab your heavily discounted price, plus special offer with 30-day moneyback guarantee, head over to www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary and use the coupon coded STUARTGARY at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore some fascinating recent developments in our understanding of Earth and beyond.Earth Experiences Its Shortest DayOn July 9, Earth recorded one of its shortest days, with a rotation 1.51 milliseconds shorter than the average. We discuss how various factors, including gravitational influences from the Moon and Sun, tectonic movements, and even human activities, affect Earth's rotation. This episode also highlights the implications of these changes on our timekeeping systems and the necessity of leap seconds to maintain accuracy in clocks and navigation systems.Gilmour Space's Ares 1 Rocket Launch PreparationsGilmour Space is gearing up for the maiden test flight of its Ares 1 orbital rocket after previous launch attempts were postponed due to technical glitches and weather conditions. We delve into the rocket's design, which includes a unique hybrid propulsion system, and discuss the significance of this launch as Australia’s first all-Australian designed and built launch vehicle since the 1970s.Revising Earth's Geological TimelineA groundbreaking study suggests that Earth's first solid crust formed from a magma ocean around 4.5 billion years ago, shortly after a massive impact event that created the Moon. This research challenges long-held beliefs about the formation of continents and the onset of plate tectonics, indicating that the chemical signatures of continental crust may have originated much earlier than previously thought. We explore the implications of this study for our understanding of Earth's early geological history and the evolution of life.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/natureNASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by NordVPN....our official VPN partner. To get your special SpaceTime listener offer, simply visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary. You'll be glad you did...and remember, our special offer comes with a 30 day  money back guarantee...so there's nothing to lose. In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into groundbreaking research that sheds light on Earth's ancient history, the formation of hot Jupiters, and the enigmatic climate of Mars.Earth's Oldest Rocks Confirmed in Northern CanadaA recent study published in the journal Science confirms that the oldest rocks on Earth are located in northern Quebec, Canada, dating back 4.16 billion years. Lead author Jonathan Nally. from the University of Ottawa explains how this discovery provides a unique window into the Hadean Eon, offering insights into the early Earth's environment and the formation of its first continents. While the Jack Hills Range in Australia holds the oldest material of terrestrial origin, these Canadian rocks are pivotal in understanding Earth's formative years.New Insights into Hot Jupiter FormationWe explore the intriguing case of CI Tau B, a hot Jupiter that orbits a young star just 450 light-years away. Researchers from Rice University and Lowell Observatory have utilized advanced spectroscopic techniques to analyze the planet's mass and brightness, revealing that it formed through a hot start mechanism rather than traditional models. This study provides a critical benchmark for understanding how giant planets can form rapidly in close proximity to their stars, challenging long-held assumptions in planetary science.Was Mars Always Doomed to be a Desert?A new hypothesis from the University of Chicago suggests that Mars was never meant to remain a warm, habitable planet. The study indicates that the planet's past liquid water periods were likely short-lived, driven by the Sun's gradual brightening. Unlike Earth, which has maintained its habitability, Mars appears to self-regulate towards desert conditions, raising questions about the mechanisms that have led to its current frozen state. The findings, published in Nature, build on previous discoveries by NASA's Curiosity rover and could reshape our understanding of Martian climate history.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Journalhttps://www.sciencemag.org/Astrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357Nature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/natureBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore some of the most exciting recent discoveries in astronomy, including the largest Oort Cloud comet ever observed and remarkable achievements from NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover.Comet C/2014 UN271 Bernardinelli-Bernstein: A Giant from the Oort CloudAstronomers have made a groundbreaking discovery by detecting molecular activity in Comet C/2014 UN271 Bernardinelli-Bernstein, the largest and most distant active comet ever observed. Originating from the Oort Cloud, this colossal comet measures nearly 140 km across, revealing complex jets of carbon monoxide gas and providing insight into its behavior far from the Sun. Observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile have confirmed its status as the largest known Oort Cloud comet, offering a rare glimpse into the chemistry and dynamics of these distant celestial objects.Nasa's Perseverance Rover Sets New Distance RecordNASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has achieved a new milestone, traveling 411 meters in a single autonomous drive while exploring the Jezero Crater. This episode highlights the rover's innovative AUTONAV self-driving system and its 30th Abrasion Study of a Martian rock named Kenmore. The findings reveal significant mineral compositions, including clay minerals, iron, and magnesium, enhancing our understanding of Mars' geological history and potential past habitability.Exoplanets Triggering Stellar FlaresAstronomers have discovered that certain exoplanets in close orbits around their host stars can trigger powerful stellar flares, leading to atmospheric erosion over time. This groundbreaking finding, reported in the journal Nature, demonstrates the interaction between planets and their stars in a way never before observed. The study, conducted using the European Space Agency's CHEOPS spacecraft, reveals that these energetic flares can significantly impact the evolution of the orbiting planets, providing new insights into the dynamics of stellar systems.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357NASA Perseverance Roverhttps://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/Nature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/natureBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the latest astronomical discoveries and the implications for future space exploration.New Interstellar Visitor: Comet 3I AtlasAstronomers have identified a new interstellar object, designated 3I Atlas, which is currently traversing our solar system. Discovered by NASA's ATLAS telescope in Chile, this comet is approximately 670 million kilometers away and poses no threat to Earth, as it will pass at a safe distance of 240 million kilometers. With a velocity exceeding 51 kilometers per second, 3I Atlas is only the third confirmed interstellar visitor, following the enigmatic Oumuamua and the more familiar comet 2I/Borisov. As observations continue, scientists are eager to learn more about its origins and characteristics.China's Ambitious Mars Sample Return MissionSpeculation is mounting that China may outpace the U.S. and Europe in the race to return the first samples from Mars. The recently announced Tianwen 3 mission aims to collect Martian samples and bring them back to Earth for detailed analysis, potentially revealing whether life ever existed on the Red Planet. This mission follows China's successful deployment of the Zhurong rover and highlights the ongoing competition in space exploration. Scientists will need to target specific locations on Mars to collect samples that could provide insights into the planet's past habitability.Vera C Rubin Observatory's Stunning First ImagesAstronomers are thrilled by the first images released by the Vera C Rubin Observatory, which features an 8.4-meter telescope and a 3,200-megapixel camera. This observatory is set to conduct the world's largest sky survey over the next decade, generating an astonishing 20 terabytes of data each night. The Legacy Survey of Space and Time will provide unprecedented insights into cosmic phenomena, including asteroids, supernovae, and the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy. Australian astronomers are collaborating in this global effort, processing and analyzing the vast amounts of data generated.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA ATLAShttps://www.nasa.gov/China's Tianwen 3 Missionhttps://www.space.com/china-mars-sample-return-tianwen-3Vera C Rubin Observatoryhttps://www.lsst.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover remarkable insights into Mars, Mercury, and the latest developments in space exploration.Hidden Martian Volcano: Jezero MonsScientists have identified a previously overlooked volcano, Jezero Mons, located on the rim of Jezero Crater, where NASA's Perseverance rover is actively collecting samples. This discovery could provide vital clues about Mars' volcanic history and habitability, suggesting that the region may have supported life due to the interplay of volcanic heat and water. The findings, published in Communications Earth and Environment, highlight the need for further exploration of Mars' geology, as volcanism plays a crucial role in understanding the planet's past.Tidal Forces Shaping Mercury's CliffsA new study published in Geophysical Research Planets proposes that tidal forces from the Sun may have contributed to the deformation of Mercury's towering cliffs. Traditionally attributed to cooling and contraction, this research indicates that the planet's unique orbital dynamics could also influence its geological features. The BepiColombo mission, scheduled to arrive at Mercury next year, aims to gather data that could validate these findings and enhance our understanding of the planet's evolution over billions of years.Axiom Space's AX4 Mission Arrives at the ISSThe Axiom Space AX4 mission has successfully docked at the International Space Station for a 14-day stay. This mission, featuring a diverse international crew, aims to conduct over 60 scientific and commercial experiments, furthering Axiom's goal of establishing a private space station in low Earth orbit. Despite facing multiple delays, the mission underscores the growing role of private companies in space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesCommunications Earth and Environmenthttps://www.nature.com/commsenv/Geophysical Research Planetshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/24701343Axiom Spacehttps://www.axiomspace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This e[pisode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of NordVPN, SpacTime's official VPN service. And have we got a great offer for you, with a 30 Day Money-Back guarantee! To check out the details vist nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use the coupon code STUARTGARY at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest discoveries and research that are reshaping our understanding of Mars and the effects of solar activity on planetary climates.Curiosity Rover's New Martian Rock SamplesNASA's Mars Curiosity rover has drilled into a new region of Martian rock, revealing intriguing features that may provide insights into whether the planet ever had conditions suitable for life. The rover's findings include unique boxwork patterns formed by groundwater, suggesting that even as Mars dried up, water was still present below the surface. As Curiosity ascends Mount Sharp, scientists are eager to understand the implications of these patterns and the mineral cements involved, which may hold clues to Mars' climatic history and the potential for ancient microbial life.Solar Flares and Weather PatternsA groundbreaking study published in the Astronomical Journal has uncovered a connection between solar flares and short-term changes in weather patterns on exoplanets. Researchers found that flares from a planet's host star can cause measurable climate shifts within days, highlighting the importance of solar activity in modulating atmospheric behavior. This research not only enhances our understanding of exoplanet habitability but also suggests that solar variability may influence weather systems on Earth, particularly in volatile regions.Nasa's In-Flight Imagery ProjectNASA's Scientifically Calibrated in Flight Imagery (SCIFLI) team is set to gather vital data during the reentry of a European aerospace company's demonstration capsule. Utilizing advanced instruments, including a spectrometer and high-definition telescope, SCIFLI aims to capture real-time performance data that will refine computational models for future space missions. This mission highlights the importance of empirical data in enhancing safety and performance for crewed and robotic space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-3881NASA Curiosity Roverhttps://mars.nasa.gov/msl/NASA SCIFLI Teamhttps://www.nasa.gov/langley/scifliBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This episode is brought to you by NordVPN. Get up to 76% off NordVPN, enjoy 4 extra months free, and receive an Amazon gift card—plus a 30-day money-back guarantee. Visit nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use code STUARTGARY at checkout.Parker Solar Probe's Historic Close Approach to the SunNASA's Parker Solar Probe has achieved a remarkable milestone, completing its 24th close flyby of the Sun at a record distance of just 6.2 million kilometers from the solar surface. During this encounter, the probe reached speeds of 687,000 kilometers per hour, gathering invaluable data on solar wind and solar activity as the Sun approaches its solar maximum. The mission aims to deepen our understanding of the Sun's behavior and its impact on space weather, which can affect technology and human activities on Earth.Deep Earth Pulses: A New Ocean in the MakingScientists have detected rhythmic surges of molten rock rising from deep within the Earth beneath Africa, revealing a dynamic mantle plume that is gradually tearing the continent apart. This groundbreaking research, published in Nature Geoscience, indicates that the Afar region is experiencing the birth of a new ocean basin due to the interaction between tectonic plates and the pulsing mantle below. The study highlights the complex relationship between the Earth's interior and surface processes, offering new insights into volcanic activity and continental breakup.Aeris Rocket Launch Window OpensMission managers at Gilmour Space are preparing for the opening of a new launch window for their Ares orbital rocket's first test flight, set to begin tomorrow. Following earlier technical issues, the team is closely monitoring weather conditions as they aim to launch the first all-Australian designed and built launch vehicle since the 1970s. With ambitious plans for future versions capable of carrying heavier payloads, this test flight marks a significant step in Australia's growing space industry.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Geosciencehttps://www.nature.com/naturegeoscience/NASA Parker Solar Probehttps://www.nasa.gov/content/parker-solar-probeGilmour Spacehttps://gilmourspace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into fascinating connections between Earth's atmospheric conditions and its magnetic field, alongside intriguing insights into Mercury and the mysteries of the Sun's corona.Link Between Earth's Oxygen and Magnetic FieldA groundbreaking study published in Science Advances reveals a correlation between the fluctuations of Earth's magnetic field and atmospheric oxygen levels over the last 540 million years. Researchers suggest that processes within the Earth might influence habitability on the surface, highlighting the magnetic field's role in protecting our atmosphere from cosmic rays and solar wind. This correlation raises questions about the underlying processes linking these two critical elements for life on Earth.Unraveling Mercury's SecretsNew findings indicate that Mercury's crust and internal structure are unlike any other planet in our solar system. Laboratory simulations are aiding the European-Japanese BepiColombo mission, set to orbit Mercury in November 2026. Researchers are investigating why Mercury's core constitutes 60% of its volume, exploring theories about its metal-rich composition and volcanic history. The study emphasizes the need for more data to understand Mercury's unique characteristics and geological processes.The Ongoing Mystery of the Sun's CoronaDespite advancements in solar research, the heating of the Sun's corona remains a significant puzzle. Observations from NASA's IRIS mission and other spacecraft are shedding light on potential mechanisms, including magnetic reconnection and plasma waves. These studies are revealing the complexity of the solar atmosphere and could help scientists understand how energy is transferred from the Sun's surface to its outer layers.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNASA IRIS Missionhttps://iris.lmsal.com/European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 77 for broadcast on 27 June 202501:00 Link between Earth's oxygen and magnetic field12:15 Unraveling Mercury's secrets22:30 The ongoing mystery of the Sun's corona30:00 Science report: Changing seasonal rhythms and their impact on ecosystems

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover significant advancements in our understanding of the universe and ongoing developments in space exploration.Astronomers Find the Universe's Missing MatterA groundbreaking study reveals that the universe's elusive normal matter is concealed within hot intergalactic gas filaments. This discovery, detailed in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics, identifies a massive filament of gas, ten times the mass of the Milky Way, connecting four galaxy clusters. Utilizing the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton and JAXA's Suzaku X-ray space telescopes, researchers have successfully characterized this filament, providing crucial insights into the cosmic web's structure and supporting existing models of the universe.Concerns Grow Over Leaks Aboard the International Space StationFresh concerns regarding leaks aboard the International Space Station have led to delays in the SpaceX Axiom Spaceflight 4 mission. NASA is closely monitoring cabin pressure in the Russian segment of the station, where ongoing structural issues have been identified. Despite recent repairs, the situation remains a top safety priority as astronauts prepare for their upcoming mission.European Space Agency's Mars Rover ProgressThe European Space Agency's ExoMars rover, Rosalind Franklin, is back on track to land on Mars in 2028, seven years later than originally planned. This mission aims to search for signs of past life on the Red Planet and investigate its geochemical environment. With new funding and NASA's agreement to provide launch services, the Rosalind Franklin rover is undergoing final tests to ensure its success on the Martian surface.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/European Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 76 for broadcast on 25 June 202501:00 Astronomers find the universe's missing matter12:15 Concerns grow over leaks aboard the International Space Station22:30 European Space Agency's Mars rover progress30:00 Science report: New insights into conversion therapy and health impacts

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore some of the most recent and intriguing developments in space exploration and cosmic phenomena.Starship's Latest Test Flight Ends in ExplosionSpaceX faces another setback as its 10th Starship test flight ended in a massive explosion at the Massey test stand in Boca Chica, Texas. The incident occurred just minutes before a planned static fire test of the upper stage. We discuss the details of the explosion, including early indications of a cryogenic methane leak and the implications for SpaceX's ambitious goals of interplanetary transport.A Cosmic Anomaly and Its Frightening Implications for EarthA newly discovered cosmic anomaly challenges our understanding of galaxy evolution. A distant spiral galaxy, housing a supermassive black hole billions of times the mass of the Sun, is emitting colossal radio jets stretching over 6 million light years. This finding raises alarming questions about the potential future of our own Milky Way and the dangers posed by similar jets originating from Sagittarius A, our galaxy's supermassive black hole. We delve into the study's findings and their implications for life on Earth.New Insights into Neutron StarsA groundbreaking study has provided new insights into the birth masses of neutron stars, revealing that they typically form with a mass around 1.3 times that of our Sun. Using advanced modeling techniques, researchers analyzed a sample of neutron stars in binary systems to understand their formation history better. This research opens up new avenues for interpreting gravitational wave detections and understanding the lifecycle of massive stars.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 75 for broadcast on 23 June 202501:00 Starship's latest test flight ends in explosion12:15 A cosmic anomaly and its frightening implications for Earth22:30 New insights into neutron stars30:00 Science report: Cannabis use linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries and innovative advancements in the realm of space and planetary science.Record-Breaking Cosmic Structure DiscoveredAstronomers have imaged an unprecedented cosmic structure, a massive cloud of energetic particles surrounding a galaxy cluster that spans nearly 200 million light years. This remarkable finding, presented at the 246th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, challenges existing theories about particle energization, suggesting that giant shock waves and turbulence are at play rather than nearby galaxies. We delve into the implications of this discovery for our understanding of cosmic magnetic fields and the dynamics of galaxy clusters.A New Approach to Building MarsA recent study has revealed a novel method for planetary core formation, suggesting that molten sulfide rather than metal could create a core in rocky planets like Mars. This research, published in Nature Communications, offers fresh insights into the early evolution of terrestrial worlds, particularly in sulfur-rich environments. We discuss how this finding could reshape our understanding of Mars's geochemical timeline and its core formation process.High-Performance Infrared Nano AntennasScientists have developed innovative gold nano antennas that significantly enhance the capabilities of thermal infrared cameras, improving image quality and sensitivity. This advancement, led by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories, allows for clearer observations of thermal infrared radiation, with applications ranging from astronomy to national security. We explore the technology behind these nano antennas and their potential impact on various fields.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/American Astronomical Societyhttps://aas.org/Sandia National Laboratorieshttps://www.sandia.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 74 for broadcast on 20 June 202501:00 Record-breaking cosmic structure discovered12:15 A new approach to building Mars22:30 High-performance infrared nano antennas30:00 Science report: New dinosaur species discovered

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest astronomical discoveries and advancements in space exploration.Solar Orbiter's Unprecedented Views of the Sun's South PoleFor the first time, astronomers have captured detailed observations of the Sun's south pole thanks to the joint NASA/ESA Solar Orbiter spacecraft. This mission provides insights into the Sun's magnetic field dynamics and its role in the solar cycle, including the current solar maximum, which is marked by increased solar activity and spectacular auroras visible at lower latitudes than usual. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of solar physics and space weather.Surprising Discoveries on the Moons of UranusNASA's Hubble Space Telescope has revealed unexpected surface characteristics of Uranus's largest moons. Contrary to predictions, the leading sides of these moons showed signs of darkening, challenging previous theories about the interactions between the moons and Uranus's magnetosphere. We explore the significance of these observations and what they suggest about the complex relationship between Uranus and its satellites.Europe's Ariane 6 Rocket Prepares for Its Third LaunchThe European Space Agency is gearing up for the third flight of its new Ariane 6 rocket, set to launch a meteorological satellite into orbit. We provide an overview of the Ariane 6's design advancements, its performance in previous launches, and how it enhances Europe's independent access to space. This rocket represents a significant step forward in European space capabilities.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA Solar Orbiterhttps://www.nasa.gov/solarorbiterHubble Space Telescopehttps://hubblesite.org/Ariane 6 Launch Detailshttps://www.arianespace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 73 for broadcast on 18 June 202501:00 Solar Orbiter's unprecedented views of the Sun's south pole12:15 Surprising discoveries on the moons of Uranus22:30 Europe's Ariane 6 rocket prepares for its third launch30:00 Science report: New insights into the Dead Sea Scrolls and autism research

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you by NordVPN - the official VPN service of SpaceTime. Protect your online privacy with the same service we trust. For a special SpaceTime deal, visit nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use the coupon code Stuart Gary at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover fascinating new insights into the Moon's hidden mantle, the dynamics of stellar nurseries, and the latest lunar lander mishap.A New Window into the Moon's Hidden MantleRecent studies of unique green glass beads retrieved by China's Chang' E5 mission suggest evidence of a significant asteroid impact on the Moon. These beads, with their unusually high magnesium content, may originate from the Moon's mantle, offering scientists their first direct glimpse into this elusive layer. We discuss the implications of this discovery for understanding lunar geology and the history of our celestial neighbor.Unusual Stellar Nursery Discovered Near the Milky Way's CenterNew findings indicate that star formation rates near the galactic center of the Milky Way are unexpectedly low, despite the high density of stellar material. Utilizing data from NASA's retired SOFIA observatory, researchers have identified that these regions may produce only one generation of stars, challenging traditional models of stellar nurseries. We explore what these revelations mean for our understanding of galactic dynamics and star formation processes.Another Lunar Lander Crashes on the MoonThe Japanese I Space lunar lander, Resilience, has tragically crashed during its landing attempt on the Moon, marking another setback in the race for lunar exploration. We delve into the details surrounding the mission's failure and the ongoing investigations aimed at uncovering the cause of the crash. This incident highlights the challenges faced by commercial space missions as they strive to achieve successful lunar landings.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 72 for broadcast on 16 June 202501:00 A new window into the Moon's hidden mantle12:15 Unusual stellar nursery discovered near the Milky Way's center22:30 Another lunar lander crashes on the Moon30:00 Science report: New insights into the mystery of why cats purr

Sponsor Details:This epiosode is broght to you by NordVPN...the official VPN service of SpaceTime. Get online security at a special SpaceTime price. Details at www.nordvpn.com/stuartgaryor use the code STUARTGARY at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries and significant events unfolding in our universe.Galactic Collision Course: Two Massive Galaxy Clusters Set for Round TwoAstronomers have observed a rare cosmic event as two massive galaxy clusters, previously collided, are now on a trajectory for another encounter. Located 2.8 billion light-years away, the clusters—designated PSE2G 181.06.48.47—exhibit fascinating structures and shock fronts indicative of their impending collision. We delve into the implications of this rare event and what it reveals about the dynamics of galaxy clusters and dark matter.NASA's Psyche Mission Switches to Backup SystemsNASA has been compelled to switch to a backup fuel system on its Psyche spacecraft after a drop in fuel pressure was detected in the main propulsion system. We discuss the technical challenges faced by the mission team, the significance of the asteroid Psyche, and what this means for the spacecraft's journey to explore this intriguing metallic asteroid, scheduled for arrival in 2029.Discovery of a New Atomic NucleusFor the first time in over three decades, scientists have measured the heaviest nucleus decaying through proton emission. This discovery, involving the lightest known isotope of astatine-188, sheds light on the rare form of radioactive decay and the intricate properties of exotic nuclei. We explore the experimental techniques used and the theoretical implications of this groundbreaking finding.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNASA Psyche Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/psycheBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 71 for broadcast on 13 June 202501:00 Galactic collision course: Two massive galaxy clusters set for round two12:15 NASA's Psyche mission switches to backup systems22:30 Discovery of a new atomic nucleus30:00 Science report: Unprecedented ocean warming in the South Pacific

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the cosmos to uncover extraordinary cosmic phenomena, groundbreaking Mars exploration, and innovative asteroid detection technology.The Most Powerful Cosmic Explosions Since the Big BangAstronomers have identified a new class of cosmic events known as extreme nuclear transients (ENTs), which are the most powerful explosions observed since the Big Bang. These events occur when supermassive black holes tear apart stars over three times the mass of our sun, releasing energy that surpasses even the brightest supernovae. We explore the implications of these findings, including how these luminous phenomena can provide insights into black hole growth and the early universe.NASA's Perseverance Rover Takes a Bite of Ancient Martian RockNASA's Perseverance Rover has sampled a potentially ancient rock on Mars known as Crocodilen, located on the Jezero Crater Rim. This area offers vital clues about the planet's watery past and the potential for past life. We discuss the rover's mission, its new sampling strategy, and the significance of the clay minerals found in the region, which could preserve organic compounds.First Light for Europe's New Killer Asteroid HunterThe European Space Agency's FlyEye telescope has achieved its first light, marking a new era in the search for near-Earth asteroids that could threaten our planet. Designed to capture a vast region of the sky simultaneously, FlyEye will operate autonomously to detect and track these celestial hazards. We delve into how this innovative technology will enhance our planetary defense efforts and the role it will play in monitoring potential threats.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNaturehttps://www.nature.com/nature/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 70 for broadcast on 11 June 202501:00 The most powerful cosmic explosions since the Big Bang12:15 NASA's Perseverance Rover takes a bite of ancient Martian rock22:30 First light for Europe's new killer asteroid hunter30:00 Science report: Global drought severity increases since 1981

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you with the support of NordVPN - SpaceTimes official VPN service. When it comes to your online privacy, use the one we use and help support the show. To claim your special SpaceTime bonus deal, visit nordvpn.com/stuartgary  or use  the coupon code STUARTGARY at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into groundbreaking revelations that challenge our understanding of cosmic events and planetary formation.New Insights on the Milky Way and Andromeda CollisionRecent studies utilizing data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and the European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft cast doubt on the long-anticipated collision between our Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. New simulations indicate only a 2% probability of a merger occurring within the next 3.7 to 5 billion years, suggesting that both galaxies may continue to evolve largely unperturbed for a much longer period. We explore the implications of these findings and the variables that have altered previous predictions about our galactic future.Understanding Seismic Wave Acceleration in Earth's D LayerA fascinating new study sheds light on the behavior of seismic waves deep within the Earth. Researchers have discovered that the unique crystal structure of minerals in the D layer, located near the core-mantle boundary, influences the acceleration of seismic waves. This breakthrough not only clarifies the mystery behind seismic wave behavior but also provides insights into the dynamics at play in the Earth's depths.Discovery of Embryonic Exoplanets Using Advanced TechniquesAstronomers have unveiled a new technique that has successfully identified five new embryonic exoplanets, offering a glimpse into their early formation stages. Utilizing the ALMA radio telescope, researchers can peer through dense protoplanetary disks to detect these young planets, which are forming rapidly in dynamic environments. This revolutionary method opens new avenues for understanding planetary evolution and the processes that govern the birth of new worlds.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Communications Earth and Environmenthttps://www.nature.com/commsenv/Astrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 69 for broadcast on 9 June 202501:00 New insights on the Milky Way and Andromeda collision12:15 Understanding seismic wave acceleration in Earth's D layer22:30 Discovery of embryonic exoplanets using advanced techniques30:00 Science report: AI systems refusing to turn off

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you with the support of Insta360 - the leaders in 360-degree video technology. To explore their innovative range and claim your special SpaceTime bonus, visit store.insta360.com and use the coupon code SpaceTime at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover exciting new research challenging our understanding of dark matter, reveal hidden treasures beneath the Earth's surface, and explore the potential for life on Titan, Saturn's enigmatic moon.Modified Newtonian Dynamics: A Dark Matter AlternativeRecent studies suggest that modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) may serve as a viable alternative to the elusive dark matter hypothesis. This theory, proposed by physicist Mordecai Milgrom, modifies Newton's laws to explain the gravitational behavior observed in galaxies without relying on dark matter. We delve into the latest findings that support MOND, including a novel method for measuring gravity in wide binary star systems, which indicates that gravity may actually be stronger than Newton's predictions under certain conditions.Earth's Hidden Gold ReservesA groundbreaking study reveals that Earth's core may contain vast reserves of gold and other precious metals, far beyond what is accessible on the surface. Researchers discovered traces of ruthenium in volcanic rocks from Hawaii, suggesting that these metals originated from the core and are leaking into the mantle. This research opens new avenues for understanding Earth's internal dynamics and the movement of materials from the core to the surface.Searching for Life's Chemistry on TitanNASA's upcoming Dragonfly mission aims to investigate the intriguing chemistry of life on Titan, Saturn's largest moon. With its organic-rich environment and unique geological features, Titan presents an opportunity to study prebiotic chemistry in a way that Earth cannot. We explore how Dragonfly will analyze the moon's surface and atmosphere to uncover clues about the processes that may have led to the emergence of life, potentially reshaping our understanding of habitability in the universe.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNaturehttps://www.nature.com/nature/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 68 for broadcast on 6 June 202501:00 Modified Newtonian dynamics as an alternative to dark matter12:15 Earth's hidden gold reserves22:30 Searching for life's chemistry on Titan30:00 Science report: Ancient tool-making from whale bones and quantum computing breakthroughs

Sponsor Details:Incogni: When your data privacy matters, you need Incogni. To get your special SpaceTime deal and bonuses, visit www.incogni.com/stuartgary and let them do all the heavy lifting for youInsta360This episode is brought to you with the support of Insta360 - the innovators in 360-degree camera technology. Capture your adventures with the Insta360 X5, designed for extreme conditions. To claim a free invisible selfie stick with your purchase, visit store.insta360.com and use the promo code SpaceTime!In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the latest developments in space exploration, lunar geology, and solar phenomena.SpaceX's Fiery Ninth Starship Test FlightThe latest test flight of SpaceX's Starship ended dramatically as both the orbiter and the booster were destroyed during reentry. Despite the fiery conclusion, SpaceX officials noted that the test was designed to push the limits of the spacecraft. The flight featured numerous milestones, including a successful hot staging and the first reflight of a booster. However, issues arose during the landing burn, resulting in a spectacular explosion. We discuss the implications of this test and what it means for future missions, including NASA's Artemis 3.Lunar Rocks and Their Magnetic MysteryA new study proposes that a significant asteroid impact may explain the presence of highly magnetic rocks on the Moon. Researchers suggest that a brief amplification of the Moon's weak magnetic field, caused by a large plasma-generated impact event, could account for the magnetism observed in some lunar samples. This hypothesis sheds light on the Moon's geological history and its magnetic properties, particularly in regions near the lunar south pole, where future missions are planned.Revealing the Sun's CoronaAstronomers have captured unprecedented details of the Sun's corona using a new adaptive optics system. This groundbreaking technology has allowed scientists to produce the clearest images of the corona yet, enhancing our understanding of coronal heating and solar eruptions. The new observations reveal dynamic features and turbulent flows within the corona, providing insights into the mechanisms driving space weather and its effects on Earth.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Science Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 67 for broadcast on 4 June 202501:00 SpaceX's ninth Starship test flight12:15 Lunar rocks and their magnetic mystery22:30 Revealing the Sun's corona30:00 Science report: New methods for green hydrogen production

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you with the support of Insta360 - the pioneers in 360-degree video technology. To explore their innovative range and claim your special offer, visit store.insta360.com and use the coupon code SpaceTime at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we tackle some of the universe's most pressing mysteries, including new insights into the Hubble constant, the surprising geology of Venus, and the building blocks of stellar formation.Resolving the Hubble Constant DebateNew data from the James Webb Space Telescope may have finally reconciled the long-standing discrepancy in the measurement of the Hubble constant, the rate at which the universe expands. For years, scientists have grappled with differing values derived from cosmic microwave background radiation and supernova observations. Lead author Wendy Friedman discusses how recent findings suggest that the standard model of cosmology holds up, with the Hubble constant now estimated at 70.4 kilometres per second per megaparsec, aligning more closely with earlier measurements. This breakthrough could reshape our understanding of the universe’s expansion and evolution.Venus's Thin CrustNew research indicates that Venus's crust is unexpectedly thin, challenging previous assumptions about the planet's geology. A study published in Nature Communications reveals that Venus lacks the tectonic activity seen on Earth, resulting in a crust that is about 40 to 65 kilometres thick. This research proposes a model of crust metamorphism that could explain how volcanic activity persists on Venus, despite the absence of plate tectonics. Upcoming missions, including NASA's Davinci and Veritas, aim to gather more data that could confirm these findings and enhance our understanding of Venus's geological processes.Building Blocks of Stellar FormationA recent study highlights that the formation of stars is influenced not only by the amount of gas in a galaxy but also by its distribution. Observations from the WALLABY survey, conducted using the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder Telescope, reveal that star formation is concentrated in areas with higher gas density. Lead author Seona Lee explains how this research sheds light on the intricate processes that govern star formation, suggesting that gas location is critical for the birth of new stars across various galaxy types.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/naturecommunications/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 66 for broadcast on 2 June 202501:00 Resolving the Hubble constant debate12:15 Venus's surprisingly thin crust22:30 Building blocks of stellar formation30:00 Science report: New links between autism and Parkinson's disease

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you with the support of Insta360 - the leaders in 360 degree video. To check out the range and grab your special SpaceTime bonus, visit store.insta360.com and use the coupon code SpaceTime at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into groundbreaking advancements in our understanding of gravity, the intriguing thermal characteristics of the Moon, and the discovery of white dwarf pulsars.A New Theory of GravityScientists have proposed a revolutionary new theory of gravity that brings us closer to the long-sought theory of everything. This quantum theory of gravity aims to unify gravity with the fundamental forces of nature, offering potential solutions to some of the most profound questions in physics, including the nature of dark matter and dark energy. We explore the implications of this theory and how it could reshape our understanding of the universe's origins and the behavior of black holes.The Moon's Hot SideRecent findings suggest that the Moon's near side is significantly hotter than its far side, with temperatures reaching up to 170 degrees Celsius higher. This research, based on data from NASA's GRAIL mission, reveals how geological differences between the lunar sides could be attributed to thermal variations in the Moon's mantle. We discuss the potential for these methods to enhance our understanding of other celestial bodies, including Mars and the moons of Jupiter and Saturn.White Dwarf Pulsars: A Stellar DiscoveryAstronomers have made a remarkable discovery of a white dwarf star that emits radio pulses, challenging the notion that only neutron stars can produce such signals. This discovery, reported in Nature Astronomy, opens up new avenues for understanding pulsar mechanisms and their sources across the Milky Way. We examine the significance of this finding and what it means for our knowledge of stellar evolution.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesReports on Progress in Physicshttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0034-4885Naturehttps://www.nature.com/nature/Nature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 65 for broadcast on 30 May 202501:00 New theory of gravity12:15 The Moon's thermal characteristics22:30 Discovery of white dwarf pulsars30:00 Skywatch: June night skies and the Taurids meteor shower

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you with the support of Insta360 - the game changer in 360-degree camera technology. Capture stunning moments with the Insta360 X5, which records 8K 360-degree video. To bag a free invisible selfie stick with your purchase, head to store.insta360.com and use the promo code SpaceTime!In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover remarkable revelations about Jupiter, lightning-induced gamma rays, and groundbreaking achievements in spaceflight.Jupiter's Magnificent PastA new study reveals that Jupiter, the solar system's largest planet, was once twice its current size and possessed a magnetic field 50 times stronger than today. Researchers, led by Konstantin Batygin, used the orbits of Jupiter's small moons, Amalthea and Thebe, to deduce these findings, providing critical insights into the early stages of planetary formation. The implications of this research could reshape our understanding of gas giants and their formation processes across the universe.Gamma Rays and LightningIn a groundbreaking discovery, scientists have detected intense flashes of gamma rays produced by lightning strikes. This phenomenon, known as terrestrial gamma ray flashes, occurs when lightning accelerates electrons to near light speeds, resulting in bursts of radiation. The study, published in Science Advances, sheds light on the high-energy processes occurring in Earth's atmosphere, enhancing our understanding of lightning's power and its effects on our planet.Precision Formation Flying in SpaceHistory has been made in Earth orbit as two spacecraft from the European Space Agency's Proba 3 mission successfully flew in millimeter-perfect formation for the first time. This precision alignment is crucial for studying the Sun's corona, allowing the two satellites to simulate a single large spacecraft. We discuss the technology behind this mission and its potential to revolutionize solar observations.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Science Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 64 for broadcast on 28 May 202501:00 Jupiter's original size and magnetic field12:15 Gamma ray flashes unleashed by lightning22:30 Precision formation flying in space30:00 Science report: New contact lens technology for night vision

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to you with the support of Insta360 - for incredible 360 degree videos you really need to check their cameras out. To see the range and claim your free offer, visit store.insta360.com and use the coupon code SpaceTime at checkout.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore some mind-bending revelations about the universe, including a new estimate for its ultimate fate, the peculiar gravity of the asteroid Bennu, and India's ambitious plans for its first manned spaceflight.The Universe's Unexpected Expiration DateA groundbreaking study suggests that the universe could meet its end in a mere 10^78 years, significantly sooner than the previously estimated 10^1100 years. This revelation, based on calculations involving Hawking radiation, sheds light on how black holes and other celestial bodies lose mass over time. We discuss the implications of this research and the fascinating mechanics behind black hole evaporation, including the surprising equivalence in decay rates between neutron stars and black holes.Gravity's Quirks on Asteroid BennuAstronomers have uncovered bizarre gravitational dynamics at play on the near-Earth asteroid Bennu, based on data from NASA's Osiris Rex mission. This small celestial body exists in a delicate balance between gravity and centrifugal forces, creating a unique environment that could lead to its eventual disintegration. We delve into how Bennu's increasing rotation might impact its structural integrity and potential future interactions with Earth.India's Manned Spaceflight AmbitionsThe Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has announced plans for its first manned spaceflight, set to launch in early 2027. This historic mission will follow an unmanned test flight of the Gaganyan spacecraft, which is designed to carry a crew into low Earth orbit. We discuss the training and preparations of the selected Indian Air Force pilots and the technical challenges ISRO faces as it embarks on this new frontier in space exploration.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physicshttps://www.cosmos.esa.int/cosmologyNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natastronomy/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 63 for broadcast on 26 May 202501:00 New estimates on the universe's end12:30 The strange gravity of asteroid Bennu22:45 India's plans for its first manned spaceflight30:00 Science report: Herpes virus linked to Alzheimer's disease

Sponsor Details:This episode is brought to with the support of NordVPN....the official VPN service of SpaceTime. To check out your special SpaceTime discount with 30 day money back guarantee, visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use the coupon code STUARTGARY at checkout.This episode of SpaceTime delves into groundbreaking discoveries and theories that reshape our understanding of the universe, including the origins of dark matter, the first visible light auroras on Mars, and new insights into massive X-ray explosions near supermassive black holes.The Birth of Dark Matter ExplainedA new hypothesis suggests that dark matter, which constitutes about 85% of the universe's mass, may have originated from massless particles that condensed as they slowed down. This theory, outlined in the journal Physical Review Letters, proposes that these particles formed during the early universe's chaotic conditions, akin to steam turning into water. We discuss how this model could be tested using existing cosmic microwave background radiation data, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of dark matter's properties and formation.Visible Light Auroras on MarsIn a historic achievement, NASA's Perseverance rover has captured the first visible light auroras on Mars, confirming long-held theories about Martian atmospheric phenomena. This event, triggered by a massive solar flare, opens up new avenues for auroral research and suggests that future astronauts could witness these stunning displays on the Martian surface. We explore the implications of this discovery and how it enhances our understanding of solar interactions with planetary atmospheres.Quasiperiodic Eruptions: A New Type of X-ray ExplosionAstronomers have identified a new type of X-ray outburst known as quasiperiodic eruptions, occurring near supermassive black holes. Observed in a galaxy 300 million light-years away, these eruptions exhibit a unique pattern, with events occurring every 4.5 days. We discuss the mechanisms behind these eruptions and their significance in understanding the dynamics of black holes and their surrounding environments.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Lettershttps://journals.aps.org/prl/Science Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 62 for broadcast on 23 May 202501:00 New theory explaining the birth of dark matter12:15 First visible light auroras detected on Mars20:30 Discovery of quasiperiodic eruptions near supermassive black holes30:00 Science report: AI chatbots exaggerate research summaries

This episode of SpaceTime explores the recent surge in solar activity, including the largest solar flare of the year and the most intense geomagnetic storm in two decades.Massive Solar Flare and Its ImplicationsWe delve into the details of a powerful X 2.7 class solar flare that erupted from a newly active sunspot region, AR14087. Although the flare was not initially directed towards Earth, its rotation has now positioned it directly in our path. We discuss the mechanics of solar flares, their classification, and the potential impacts of such events on our planet, including disruptions to communication systems, satellite operations, and even power grids.The Gannon Storm: A Historic Geomagnetic EventThe episode highlights the Gannon Storm, a severe geomagnetic storm that struck Earth on May 10, 2024. Coinciding with a space weather exercise, this event caused significant disruptions, including high voltage power line failures and rerouted flights due to radiation exposure. We analyze its effects on the atmosphere, satellites, and even the ionosphere, revealing insights into how such storms can impact modern technology.Ancient Solar Storms and Their Modern ImplicationsIn a fascinating segment, we discuss a groundbreaking study that identifies the strongest solar storm ever recorded, dating back to 12350 BCE. This ancient event, significantly more intense than any modern storm, provides invaluable data for understanding solar activity and its potential risks to contemporary infrastructure.Science Robert: Long Work Hours and Brain ChangesWe also touch on a new study revealing how long working hours could alter brain structures, potentially affecting memory and emotional regulation.Join us as we unpack these cosmic phenomena and their implications for life on Earth and beyond.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Occupational Environmental Medicinehttps://journals.lww.com/joem/Pages/default.aspxBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 Solar flares are powerful blasts of energy erupting from sunspots10:30 May 2024 was the biggest geomagnetic storm in over 20 years14:29 New study reveals strongest solar event ever recorded, rewriting science on space weather18:23 A new study claims people who work long hours could have altered brain structures

This episode of SpaceTime covers a range of exciting topics, including the delayed launch of Gilmour Space's Eris rocket, groundbreaking discoveries on Venus, and a billion-year-old asteroid impact in Scotland that raises new questions about the evolution of life on Earth.Eris Rocket Launch DelayedGilmour Space has postponed the maiden launch of its Eris orbital rocket due to technical issues encountered during pre-flight checks. The rocket, designed to carry small satellite payloads, will now face a delay of at least three weeks as the company investigates the unexpected deployment of the launch vehicle's nosecone fairings. We discuss the implications of this delay and what it means for future commercial launches.Tectonic Activity on VenusIn a fascinating discovery, scientists have identified possible tectonic activity on Venus, based on data from NASA's Magellan mission. Researchers found evidence of unique geological features known as coronae, which may indicate ongoing deformation of the planet's surface due to molten material from below. This research not only enhances our understanding of Venus but also offers insights into Earth's geological history.Ancient Asteroid Impact in ScotlandA recent study has revealed that a massive asteroid impact in Scotland occurred 990 million years ago, much later than previously thought. This discovery, based on dating tiny zircon crystals, suggests a connection between this impact event and the emergence of early freshwater eukaryotes on land. We delve into the implications of this revised timeline for our understanding of life on Earth and the environmental changes triggered by such impacts.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvJournal of Geologyhttps://www.geosociety.org/publications/gsa/geo.aspBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 60 for broadcast on 19 May 202500:54 Gilmour Space's Eris rocket launch delayed10:15 Possible tectonic activity discovered on Venus18:45 Billion-year-old asteroid impact in Scotland raises questions about early life on Earth25:00 Science report: Unexplained communications equipment found in Chinese-made solar panel inverters

Sponsor Links:Insta360 - To ceck out the range of cameras and to claim your bonus, visit store.insta360 and use the coupon code SpaceTime at checkout.This episode of SpaceTime dives deep into the intriguing findings from Mars, the peculiar behavior of a family of stars, and the latest developments in NASA's Artemis program.Possible Martian BiosignaturesScientists are captivated by the potential detection of biosignatures in a rock sample named Chayava Falls, collected by NASA's Perseverance rover. This rock, filled with unique chemical signatures, raises questions about the possibility of ancient microbial life on Mars. The analysis reveals organic compounds and distinctive structures, prompting further investigation to determine their origins and implications for past life on the Red Planet.Strange Stellar FamilyIn an unexpected discovery, astronomers have identified a cluster of over a thousand young stars, named Ophion, that are behaving in a chaotic manner, rapidly dispersing instead of forming stable groups. This unusual behavior challenges existing theories about star formation and raises questions about the influences of nearby massive stellar groups and past supernovae on their movement.Artemis 2 Orion Capsule DeliveredThe Orion capsule designated for NASA's Artemis 2 mission has officially been handed over to NASA after final assembly and testing. This advanced spacecraft is set to carry a crew of four on a mission to orbit the Moon, marking a significant step towards future lunar exploration. We discuss the enhancements made to Orion since Artemis 1 and the preparations for its upcoming launch.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNASA Perseverance Roverhttps://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/NASA Artemis Programhttps://www.nasa.gov/artemisBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 59 for broadcast on 16 May 202500:54 Possible biosignatures detected on Mars12:15 The unusual behavior of the Ophion star cluster20:30 Artemis 2 Orion capsule delivered to NASA for preparations25:00 Science report: Technology use around children and its effects on health

Sponsor Links:Insta360 X5 Camera. To bag a free invisible selfie stick worth US$24.99 with your purchase, head to store.insta360.com and use the promo code "spacetime", available for the first 30 standard package purchases only.This episode of SpaceTime delves into the latest revelations in the cosmos, exploring groundbreaking theories about dark matter and the future of lunar exploration.New Insights into Dark MatterAstronomers have made a significant breakthrough in understanding dark matter, revealing a potential new type of less massive dark matter at the center of the Milky Way. This study, published in Physical Review Letters, suggests that huge clouds of positively charged hydrogen may be linked to this elusive substance. The findings challenge existing models of dark matter, proposing that lighter particles may be responsible for unexplained chemical reactions observed in the galactic center.Lunar Gateway Space Station Takes ShapeIn an exciting development for lunar exploration, the first habitation module for the Lunar Gateway Space Station has arrived in the United States. Known as the Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO), this module will serve as a command hub for future missions to the Moon and Mars. We discuss the integration of HALO with the Power and Propulsion Element and the implications for the Artemis program.Space Junk Threatens the ISSWe also cover the alarming increase in space debris, as NASA is forced to maneuver the International Space Station to avoid a potential collision with fragments of a Chinese rocket. This ongoing issue highlights the growing challenges of maintaining a safe orbital environment for astronauts aboard the ISS.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Lettershttps://journals.aps.org/prl/NASA Lunar Gatewayhttps://www.nasa.gov/gatewayBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, Episode 58 for broadcast on 14 May 202500:54 New insights into dark matter in the Milky Way10:30 The Lunar Gateway Space Station's HALO module arrives17:15 Space junk threatens the International Space Station20:45 Science report: Insights into Earth's population growth and continental movement

Sponsor Details:Incogni...if you don't like sharing your details with all and sundry online, then you need Incogni. To get our SpaceTime listener deal, visit www.incogni.com/stuartgary or use the coupon code STUARTGARY at checkout.Insta360 - the leaders in 360 degree video shooting. Check out their gear and get your SpaceTime free offer with purchase by visiting www.store.insta360.com and use the coupon code SpaceTime at checkout.This episode of SpaceTime explores remarkable discoveries and urgent cosmic events that are reshaping our understanding of the universe.New Giant Galaxies DiscoveredAstronomers unveil the discovery of 15 new giant radio galaxies, each spanning over 3 million light years and hosting supermassive black holes. Utilizing the advanced capabilities of the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASCAP), researchers reveal the unique characteristics of these galaxies, including their powerful jets and lobes traveling at superluminal speeds. We delve into the implications of these findings for our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution.Changes on TitanNext, we discuss the intriguing changes occurring on Saturn's moon Titan, which is experiencing rapid orbital changes on geological timescales. Scientists explore the factors influencing Titan's tidal dissipation rate and what it reveals about the moon's internal structure and history. This study provides insights into the dynamic processes at play in our solar system's moons.Failed Soviet Spacecraft ReturnsWe also cover the dramatic re-entry of the Kosmos 482, a failed Soviet spacecraft that spent 53 years in orbit before crashing back to Earth. Launched in 1972 on a mission to Venus, the spacecraft's uncontrolled descent raises concerns about space debris and its potential impact on Earth.AI and Humanity's FutureFinally, we tackle the controversial topic of artificial intelligence and its potential risks to humanity. With AI evolving at an unprecedented pace, we examine the findings of a new study that assesses the likelihood of AI leading to human extinction. As science fiction warns of a future dominated by AI, we explore the reality of these threats and what they mean for our future.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvJournal of the American Medical Associationhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is space time series 28, episode 57 for broadcast on 12 May 202500:54 Astronomers have discovered 15 giant radio galaxies each hosting a supermassive black hole09:35 You're still learning about these galaxies11:57 Now you, uh, mentioned starburst galaxies earlier. What are we seeing in elliptical galaxies when this happens15:04 Foreign astronomers have discovered that the orbit of the moon Titan is changing quickly18:49 A failed Soviet era spacecraft has crashed back to Earth21:24 New study claims there's still little chance of artificial intelligence actually exterminating humanity25:39 Using cannabis during pregnancy may increase risk of several adverse birth outcomes, study finds

Sponsor DetailsThis episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of NordVPN...our official VPN app and the one we recommend if online security is important to you. To get the special SpaceTime listeners deal, with a 30 day money back guarantee, visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary or us the coupon code stuartgary at checkout.Insta360 X5 Camera. To bag a free invisible selfie stick worth US$24.99 with your purchase, head to store.insta360.com and use the promo code "spacetime", available for the first 30 standard package purchases only.In this episode of SpaceTime, we unveil a stunning new ultraviolet map of the Milky Way galaxy, thanks to NASA's New Horizons spacecraft. This groundbreaking observation, published in the Astronomical Journal, provides astronomers with unprecedented insights into the galactic environment surrounding our solar system. We discuss how these findings challenge existing theories about interstellar hydrogen emissions and reveal the complex structures of hot interstellar gas bubbles.Exploring Mars with PerseveranceNext, we follow NASA's Perseverance Rover as it investigates the intriguing rock formations at the Jezero crater rim. Discover how the rover is analyzing the contrasting layers of rock, searching for clues about Mars's geological history and the processes that shaped its surface.Psyche Spacecraft TroublesFinally, we address the ongoing investigation into a significant issue with the electric propulsion system of NASA's Psyche spacecraft. Launched in 2023, this mission aims to explore the metallic asteroid 16 Psyche. We delve into the challenges faced by mission managers and discuss potential solutions to ensure the spacecraft continues on its path to unravel the mysteries of planetary cores.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstronomical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNASA Perseverance Roverhttps://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/NASA Psyche Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/psycheBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is Space Time Series 28, episode 56 for broadcast on 9 May 202500:45 NASA's New Horizons spacecraft reveals a new ultraviolet map of the Milky Way12:30 Mars Perseverance Rover continues its exploration of Jezero crater18:15 NASA investigates issues with the Psyche spacecraft's electric propulsion system22:00 Skywatch: May night skies and celestial events

Sponsor Links:NordVPN - For the special SpaceTime NordVPN deal with extra free months, a huge discount and 30 day money back guarantee visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgaryInsta360 X5 Camera. To bag a free invisible selfie stick worth US$24.99 with your purchase, head to store.insta360.com and use the promo code "spacetime", available for the first 30 standard package purchases only.This episode of SpaceTime dives deep into the cosmos, revealing groundbreaking insights into the origins of heavy elements and the geological history of Mars.First, we explore a revolutionary study that uncovers how giant exploding stars produce uranium and other heavy elements. Researchers are now investigating gamma-ray burst jets and the surrounding cocoon formed by collapsed stars. This new framework suggests that high-energy photons can dissolve stellar material into neutrons, leading to the creation of heavy elements through a rapid neutron capture process. We discuss the implications of these findings and how they challenge long-held beliefs about nucleosynthesis in the universe.Shattering Beliefs About Asteroid VestaNext, we turn our attention to the asteroid Vesta, where a recent study published in Nature Astronomy reveals that its interior structure is far more uniform than previously thought. This discovery has led scientists to reconsider Vesta's identity, proposing that it may simply be a large asteroid rather than a protoplanet. We examine the research that challenges decades of assumptions about Vesta's formation and its role in understanding the early solar system.Did It Rain or Snow on Ancient Mars?Finally, we investigate the ancient climate of Mars, with a new study suggesting that geological formations on the planet were shaped by heavy precipitation, indicating a warmer and wetter past. This research utilizes computer simulations to analyze how rain and snow may have contributed to the development of Martian valleys and channels. We discuss the significance of these findings and their implications for our understanding of Mars's climatic history.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Journal of Geophysical Research Planetshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/21699356Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 New study provides clues explaining how exploding stars produce uranium and other heavy elements06:21 New study suggests giant asteroid Vesta is really just a big asteroid15:19 New study suggests heavy precipitation likely fed valleys on ancient Mars19:49 A new study warns that microplastic pollution could compromise ocean carbon22:17 More than 31,000 passwords belonging to Australian banks have been stolen24:47 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through bitesz.com

Sponsor Details:Insta360 X5 Camera. To bag a free invisible selfie stick worth US$24.99 with your purchase, head to store.insta360.com and use the promo code "spacetime", available for the first 30 standard package purchases only.This episode of SpaceTime explores fascinating new discoveries and urgent updates from the cosmos.First, astronomers have identified a vast molecular gas and dust cloud named Eos, located just 300 light years away from Earth. This remarkable finding, published in the journal Nature Astronomy, marks the first detection of a molecular cloud using far ultraviolet emissions of molecular hydrogen. Eos, which is composed primarily of hydrogen, presents unique opportunities for studying the interstellar medium and the processes of star formation. We discuss the implications of this discovery and how it could reshape our understanding of molecular clouds across the galaxy.Jupiter's Polar Cyclones Under the MicroscopeNext, we delve into the latest revelations from NASA's Juno mission, which is providing new insights into Jupiter's ferocious polar cyclones and the volcanic activity on its moon Io. With fresh observations, scientists are uncovering the dynamics of Jupiter's atmosphere and the subsurface temperature profile of Io, shedding light on the gas giant's extreme weather patterns and the moon's geological activity.Out of Control Russian SpacecraftFinally, we discuss the impending re-entry of the Venera 8 spacecraft, a remnant of the Soviet era, which is expected to crash back to Earth on May 10. Launched in 1972, this spacecraft has been tumbling in low Earth orbit for over five decades. We examine the risks associated with its uncontrolled descent and the potential impact it may have upon re-entry.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/NASA Juno Missionhttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/juno/main/index.htmlBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is space Time Series 28, episode 54 for broadcast on the 5th May, 202500:48 Astronomers have discovered a vast invisible molecular, gas and dust cloud near Earth12:40 Two key experiments are needed to help us understand the origin of Jupiter15:42 A failed Soviet spacecraft designed to land on Venus is about to crash on Earth19:00 New study claims people who use cannabis have higher risk of heart attack21:12 New study claims ghost lanterns in South Carolina may be caused by earthquakes

This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you with the support of Incogni - take back control of your data online by getting Incogni for not very much money. To check our sprcial SpaceTime listeners deal, visit www,incogni.com/spacetime.In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries and updates from the cosmos. First, NASA's Curiosity Rover has revealed evidence of a carbon cycle on Mars, with significant carbon deposits found in Gale Crater. This finding, detailed in the journal Science, brings researchers closer to understanding Mars's potential to support life in its past. We discuss the implications of these findings and what they mean for the Red Planet's climatic history and habitability.Square Kilometer Array UpdateNext, we provide an exciting update on the billion-dollar Square Kilometer Array (SKA) project, the world's largest radio telescope currently under construction in Australia and South Africa. We explore how this massive facility will revolutionize our understanding of the universe, operating at unprecedented speeds and sensitivities. With 132,000 antennas spread over vast distances, the SKA aims to answer fundamental questions about gravity, magnetism, and the evolution of galaxies.Busy Times at the International Space StationFinally, we take a look at the bustling activity aboard the International Space Station. With recent crew returns and new cargo deliveries, including groundbreaking experiments on time measurement and gravitational research, the ISS continues to be a hub of scientific advancement. We discuss the latest missions and what they mean for future exploration and research in space.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesSciencehttps://www.science.org/Square Kilometer Arrayhttps://www.skao.int/NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is space Time Series 28, episode 53 for broadcast on 2 May 202500:25 NASA's Mars Curiosity Rover finds evidence of a carbon cycle on the Red Planet03:51 Construction works well advanced on world's largest radio telescope, the SKA07:40 Scientists are building the world's largest radio telescope to probe the deep universe10:40 Three crew members from the International Space Station have successfully returned to Earth13:44 Previous studies suggested H5N1 bird flu could spread easily between mammals16:33 Australian Skeptics has debunked 15 popular supernatural claims20:00 Some of the things people take seriously have since been proved to Be fake24:23 Haunted locations are always dangerous. Are ghosts always dangerous?

This episode of SpaceTime is brought you with the support of NordVPN...our official VPN service. To get your 74% discount plus 4 months extra for free, all with a 30 day money back guarantee, simply visit www.nordvpn.com/spacetimeSupport the show and check them out.In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the mysterious absence of river deltas on Titan, Saturn’s largest moon. Despite having rivers of methane and ethane, a new study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research Planets reveals that Titan is largely devoid of these geological features, raising intriguing questions about its unique processes and history. We discuss the implications of this finding and what it means for our understanding of Titan's climate and geological past.Volcanic History of MarsNext, we explore groundbreaking research from NASA's Perseverance rover, which has uncovered a diverse array of iron-rich volcanic rocks in Jezero Crater. This study, reported in Science Advances, provides fresh insights into Mars's geological history and its potential to have supported ancient life. The findings reveal complex volcanic processes that may have occurred on the Red Planet, enhancing our understanding of its habitability.Rare Earth Metals in Exoplanet AtmosphereFinally, we celebrate the discovery of rare Earth metals in the atmosphere of Kelt 9b, one of the hottest known exoplanets. Astronomers have detected vaporized elements such as sodium, magnesium, and the rare Earth metals scandium and yttrium, marking a significant milestone in exoplanet research. This discovery opens new avenues for understanding the atmospheres of distant worlds and their unique compositions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Geophysical Research Planetshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/21699356Science Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvAstronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 52 for broadcast on 30 April 202500:46 Scientists are looking for Titan's missing river deltas06:02 NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover is analyzing Martian volcanic rocks10:17 Astronomers have discovered rare Earth metals in the atmosphere of a hot exoplanet17:58 People who were conceived during colder seasons store fat differently, study finds20:25 YouTube is celebrating its 20th birthday with some interesting stats22:16 Google to launch Android 16 three or four months earlier than Apple's iOS

This episode is brought to you with the support of  our sponsor, Incogni. To get your special Incogni deal visit www.incogni.com/spacetime. Incogni comes with a huge discount and a 30 day money back guarantee! Support the show and check them out. Don't share your data with anyone else unknowingly for another day. Get Inconi to fix it for you.In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the intriguing phenomena of coronal holes on the Sun and their significant impact on space weather. A new study published in Scientific Reports reveals how these magnetic windows are launching supersonic solar wind streams into the heliosphere, providing crucial insights for future solar monitoring missions like ESA's Vigil. We discuss the dangers posed by solar storms to Earth's infrastructure and how advanced forecasting can mitigate these risks.Watery Past of MarsNext, we uncover exciting findings from NASA's Perseverance rover, which suggest that Mars once had widespread water, as indicated by the presence of calcium sulfate minerals. Utilizing innovative X-ray backscattered diffraction techniques, scientists are piecing together the planet's geological history and its potential for past life.NASA's Lucy Mission SuccessFinally, we celebrate the successful flyby of the main belt asteroid Donaldjohanson by NASA's Lucy spacecraft. Captured images reveal its unique potato-like shape and complex geology, shedding light on the building blocks of our solar system. With future encounters on the horizon, Lucy aims to enhance our understanding of planetary formation.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScientific Reportshttps://www.nature.com/srepNASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we unveil groundbreaking evidence that challenges previously held theories about the origins of Earth's water. Recent findings published in the journal Icarus indicate that rather than being delivered by asteroids and comets, Earth's water may have formed alongside the planet itself. The study utilizes a unique meteorite known as the enstatite chondrite to reveal a rich source of hydrogen essential for water formation, reshaping our understanding of how life-sustaining conditions developed on Earth.The Enigmatic Magnetic Field of MarsNext, we delve into the curious case of Mars's magnetic field, which has puzzled scientists for decades. A new study suggests that the strange magnetic signatures observed on the Red Planet could be attributed to a partially molten core predominantly covering the southern hemisphere. This research provides fresh insights into Mars's geological history and the implications for its atmospheric evolution, as the planet transitioned from a warm, wet environment to the arid desert we see today.The Lyrids Meteor ShowerAdditionally, we celebrate one of humanity's oldest known meteor showers, the Lyrids, which are currently dazzling skywatchers. First recorded over 2,700 years ago, these meteors originate from comet Thatcher and promise a beautiful celestial display. Although not as prolific as other meteor showers, the Lyrids offer a captivating spectacle for stargazers, with expectations of 10 to 15 meteors per hour during peak viewing times.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 50 for broadcast on 25 April 202500:49 New evidence on the origins of Earth's water06:30 Analysis of the enstatite chondrite meteorite12:15 The mystery of Mars's magnetic field18:00 Implications of a partially molten Martian core22:45 Overview of the Lyrids meteor shower27:00 Summary of recent astronomical findings30:15 Science report: Health risks linked to food additiveswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesIcarushttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/icarusGeophysical Research Lettershttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19449224NASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

This episode is brought to you with the support of  our sponsors, NordVPN and Incogni. To get your special NordVPN disvcount visit www.nordvpn.com/spacetimeand your Incogni deal at www.incogni.com/spacetime. Both offers come with a 30 day money back guarantee! Support the show and check them out....recommended and used by the team here at SpaceTime.NASA's Lucy Mission, Neutrino Mass Breakthrough, and Martian Rock DiscoveriesIn this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into NASA's Lucy spacecraft as it prepares for a close flyby of the asteroid Donaldjohanson, located in the main asteroid belt. The spacecraft will autonomously track and observe this 3km wide space rock, gathering crucial data that could shed light on its peculiar formation and geological history. This encounter serves as a vital rehearsal for Lucy's upcoming mission to explore Jupiter's Trojan asteroids, promising insights into the early solar system.A New Upper Limit for Neutrino MassNext, we discuss a groundbreaking study that has established a new upper limit for the mass of the elusive neutrino, now determined to be less than 0.45 electron volts. This significant finding not only narrows the particle's mass range but also challenges existing theories in particle physics, pushing the boundaries of our understanding of the universe's fundamental forces.Intriguing Martian Richie OutcropsAdditionally, we explore the fascinating discoveries made by NASA's Mars Perseverance rover on the rim of Jezero Crater. The rover has uncovered a diverse array of rock types, providing a unique glimpse into Martian history and the planet's potential for past habitability. With multiple rock samples collected and analyzed, Perseverance continues to unveil the geological secrets of the Red Planet.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 49 for broadcast on 23 April 202500:49 Lucy spacecraft's close encounter with asteroid Donaldjohanson06:30 Insights into the asteroid's formation and geology12:15 New upper limit established for neutrino mass18:00 Implications for particle physics and the standard model22:45 Mars Perseverance rover's discoveries on Jezero Crater27:00 Summary of recent planetary exploration findings30:15 Science report: Weather extremes and lab-grown chicken nuggetswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Journalhttps://www.science.orgPlanetary Science Journalhttps://www.planetarysciencereview.comNASAhttps://www.nasa.govBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

Hints of Alien Life, a Galactic Mystery, and Juno's Safe Mode IncidentIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking revelations suggesting the potential for alien life beyond Earth. Using NASA's Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have detected chemical signatures of dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide in the atmosphere of the exoplanet K2 18 b, a sub-Neptune world located 124 light years away in the habitable zone of its host star. While these findings are incredibly promising, researchers urge caution as they work to confirm these biosignatures through further observations.A Surprising Spiral Galaxy from the Early UniverseNext, we dive into the discovery of a surprisingly large spiral galaxy dating back 11.4 billion years, which challenges current models of galaxy formation. This massive galaxy, dubbed the "Big Wheel," is three times larger than expected for its time, prompting astronomers to rethink how galaxies can grow and evolve in the early universe. The implications of this finding could reshape our understanding of cosmic structure and formation processes.NASA's Juno Spacecraft in Safe ModeAdditionally, we discuss a recent anomaly that forced NASA's Juno spacecraft to enter safe mode during a close flyby of Jupiter. The spacecraft's precautionary measures allowed it to protect its systems and continue diagnostics, ensuring the mission's ongoing success as it gathers vital data about the gas giant and its moons.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 48 for broadcast on 21 April 202500:49 Potential biosignatures detected on K2 18 b06:30 Implications for the search for extraterrestrial life12:15 Discovery of an ancient spiral galaxy in the early universe18:00 Challenges to current galaxy formation models22:45 Juno spacecraft enters safe mode after anomaly27:00 Summary of recent astronomical discoveries30:15 Science report: Health benefits of sauerkraut and lunar dust solar panelswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/nature-astronomy/Applied and Environmental Microbiologyhttps://aem.asm.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

Exploring Uranus's Rotational Secrets, New Crew at the ISS, and the Dangers of Space TravelIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into groundbreaking measurements of Uranus's rotational rate, achieved with unprecedented accuracy by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. This new technique, which analyzed over a decade of observations of the planet's auroras, provides essential insights into Uranus's complex atmosphere and magnetic field, establishing a vital reference point for future planetary studies.A New Crew Arrives at the International Space StationNext, we cover the arrival of a new crew aboard the International Space Station, as the Russian Soyuz MS-27 spacecraft successfully docks with the orbiting outpost. The crew, consisting of two Russians and an American, will spend eight months conducting over 200 experiments and performing maintenance on the station.The Dangers of Going into SpaceAdditionally, we discuss the various dangers associated with human spaceflight, including the effects of microgravity on the human body, radiation exposure, and the physical challenges astronauts face during long-duration missions. Experts from NASA highlight the ongoing research to ensure astronaut safety as humanity prepares for deeper space exploration.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 47 for broadcast on 18 April 202500:49 Hubble's measurements of Uranus's rotational rate06:30 Implications for future planetary research12:15 New crew arrival at the ISS aboard Soyuz MS-2718:00 Overview of the crew's mission and experiments22:45 Dangers of human spaceflight and health impacts27:00 Summary of recent space exploration news30:15 Science report: Lab-grown meat flavor innovationswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNaturehttps://www.nature.comNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/For the commercial-free editions of this podcast, become a supporter: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 46The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastUnraveling Black Hole Jets, Martian Dust Devils, and Earth's Tectonic MysteriesIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking research that sheds light on how black holes generate their powerful plasma jets. A new study reveals that these jets are formed when superheated gas experiences a rapid shrinking towards the black hole's event horizon, offering insights into galaxy evolution and the fundamental physics of black holes. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding cosmic phenomena and the behavior of matter in extreme gravitational fields.NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover Observes Martian TwistersNext, we delve into the fascinating observations made by NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover, which has captured images of dust devils swirling on the rim of Jezero Crater. These dust devils, including one consuming another, provide important data on Martian atmospheric conditions and help refine our climate models of the Red Planet. The rover's findings highlight the role of these phenomena in influencing Martian weather and surface interactions.New Insights into Earth's Tectonic PlatesAdditionally, we discuss a new study that uncovers how anomalies in the Earth's mantle transition zone affect the movement of tectonic plates. The research suggests that thick basaltic rock compositions within this zone can influence the trajectory and speed of subducting plates, which is vital for understanding the recycling of surface materials and the long-term stability of Earth's climate. This discovery opens new avenues for studying plate tectonics and its implications for our planet's habitability.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 46 for broadcast on 16 April 202500:49 Mechanisms behind black hole jet formation06:30 Implications for galaxy evolution and black hole physics12:15 Mars Perseverance Rover's dust devil observations18:00 Importance of dust devils in Martian climate studies22:45 Insights into Earth's tectonic plate movement27:00 Summary of recent geological findings30:15 Science report: Social media's impact on body imagewww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesPublications of the Astronomical Society of Japanhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/pasjNaturehttps://www.nature.comPLOS Onehttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

(00:00:00) Lunar Water Disparities Explored, Asteroid 2024 YR4's Moonbound Journey (00:00:46) Lunar Water Differences (00:03:47) Asteroid 2024 YR4: From Earth Threat to Lunar Target (00:06:33) Singing Stars and Galactic History (00:18:56) The Science Report (00:25:11) Show Wrap SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 45The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastUncovering Lunar Water Discrepancies, Asteroid 2024 YR4's Moon Targeting, and Stellar Seismology InsightsIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the intriguing findings from China's Chang'e 6 sample return mission, which reveal that the Moon's far side is significantly drier than its near side. This discovery sheds light on the geochemical differences between the two hemispheres and offers fresh perspectives on lunar evolution and the implications for the Moon's origin.Asteroid 2024 YR4: From Earth Threat to Lunar TargetNext, we track the journey of asteroid 2024 YR4, which initially garnered attention as a potential Earth impactor. However, new observations indicate that this 60-meter-wide asteroid is now on a collision course with the Moon, raising the likelihood of an impact to 3.5%. We discuss its unique characteristics and the ongoing studies aimed at understanding its origins and physical properties.Singing Stars and Galactic HistoryAdditionally, we explore how stellar seismology is revealing the evolutionary history of stars in the open cluster Messier 67. By analyzing the oscillations of these stars, astronomers can map the history of the Milky Way and gain insights into stellar evolution. This innovative approach provides a deeper understanding of the life cycles of stars and their contributions to galactic archaeology.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 45 for broadcast on 14 April 202500:49 Findings from Chang'e 6 about lunar water distribution06:30 Implications for lunar evolution and origin theories12:15 Asteroid 2024 YR4's trajectory and characteristics18:00 Transition from Earth impactor to Moon target22:45 Stellar seismology insights from Messier 6727:00 Summary of recent astronomical discoveries30:15 Science report: Genetic engineering and the dire wolfwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNaturehttps://www.nature.comAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637XBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 44The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastNew Discoveries About Uranus, the 2025 Space Environment Robert on Space Junk, and NASA's Starliner Testing UpdatesIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking insights into the atmosphere of Uranus, derived from two decades of observations by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. Uranus, an ice giant with its unique tilt and rotation, reveals complex atmospheric dynamics that scientists are just beginning to understand. We discuss the implications of Hubble's findings, including the distribution of methane and the changing aerosol structures as the planet approaches its northern summer solstice in 2030.The 2025 Space Environment RobertNext, we delve into the European Space Agency's 2025 Space Environment Robert, highlighting the growing challenge of space debris orbiting Earth. With thousands of defunct satellites and rocket stages contributing to the clutter, we examine the risks posed to operational spacecraft and the urgent need for international debris reduction measures. The report underscores the potential for catastrophic chain reactions in space, known as Kessler Syndrome, and the pressing need for sustainable practices in orbit.Nasa and Boeing's Starliner Testing PreparationsAdditionally, we provide updates on NASA and Boeing's ongoing efforts to address issues with the CST-100 Starliner spacecraft. Following a series of test flight challenges, the teams are preparing for new evaluations and propulsion system tests aimed at certifying Starliner for future crewed missions. We discuss the history of Starliner's difficulties and what lies ahead in its journey to becoming a reliable transport vehicle for astronauts.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 44 for broadcast on 11 April 202500:49 New insights into Uranus's atmospheric dynamics06:30 Hubble's long-term observations and their implications12:15 Overview of the 2025 Space Environment Robert18:00 The growing threat of space debris22:45 NASA and Boeing's Starliner testing updates27:00 Summary of recent space exploration developments30:15 Science report: Microplastics and health impactswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesEuropean Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.intNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 43The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastExploring Venusian Volcanoes, the End of the Gaia Mission, and SpaceX's Historic Polar Orbit LaunchIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the geological mysteries of Venus, where new research suggests that convection in its crust may explain the planet's numerous volcanoes. Unlike Earth, which supports life, Venus is a harsh environment with extreme temperatures and a crushing atmosphere. We discuss how this convection could indicate a more active geological landscape than previously understood, shedding light on the planet's evolution.The Conclusion of the Gaia MissionNext, we mark the end of an era as the European Space Agency officially powers down the Gaia spacecraft. After over a decade of groundbreaking work mapping the Milky Way, Gaia has provided invaluable data that has transformed our understanding of the galaxy. We highlight the mission's key achievements and the lasting legacy of its extensive data archive that will continue to inform astronomical research for years to come.SpaceX's Manned Polar Orbit MissionAdditionally, we celebrate SpaceX's successful launch of its first manned mission to orbit above the Earth's poles. This historic flight, which included a variety of scientific experiments, showcases the capabilities of modern space travel and the potential for future polar exploration. We detail the mission's objectives, the crew's experiences, and the significance of this achievement in the context of human spaceflight.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 43 for broadcast on 9 April 202500:49 New study on volcanic activity on Venus06:30 Implications of convection in Venus's crust12:15 The end of the Gaia mission and its contributions18:00 Highlights of Gaia's discoveries and data legacy22:45 SpaceX's first manned polar orbit mission27:00 Summary of recent space exploration milestones30:15 Science report: Antibiotic use in livestock and environmental impactswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysics of Earth and Planetary Interiorshttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/physics-of-the-earth-and-planetary-interiorsEuropean Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.intNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 42The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastUnraveling Antimatter Mysteries, New Techniques to Detect Dark Matter, and Insights into the Spectrum Rocket FailureIn this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking discoveries at the Large Hadron Collider, where physicists have identified a significant difference in the decay behaviors of ordinary matter and antimatter. This finding could provide vital clues to understanding why our universe is dominated by matter despite the Big Bang's creation of equal amounts of both. We explore the implications of these results and how they align with the Standard Model of particle physics.Innovative Approaches to Dark Matter DetectionNext, we discuss an innovative new technique developed by researchers at the University of Queensland to detect dark matter using atomic clocks and cavity-stabilized lasers. This cutting-edge approach aims to uncover the elusive nature of dark matter, which constitutes about 80% of the universe yet remains largely a mystery. We examine how this method could lead to new insights into the distribution and properties of dark matter.Spectrum Rocket Launch Failure InvestigationAdditionally, we analyze the recent failure of the Spectrum rocket during its inaugural launch from Norway. Investigators are looking into the causes of the incident, which involved thrust vectoring oscillations leading to the rocket's loss of control. We discuss potential technical issues and what this means for future European orbital launches.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 42 for broadcast on 7 April 202500:49 Discovery of decay differences between matter and antimatter06:30 Implications for understanding the universe's matter dominance12:15 New techniques for detecting dark matter18:00 Using atomic clocks for dark matter research22:45 Analysis of the Spectrum rocket failure27:00 Summary of recent scientific developments30:15 Science report: Southern Ocean warming impactswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesPhysical Review Lettershttps://journals.aps.org/prl/NASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 41The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastMysterious Red Sprite Lightning, Shocking Spherules on Mars, and a New Geological Map of the Asteroid BeltIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the breathtaking phenomenon of red sprite lightning captured over the Himalayas. Chinese astrophotographers documented over 100 of these rare electrical discharges, revealing insights into the complex thunderstorms of the region. We discuss the mechanisms behind these sprites and their implications for understanding upper atmospheric phenomena.Shocking Discoveries on MarsNext, we turn our attention to Mars, where NASA's Perseverance rover has uncovered a strange rock formation composed of hundreds of millimeter-sized spheres. This unexpected discovery raises questions about the geological processes that could create such features, prompting scientists to investigate their origins and significance for Mars' geological history.New Geological Map of the Asteroid BeltAdditionally, we delve into a new geological map of the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, which has been developed to enhance our understanding of meteorite origins and planetary defense. This groundbreaking work traces the impact orbits of meteorites, providing a clearer picture of how asteroid collisions contribute to the debris we observe on Earth.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 41 for broadcast on 4 April 202500:49 Capturing red sprite lightning over the Himalayas06:30 Mechanisms behind the upper atmospheric electrical discharges12:15 Discovery of strange spherules on Mars18:00 Implications for Martian geology and history22:45 New geological map of the asteroid belt27:00 Summary of recent astronomical findings30:15 Skywatch: Highlights of April night skieswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesAdvances in Atmospheric Scienceshttps://www.springer.com/journal/13274NASAhttps://www.nasa.govMeteoritics and Planetary Sciencehttps://www.mps-journal.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 Scientists have captured rare images of red sprite lightning high above thunderstorms05:20 The Mars Perseverance rover has discovered a strange rock composed of spheres08:41 Knowing from what asteroid debris field meteorites originate is important for planetary defense efforts14:10 April is Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Month, and so consider adopting pets19:16 The Southern Cross is considered an important constellation for navigation30:17 The Southern Cross appears to have four main stars and they make up shape32:37 Brightness does not equate with distance; you've got to dig deeper33:17 Canopus is the second brightest star in the night sky36:36 Is that why the moon looks bigger on the horizon than it does high up37:58 Take a look at Jupiter with a pair of binoculars39:19 You need to be up before dawn to see Saturn, Mercury and Venus

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 40The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastLargest Organic Molecule Discovered on Mars, Parker Solar Probe's Close Encounter with the Sun, and New Insights into Earth's FormationIn this episode of SpaceTime, we discuss the remarkable discovery made by NASA's Curiosity Rover, which has identified the largest organic molecules ever found on Mars. These molecules, potentially remnants of fatty acids, suggest that prebiotic chemistry may have progressed further on the Red Planet than previously thought. We delve into the implications of these findings for future Mars sample return missions and the search for signs of past life.Parker Solar Probe's Record-Breaking PhilipWe also cover the Parker Solar Probe's successful close encounter with the Sun, where it reached an unprecedented distance of just 6.1 million kilometers from the solar surface. This flyby allowed for unique scientific observations of the Sun's corona and solar wind, providing crucial data that can enhance our understanding of solar phenomena and their impact on space weather.New Insights into Earth's Early FormationAdditionally, we explore a groundbreaking study that challenges existing assumptions about the formation of Earth's lower mantle. Researchers have found evidence suggesting that the dynamics of Earth's early formation may have involved low-pressure crystallization, altering our understanding of how terrestrial planets evolve.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 40 for broadcast on 2 April 202500:49 Discovery of largest organic molecules on Mars06:30 Implications for prebiotic chemistry and sample return missions12:15 Parker Solar Probe's record-setting solar encounter18:00 Observations of the Sun's corona and solar wind22:45 New insights into Earth's lower mantle formation27:00 Summary of recent scientific developments30:15 Discussion on healthy aging and dietary patternswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesProceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.org/NASAhttps://www.nasa.govNaturehttps://www.nature.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 39The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastMoon's Oldest Impact Crater Dated, NASA's Punch Mission Launches, and Europe's First Orbital Rocket CountdownIn this episode of SpaceTime, we reveal groundbreaking findings that pinpoint the age of the Moon's oldest and largest impact crater, the Aitken Basin. Recent analysis of lunar regolith collected by China's Chang'e 6 mission indicates that this massive structure was formed approximately 4.25 billion years ago by a colossal asteroid impact. We discuss how this discovery enhances our understanding of the Moon's geological history and its role in the solar system's evolution.NASA's Punch MissionWe also cover the successful launch of NASA's Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere (PUNCH) mission, which is now in orbit and entering its commissioning phase. This innovative mission aims to make 3D observations of the Sun's corona and its transformation into solar wind, providing vital data to improve space weather predictions and protect our technology from solar storms.Countdown for Europe's First Orbital Rocket LaunchAdditionally, we discuss the countdown for mainland Europe's first orbital rocket launch, a significant milestone for the European space economy. The launch of the Spectrum rocket by ISA Aerospace from Norway's Andoya spaceport is poised to mark a new era in European space exploration, especially following recent setbacks due to geopolitical challenges and delays in existing launch systems.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 39 for broadcast on 31 March 202500:49 Dating the Moon's Aitken Basin06:30 Analysis of lunar samples from Chang'e 6 mission12:15 Overview of NASA's Punch mission and its objectives18:00 Implications of solar wind studies for space weather prediction22:45 Countdown for Europe's first orbital rocket launch27:00 Summary of recent space exploration developments30:15 Discussion on the impact of microplastics on photosynthesiswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNational Science Reviewhttps://www.nature.com/nsr/NASAhttps://www.nasa.govISA Aerospacehttps://www.isa-aerospace.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 38The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastDeep Insights into the Dark Universe, China's Lunar Ambitions, and NASA's New Aurora MissionIn this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into the latest findings from the European Space Agency's Euclid mission, which is shedding light on the mysterious force of dark energy and how it accelerates the universe's expansion. The recently released data reveals stunning images of billions of galaxies, providing crucial insights into the nature of dark energy and its effect on cosmic history. We discuss the mission's ambitious goals and how it aims to create detailed three-dimensional maps of the universe.China's Lunar PlansWe also explore China's exciting announcement that it plans to land its first crewed mission on the Moon by 2030. With advancements in technology and infrastructure, including the Long March 10 rocket and the Mengzhou manned spacecraft, China is set to embark on a historic lunar exploration journey, aiming to establish a permanent base in collaboration with Russia.NASA's Aurora StudyAdditionally, we cover NASA's recent launch of the Electrojet Zeeman Imaging Explorer (EZI), designed to study the Earth's auroras from orbit. This innovative mission will map powerful electric currents in the upper atmosphere, enhancing our understanding of space weather and the interactions between solar storms and the Earth's magnetic field.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 38 for broadcast on 28 March 202500:49 Insights from the Euclid mission on dark energy06:30 Analysis of the newly released data and its implications12:15 Overview of China's lunar ambitions and mission details18:00 NASA's EZI mission to study auroras22:45 Discussion on the impact of solar storms on the Earth's atmosphere27:00 Summary of recent scientific developments30:15 Insights into health risks associated with marriagewww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesEuropean Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.int/NASAhttps://www.nasa.govChinese National Space Administrationhttp://www.cnsa.gov.cn/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.00:00 European Space Agency's Euclid mission releases new data on dark energy05:29 The Euclid Space Telescope is building the largest cosmic atlas ever made10:26 A new NASA mission to study Earth's aurora lights has launched into orbit12:02 A new study claims married men are three times more likely to be obese13:35 A new study has found that Carnaby's cocksatoo lives 35 years15:13 Seven West Media Network dumped nightly astrology spot to boost ratings

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 37The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastExciting New Exoplanet Discovery, Evolving Dark Energy, and Insights into the Moon's Magnetic FieldIn this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the discovery of a potential new exoplanet, TOI 2818C, located over a thousand light years away in the constellation Papus. This intriguing planetary candidate is estimated to be 10 to 16 times the size of Earth and orbits its host star in less than 16 Earth days. We delve into the innovative transit timing variations method employed by astronomers, which revealed the presence of this companion planet alongside the hot Jupiter TOI 2818b, and discuss the implications for our understanding of planetary formation in hot Jupiter systems.Dark Energy's Mysterious EvolutionWe also explore a groundbreaking study suggesting that dark energy may be evolving over cosmic time scales. Utilizing data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), scientists are piecing together the largest three-dimensional map of the universe, revealing hints that dark energy's influence could be changing. This discovery could challenge current cosmological models and reshape our understanding of the universe's fate.Dynamic Lunar Magnetic FieldAdditionally, we examine findings from China's Chang'e 6 mission, which indicate that the Moon's magnetic field has been more dynamic and lasted longer than previously thought. The analysis of lunar samples reveals a resurgence of the magnetic field around 2.8 billion years ago, suggesting that the Moon's interior remains geologically active, challenging earlier beliefs about its magnetic history.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 37 for broadcast on 26 March 202500:49 Discovery of exoplanet TOI 2818C06:30 Transit timing variations method explained12:15 Implications for hot Jupiter planetary systems18:00 Evolving dark energy and the DESI findings22:45 Insights into the Moon's magnetic field dynamics27:00 Summary of recent astronomical discoveries30:15 Discussion on the health impacts of sugary beverageswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/1538-4357Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrumenthttps://www.desi.lbl.gov/NASAhttps://www.nasa.govBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 36The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastSpace Tornadoes Discovered in the Milky Way's Core, SpaceX's Starship to Undertake a Mission to Mars Next Year, and Stranded Astronauts Finally Return Home After Nine Months in SpaceIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the astonishing discovery of enormous space tornadoes swirling in the Milky Way's central core. Astronomers have unveiled these spectacular formations, detected using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), which reveal the dynamic processes surrounding the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*. We discuss the implications of this find for our understanding of the galaxy's central molecular zone and the mechanisms driving material circulation within it.SpaceX's Ambitious Mars MissionWe also cover SpaceX's plans for its Starship rocket, which is set to undertake its first mission to Mars next year. Elon Musk outlines the ambitious timeline for human colonization of the red planet, with unmanned missions paving the way for human exploration as early as 2029. We delve into the current status of the Starship program and its significance for future lunar and Martian endeavors.Return of Stranded AstronautsAdditionally, we celebrate the safe return of NASA astronauts who were stranded aboard the International Space Station for nine months due to delays with Boeing's Starliner spacecraft. The crew's return aboard a SpaceX Dragon capsule marks the end of a dramatic saga that began with Starliner's initial launch. We recount the challenges faced by the astronauts and the implications for future crewed missions.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 36 for broadcast on 24 March 202500:49 Discovery of space tornadoes in the Milky Way06:30 Implications for the central molecular zone12:15 Overview of SpaceX's Mars mission plans18:00 Status of the Starship program and its future22:45 Return of stranded astronauts from the ISS27:00 Summary of recent space exploration developments30:15 Discussion on the impact of sleep patterns on mental healthwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Astronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/NASAhttps://www.nasa.govSpaceXhttps://www.spacex.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 35The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastDiscovery of a New Planetary System, Stable Trio of Icy Worlds in the Kuiper Belt, and the Fascinating Concept of White HolesIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the groundbreaking discovery of a nearby planetary system orbiting Barnard's Star, the second closest star system to the Sun. Located just 5.96 light years away, this system comprises four small planets, each 20 to 30% the mass of Earth, revealing new insights into the potential for life beyond our solar system. We discuss the significance of these findings and the advanced techniques used to confirm their existence, including the innovative Maroon X instrument.Exploring the Kuiper BeltWe also explore the remarkable discovery of a stable trio of small frozen worlds in the Kuiper Belt, cataloged as the Algiera system. This intriguing find, made using data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and the Keck Observatory, could potentially be only the second three-body system identified in this remote region, challenging existing theories about how such formations occur.Theoretical White HolesAdditionally, we dive into the fascinating hypothesis suggesting that black holes may transition into white holes, ejecting matter and energy back into the universe. This revolutionary idea, rooted in quantum mechanics, opens up new possibilities for understanding the nature of black holes and the fundamental workings of the universe.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 35 for broadcast on 21 March 202500:49 Discovery of a planetary system around Barnard's Star06:30 Significance of the findings and the Maroon X instrument12:15 Overview of the Algiera system in the Kuiper Belt18:00 Implications for our understanding of Kuiper Belt objects22:45 Theoretical concepts of white holes and their significance27:00 Summary of recent astronomical discoveries30:15 Discussion on health risks associated with slushy drinkswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Planetary Science Journalhttps://www.springer.com/journal/11038Physical Review Lettershttps://journals.aps.org/prl/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 34The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastSupernovae's Role in Mass Extinctions, NASA's Stellar Mapping Mission, and New Moons of SaturnIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore a fascinating new study suggesting that nearby supernovae could have triggered at least two of Earth's mass extinction events. These violent stellar explosions may have stripped away the ozone layer, exposing life to harmful ultraviolet radiation and leading to significant ecological upheaval. We delve into the implications of these findings and how they reshape our understanding of Earth's history.Nasa's SPHEREx MissionWe also discuss NASA's successful launch of the SPHEREx mission, designed to map the entire celestial sky in unprecedented detail. This mission aims to create a three-dimensional map of over 450 million galaxies, utilizing advanced spectroscopy techniques to analyze infrared light and uncover the mysteries of cosmic inflation and the ingredients necessary for life.Saturn's Expanding Moon FamilyAdditionally, astronomers have made an exciting discovery of 128 new moons orbiting Saturn, bringing its total to 274. These tiny moonlets, likely remnants of larger captured moons, offer insights into the history and evolution of the Saturnian system.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 34 for broadcast on 19 March 202500:49 Supernovae and mass extinction events06:30 The role of supernovae in Earth's history12:15 Overview of NASA's SPHEREx mission18:00 Spectroscopy and cosmic inflation studies22:45 Discovery of new moons around Saturn27:00 Summary of recent astronomical findings30:15 Discussion on dietary changes in Australia by 2030www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasNASAhttps://www.nasa.govPlanetary Science Journalhttps://www.planetarysciencejournal.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 33The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastWorld's Oldest Meteor Impact Crater, Water Ice on the Moon, and the Secretive X37B Shuttle ReturnsIn this episode of SpaceTime, we unveil the discovery of the world's oldest known meteor impact crater located in Western Australia. This ancient structure, dating back 3.5 billion years, was identified in the Pilbara region and challenges previous notions about Earth's geological history and the origins of life. We discuss the implications of this significant find, including its potential to reshape our understanding of crust formation and the environments conducive to early microbial life.Water Ice on the MoonWe also delve into exciting new research suggesting that water ice may be found just centimeters below the lunar surface across a much larger area of the Moon's polar regions than previously believed. Based on observations from India's Chandrayaan 3 mission, these findings could greatly influence future lunar exploration and habitation efforts, highlighting the potential for accessible sources of water ice.The X37B Space Shuttle's Secret MissionAdditionally, we cover the return of the United States Space Force's X37B space shuttle after a classified 434-day mission. The shuttle's successful landing at Vandenberg Space Force Base marks another milestone in its ongoing operations, which include specialized testing and reconnaissance in orbit. We explore the implications of this mission for national security and the future of space operations.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 33 for broadcast on 17 March 202500:49 Discovery of the world's oldest meteor impact crater06:30 Implications for Earth's geological history12:15 Overview of potential water ice locations on the Moon18:00 Findings from the Chandrayaan 3 mission22:45 Return of the X37B space shuttle27:00 Summary of recent scientific developments30:15 Discussion on advancements in HIV preventionwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/naturecommunications/Communications Earth and Environmenthttps://www.nature.com/commsenv/NASAhttps://www.nasa.govBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 32The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastMartian Minerals Indicating Ancient Life, World's Most Powerful Gamma Ray Observatory, and Ariane 6 Rocket Operations BeginIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking findings from NASA's Perseverance rover, which has discovered unusual rocks on Mars' Jezero crater rim, hinting at the possibility of ancient life. The rocks, rich in kaolinite, typically form in warm, wet environments, suggesting that Mars may have once hosted conditions suitable for life. We delve into the implications of these findings and what they reveal about the planet's watery past.Advancements in Gamma Ray AstronomyWe also discuss the European Commission's green light for the construction of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, projected to become the world's most powerful gamma ray observatory. This ambitious project aims to vastly expand our understanding of high-energy astronomical phenomena, potentially revealing the origins of gamma rays and their impact on galaxy formation and evolution.Europe's New Rocket EraAdditionally, we celebrate the successful launch of Europe's new Ariane 6 rocket, marking a significant milestone in the continent's space capabilities. This mission, which deployed the French CSO 3 reconnaissance satellite, signifies a return to independent access to space for Europe, following a series of delays and challenges.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 32 for broadcast on 14 March 202500:49 Discovery of kaolinite rocks on Mars06:30 Implications for ancient Martian life12:15 Overview of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory18:00 Advancements in gamma ray astronomy22:45 Successful launch of the Ariane 6 rocket27:00 Summary of significant scientific developments30:15 Discussion on recent studies in environmental sciencewww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govCommunications Earth and Environmenthttps://www.nature.com/commsenv/Geologyhttps://www.geosociety.org/geoabstracts/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 31The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastBeaches on Mars, Water's Early Emergence in the Universe, and Voyager's Power ConservationIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the groundbreaking confirmation by China's Zhurong Mars rover, which has revealed that ancient ocean beaches once graced Mars' northern hemisphere. Using advanced ground-penetrating radar, scientists have discovered sedimentary structures resembling Earth's coastal deposits, suggesting that the Red Planet once harbored a significant body of water, potentially creating habitable environments for microbial life.Water's Early Role in the UniverseWe also discuss a new study indicating that water may have formed in the universe much earlier than previously thought, just 100 to 200 million years after the Big Bang. This discovery suggests that habitable planets could have begun forming before the first galaxies, with primordial supernovae playing a crucial role in producing the necessary oxygen for water molecules.Navigating Voyager's FutureAdditionally, we cover NASA's difficult decision to turn off several scientific instruments aboard the Voyager spacecraft to conserve energy and extend their missions. With Voyager 1 and 2 now over 23 and 19 light hours away from Earth, respectively, these measures are essential to prolonging the iconic spacecraft's ability to collect unique data from interstellar space.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 31 for broadcast on 12 March 202500:49 Confirmation of ancient beaches on Mars06:30 Implications for Martian habitability12:15 Water's early emergence in the universe18:00 Role of supernovae in water formation22:45 Voyager spacecraft power conservation efforts27:00 Overview of the latest scientific studies30:15 Discussion on gender differences in romantic relationshipswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govProceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.org/Nature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 30The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastEarth's Jessica Cycles, Starship's Latest Failure, and Lunar Landings in TroubleIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore a groundbreaking discovery linking Earth's ice age cycles to its orbital shifts. Recent research indicates a predictable pattern for glacial and interglacial periods, suggesting the onset of the next ice age could occur in approximately 10,000 years. This insight stems from a million-year climate record that matches changes in Earth's orbit with significant climate shifts.Starship's Crash and BurnWe also discuss the latest mishap involving SpaceX's Starship, which experienced a dramatic failure just seconds before achieving orbit. The test flight ended in a spectacular explosion over the Caribbean, prompting multiple investigations into the incident. This marks the second consecutive failure for SpaceX's ambitious rocket program, raising concerns about its future, particularly in relation to NASA's Artemis lunar missions.New Developments on the MoonAdditionally, we report on the recent successful landing of Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost lander on the lunar surface, marking a milestone in commercial lunar exploration. However, not all lunar missions are faring well, as Intuitive Machines' IM2 lander appears to have landed on its side, echoing past failures. Meanwhile, NASA's Lunar Trailblazer has lost communication, raising further concerns about its operational status.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 30 for broadcast on 10 March 202500:49 Linking Earth's ice age cycles to orbital shifts06:30 Predicting the next ice age12:15 Overview of SpaceX's Starship crash18:00 Implications for NASA's Artemis program22:45 Successful landing of Blue Ghost on the Moon27:00 Challenges faced by IM2 and Lunar Trailblazer missions30:15 Study on vaping and smoking cessationwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govJournal of the American Medical Associationhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaSciencehttps://www.sciencemag.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 29The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastExploring Callisto's Ocean Potential, Laser Fossil Detection on Mars, and ISS Cleanliness ConcernsIn this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into exciting new research suggesting that Jupiter's moon Callisto may harbor a subsurface ocean, potentially making it another ocean world in our solar system. This revelation builds on data from NASA's Galileo spacecraft, which hinted at the presence of a salty liquid water ocean beneath Callisto's icy crust. Advanced modeling techniques have strengthened these claims, setting the stage for further exploration by NASA's Europa Clipper and ESA's Juice missions.Lasers on Mars: Searching for Ancient LifeWe also discuss innovative research that proposes using lasers to identify ancient microbial fossils on Mars. Scientists have successfully detected microbial fossils in gypsum on Earth, raising hopes that similar techniques could uncover evidence of past life on the Red Planet. The findings suggest that gypsum deposits on Mars could conceal traces of ancient life, preserved in mineral formations that formed when water evaporated billions of years ago.Health Implications of Sterility on the ISSAdditionally, we explore a new study indicating that the overly sterile environment of the International Space Station may be negatively impacting astronaut health. The research suggests that introducing a diverse range of microbes could potentially alleviate immune dysfunction and other health issues experienced by crew members during long missions in space.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 29 for broadcast on 7 March 202500:49 New findings on Callisto's potential subsurface ocean06:30 Implications for future missions to Jupiter's moons12:15 Using lasers to detect ancient life on Mars18:00 Analysis of gypsum deposits and their significance22:45 Concerns regarding ISS cleanliness and astronaut health27:00 Overview of March's night sky and celestial events30:15 Celebrating PI Day and its significance in astronomywww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govAGU Advanceshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/23335784Cellhttps://www.cell.com/Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Scienceshttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/astronomy-and-space-sciencesBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastEarth's Climate Shaped by Orion, New Insights into Mars' Red Color, and NASA's Europa Clipper Mission UpdateIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore a groundbreaking study suggesting that Earth's climate may have undergone significant changes around 14 million years ago due to our solar system's journey through the Orion star-forming region. Researchers propose that this passage may have compressed the heliosphere, increasing interstellar dust influx and potentially impacting Earth's climate and geological records.Revisiting Mars' Iconic HueWe also discuss new findings that challenge previous assumptions about why Mars is red. Recent research indicates that the planet's rusted appearance may be linked to a wetter history, with liquid water playing a crucial role in the formation of iron oxides. This revelation reshapes our understanding of Mars' habitability and environmental conditions in its ancient past.NASA's Europa Clipper MissionAdditionally, we provide an exciting update on NASA's Europa Clipper mission, which has successfully completed a close gravity assist flyby of Mars. This maneuver not only altered the spacecraft's trajectory towards Jupiter but also allowed mission managers to test its radar instrument and thermal imager, setting the stage for its upcoming encounters with the icy moon Europa.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 28 for broadcast on 5 March 202500:49 Impact of the solar system's journey through Orion on Earth's climate06:30 Details on the Radcliffe Wave and its significance12:15 New insights into Mars' red color and history of water18:00 Analysis of iron oxides and implications for Martian habitability22:45 Overview of NASA's Europa Clipper mission and its flyby of Mars27:00 The importance of gravity assists in space missions30:15 Health implications of screen time on children's visionwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncommsAstronomy and Astrophysicshttps://www.aanda.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 27The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastAsteroid 2024 YR4 Impact Risk Reduced, Insights into Mars' Core, and NASA's Lunar Mission UpdateIn this episode of SpaceTime, we bring you encouraging news about asteroid 2024 YR4, with new observations indicating that the chances of it impacting Earth have plummeted to just 0.001%. Initially flagged as a potential threat, this asteroid has been closely monitored, and the latest data from the Very Large Telescope has allowed astronomers to refine its orbit and rule out any collision risk for 2032.Exploring the Martian CoreWe also delve into a fascinating new study regarding the composition of Mars' core. Research suggests that while it may contain a liquid outer core, there could also be a solid inner core composed of iron and sulfur. This breakthrough could reshape our understanding of the Red Planet's geophysical properties and the role of lighter elements in its core.NASA's Latest Lunar MissionAdditionally, we provide an update on NASA's latest lunar mission, which has successfully launched and is heading towards the Moon's south pole. The mission features the Intuitive Machines IM2 spacecraft, equipped with the Athena lunar lander and the Lunar Trailblazer orbiter, both designed to conduct groundbreaking research and resource utilization studies on the lunar surface.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 27 for broadcast on 3 March 202500:49 Update on asteroid 2024 YR4 impact probability06:30 Importance of new observations from the Very Large Telescope12:15 Insights into the Martian core composition18:00 Research on solid inner core possibilities22:45 Overview of NASA's lunar IM2 mission27:00 Archaeological discovery of an ancient Egyptian pharaoh's tomb30:15 Discussion on the cultural significance of the Skinwalker Ranch serieswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncommsJournal of Geophysical Researchhttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/21699356Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-astronomy-science-news--2458531/support.00:00 New observations have all but completely ruled out asteroid 2024 yr, uh 4 hitting Earth00:49 New observations all but rule out asteroid 2020 yr 4 hitting Earth in 203204:23 New research suggests the Martian core may be at least partially solid09:06 NASA's latest commercial lunar Payload Services Initiative mission launches on SpaceX rocket12:48 The Prime One suite includes the Trident drill and the MSOLO spectrometer18:03 This would be the second lunar landing for intuitive machines21:22 Ocean currents may be able to withstand future global warming, study finds23:10 Archaeologists have uncovered the tomb of an ancient Egyptian pharaoh24:31 The History Channel Secret of Skinwalker Ranch is an alleged reality series

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 26The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastAsteroid Ryugu's Salty Secrets, Solar Orbiter's Venus Encounter, and NASA's Lunar Resource ExplorationIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the recent findings from the asteroid Richie, where scientists have discovered evidence of salt minerals, hinting at the presence of saline water in the outer solar system. This exciting revelation parallels previous discoveries from asteroid Bennu and enhances our understanding of the chemical history of these celestial bodies.Europe's Solar Orbiter and VenusWe also explore the European Space Agency's Solar Orbiter spacecraft as it prepares for a close flyby of Venus. This maneuver will allow the spacecraft to adjust its orbit significantly, enabling unprecedented observations of the Sun's polar regions, which have remained elusive from Earth. The encounter will provide critical data to improve our understanding of solar activity and its impact on space weather.NASA's Polar Ice ExperimentAdditionally, we discuss NASA's Polar Resources Ice Mining Experiment (PRIME 1), which aims to analyze the Moon's subsurface for potential resources. This mission is pivotal for future manned lunar explorations under the Artemis program, as it seeks to identify local resources that can support sustained human presence on the Moon.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 26 for broadcast on 28 February 202500:49 Evidence of salt minerals in Richie samples06:30 Implications for understanding outer solar system water12:15 Solar Orbiter's close encounter with Venus18:00 The significance of observing the Sun's polar regions22:45 NASA's PRIME 1 mission and lunar resource exploration27:00 Overview of recent findings on night owls and diabetes30:15 The impact of glacier melting and climate changewww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govEuropean Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.intNature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/Journal of Diabeteshttps://www.diabetesjournals.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 25The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastTwo Arrows of Time, Ancient Rocks on Mars, and NASA's Lunar Trailblazer MissionIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into a groundbreaking discovery by physicists revealing the possibility of two distinct arrows of time emerging from the quantum realm. This fascinating research challenges our conventional understanding of time, suggesting that it may not flow in just one direction, but could theoretically move both forwards and backwards under certain quantum conditions.NASA's Perseverance Rover Finds Ancient Martian RocksWe also highlight the latest findings from NASA's Perseverance rover, which has uncovered new types of rocks that may be the oldest material ever found on Mars. As the rover continues its Crater Rim campaign, it is providing critical insights into the geological history of the Red Planet and the potential for ancient habitable environments.Countdown to NASA's Lunar Trailblazer MissionAdditionally, we preview the upcoming launch of NASA's Lunar Trailblazer mission, designed to search for water ice on the Moon. The mission aims to map the distribution and form of lunar water, contributing vital information for future manned and robotic missions to the Moon.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 25 for broadcast on 26 February 202500:49 Discovery of two arrows of time in quantum physics06:30 Implications for our understanding of time12:15 Perseverance rover's exploration of ancient Martian rocks18:00 The significance of the Crater Rim campaign22:45 Overview of NASA's Lunar Trailblazer mission27:00 The importance of mapping lunar water resources30:15 Health concerns linked to aspartame consumptionwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govScientific Reportshttps://www.nature.com/srepCell Metabolismhttps://www.cell.com/cell-metabolismBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-astronomy-science-news--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 24The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastAsteroid Impact Odds, Lunar Grand Canyons, and NASA's Stranded AstronautsIn this episode of SpaceTime, we discuss the alarming increase in the odds of asteroid 2024 YR4 impacting Earth, now estimated at 3.1% for December 22, 2032. This asteroid, measuring between 40 to 90 meters, poses a significant threat, and we delve into the implications of planetary defense strategies that could be employed to mitigate this risk.The Origins of the Moon's Grand CanyonsWe also explore new research that suggests the Moon's massive canyons, Vallis Schrodinger and Valles Plank, were carved out by asteroid impacts in a mere 10 minutes. This groundbreaking study provides insights into the Moon's geological history and will have important implications for future lunar missions, particularly the upcoming Artemis program.NASA's Stranded AstronautsAdditionally, we cover the latest developments regarding NASA astronauts Sunita Williams and Butch Wiltmore, who have been stranded aboard the International Space Station since June 2024. With the potential for an earlier return home due to a change in SpaceX's Crew 10 mission schedule, we discuss the challenges they faced during their extended stay in orbit.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 24 for broadcast on 24 February 202500:49 Increased odds of asteroid 2024 YR4 impact06:30 Implications for planetary defense strategies12:15 The formation of lunar canyons from asteroid impacts18:00 Insights from the Schrodinger impact basin study22:45 NASA astronauts' potential early return to Earth27:00 Overview of La Nina's arrival in the eastern Pacific30:15 The implications of losing the sense of tastewww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/NOAAhttps://www.noaa.govJournal of the American Medical Associationhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaJournal of Vertebrate Paleontologyhttps://www.journals.uchicago.edu/journals/jvpBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-astronomy-science-news--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 23The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastSnowball Earth Evidence, Blue Origin's Parachute Failure, and the Moon Illusion ExplainedIn this episode of SpaceTime, we dive into groundbreaking geological research that provides compelling evidence for the Snowball Earth hypothesis, suggesting that glaciers may have covered the planet from pole to pole hundreds of millions of years ago. This research reveals insights into Earth's climatic history and the emergence of multicellular life following this extreme glaciation event.Blue Origin's Lunar Gravity MissionWe also discuss the recent Blue Origin mission, where the New Shepard spacecraft experienced a parachute failure during a lunar gravity simulation flight. Despite the malfunction, mission managers confirm that the capsule was designed to land safely with two parachutes, and investigations are underway to understand the issue.The Moon Illusion: Why Does It Appear Larger on the Horizon?Additionally, we explore the fascinating phenomenon known as the Moon illusion, which causes the Moon to appear larger when it is near the horizon compared to when it is high in the sky. We delve into the psychological and perceptual factors that contribute to this optical illusion, despite the Moon's actual size remaining constant.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 23 for broadcast on 21 February 202500:49 Evidence supporting the Snowball Earth hypothesis06:30 Implications for Earth's climatic history12:15 Blue Origin's lunar gravity mission details18:00 Analysis of parachute failure during descent22:45 The Moon illusion and its psychological explanations27:00 Understanding optical illusions in astronomy30:15 The self-domestication of wolves and its implicationswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govProceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.orgNew England Journal of Medicinehttps://www.nejm.orgRoyal Society Bhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rspbBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-astronomy-science-news--2458531/support.Show notes created by https://headliner.app---🎙️ Thanks for podcasting with Headliner!

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 22The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastNew Van Allen Radiation Belts, Alien Oceans and Signs of Life, and the Largest Black Hole Radio Jet Ever DetectedIn this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the discovery of two new temporary Van Allen radiation belts created by a massive solar storm that struck Earth in May 2024. This event not only produced stunning auroras but also highlighted the importance of understanding the dynamics of radiation belts for the safety of satellites and astronauts. The findings, reported by NASA's Colorado Inner Radiation Belt Experiment, reveal that these belts can last significantly longer than previously thought, with implications for future solar storms and spaceflight safety.Searching for Life in Alien OceansWe also explore the challenges of detecting signs of extraterrestrial life in the subsurface oceans of icy moons like Saturn's Enceladus. A new study suggests that the unique physics of these oceans could hinder the movement of biological signatures from deep waters to the surface, complicating the search for life beyond Earth. This research emphasizes the need to understand ocean dynamics in the search for life in our solar system.The Largest Black Hole Radio Jet in the Early UniverseAdditionally, astronomers have identified the largest radio jet ever seen in the early universe, spanning an astonishing 200,000 light years. This discovery sheds light on the formation of massive jets and quasars, providing crucial insights into the evolution of galaxies in the early cosmos. The quasar, which formed when the universe was just 9% of its current age, challenges previous assumptions about the conditions needed for such powerful jets to form.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 22 for broadcast on 19 February 202500:49 Discovery of new Van Allen radiation belts06:30 Implications of the May solar storm12:15 Challenges in detecting life in Enceladus's oceans18:00 The significance of ocean dynamics in extraterrestrial life searches22:45 The largest black hole radio jet ever observed27:00 Understanding quasars and their impact on galaxy evolution30:15 The implications of AI self-replicationwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govGeophysical Research Space Physicshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007Communications and Earth Environmenthttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/Astrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 21The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastShifting Dynamics of Earth's Inner Core, China's Lunar South Pole Mission, and Insights into Hot Jupiter ExoplanetsIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking research revealing that Earth's inner core may be less solid than previously believed. A new study indicates that the near surface of the inner core is undergoing structural transformations, influenced by interactions with the turbulent outer core. This discovery provides fresh insights into the dynamics of Earth's core and its impact on the planet's magnetic field and rotation.China's Chang'e 7 Mission: A Quest for Lunar Water IceWe also discuss China's upcoming Chang'e 7 mission, set to launch next year, which aims to search for water ice at the lunar south pole. This mission will employ advanced technologies to locate and analyze water ice deposits, crucial for supporting future manned missions to the Moon and beyond. The Chang'e 7 mission will include an orbiter, lander, rover, and a mobile hopper designed for traversing shadowed craters.Hot Jupiter Progenitor: New Discoveries in Exoplanet ResearchAdditionally, we delve into the fascinating discovery of a hot Jupiter exoplanet with an eccentric orbit, shedding light on the formation processes of these gas giants. The research indicates that this planet has likely been influenced by a binary star system, providing new evidence for the mechanisms behind hot Jupiter migration and evolution.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 21 for broadcast on 17 February 202500:49 New findings on Earth's inner core06:30 Overview of China's Chang'e 7 mission12:15 Insights from the discovery of a hot Jupiter exoplanet18:00 Implications for planetary formation theories22:45 The significance of lunar water ice for future missions27:00 Understanding the dynamics of celestial bodies30:15 The impact of climate change on global temperatureswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Geosciencehttps://www.nature.com/ngeo/Journal of Nature Climate Changehttps://www.nature.com/nclimate/Macquarie Universityhttps://www.mq.edu.auBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 20The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastNew Discoveries on Earth's Elements, Uranus's Moon Ariel, and the Fate of Comet AtlasIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into a groundbreaking study that challenges long-held beliefs about the origins of Earth's missing moderately volatile elements, such as copper and zinc. This research suggests that rather than being lost during the early formation of the solar system, these essential elements were likely retained by the first planetesimals and lost later due to violent cosmic collisions during planetary growth, reshaping our understanding of planetary chemistry and habitability.Uranus's Moon Ariel: A Window to Its InteriorWe also explore the fascinating trench-like features on Uranus's moon Ariel, which may serve as conduits for internal materials. New research indicates that these medial grooves could provide insights into Ariel's geological history and potential subsurface oceans, highlighting the complex interplay of tectonic and volcanic activities on the moon's surface.Comet Atlas: A Dying WonderAdditionally, we discuss the fate of Comet G3 Atlas, which has recently passed perilously close to the Sun, resulting in the fragmentation of its nucleus. As it fades from view, Atlas becomes a headless wonder, leaving behind a trail of debris that will continue to orbit the Sun. This episode also features a look at the stunning night skies of February, including the iconic constellations and celestial events to observe.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 20 for broadcast on 14 February 202500:49 New insights into Earth's missing elements06:30 Trench-like features on Uranus's moon Ariel12:15 The demise of Comet G3 Atlas18:00 February night sky highlights22:45 The constellation Orion and its myths27:00 Exploring the Pleiades and other celestial wonders30:15 The significance of the Milky Way in stargazingwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvPlanetary Science Journalhttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/planetary-science-journalSky and Telescopehttps://skyandtelescope.orgBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 19The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastNew Insights into Earth's Water, Asteroid Bennu's Composition, and Marsquake TriggersIn this episode of SpaceTime, we investigate a groundbreaking study that challenges previous beliefs about when water arrived on Earth. New findings suggest that water may have come in during the later stages of Earth’s formation, providing fresh perspectives on the origins of life on our planet. The study highlights the importance of molybdenum isotopes in understanding the timing of water delivery and the conditions necessary for life.Searles Lake and Asteroid BennuWe also explore the intriguing similarities between Searles Lake in California and the asteroid Bennu, as researchers find that both environments share common water-soluble minerals. The Osiris Rex mission has revealed that Bennu's samples contain evaporite minerals formed under wet conditions, shedding light on the potential for life-sustaining elements in our solar system's past.Meteoroid Impacts and MarsquakesAdditionally, a new study indicates that meteoroid impacts may play a more significant role in triggering marsquakes than previously considered. Analyses from NASA's Mars InSight lander reveal that many seismic events on Mars could be linked to impacts, challenging existing assumptions about the planet's seismic activity.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 19 for broadcast on 12 February 202500:49 Water arrival on Earth06:30 Searles Lake and asteroid Bennu12:15 Meteoroid impacts and Marsquakes18:00 Changes in men's height and weight22:45 Discovery of ancient bird fossils in Antarctica27:00 The best way to boil an egg30:15 AI and national security concernswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth checking out...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govGeochemistry and Cosmochemistryhttps://www.elsevier.com/journals/geochemistry-and-cosmochemistryNaturehttps://www.nature.comGeophysical Research Lettershttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007Biology Lettershttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/blNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 18The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastAsteroid Threat Level Rusty, Dark Matter Experiment, and Martian Lava RocksIn this episode of SpaceTime, we discuss the alarming increase in the threat level of near-Earth asteroid 2024 YR4, now assessed at a 2.3% chance of impacting Earth on December 22, 2032. With astronomers worldwide closely monitoring its trajectory, we explore the potential consequences of an impact from this asteroid, including the possibility of a catastrophic airburst or a significant surface collision.New Dark Matter Experiment in SpaceWe also delve into an ambitious new experiment aimed at uncovering the mysteries of dark matter. Researchers are testing a device that could potentially detect dark matter by measuring tiny signals in a zero-gravity environment. This groundbreaking approach seeks to provide insights into the elusive substance that constitutes approximately 85% of the universe's mass.Insights from Martian Lava RocksAdditionally, we examine findings from NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover, which are shedding light on a critical period in Martian history. The analysis of igneous rocks in Jezero Crater suggests that the Martian crust was formed through widespread volcanism, offering a glimpse into the planet's geological evolution and its implications for understanding the early solar system.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 18 for broadcast on 10 February 202500:49 Increased threat from asteroid 2024 YR406:30 New dark matter detection experiment in space12:15 Martian lava rocks and the history of the Red Planet18:00 Microplastics accumulation in the human brain22:45 WHO review on radio wave exposure and cancer27:00 Genetically modified rice with reduced methane emissions30:15 Jane Goodall's belief in Sasquatch and its implicationswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govJournal of Science Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNature Medicinehttps://www.nature.com/nm/Molecular Planthttps://www.cell.com/molecular-plant/homeAustralian Skepticshttps://www.skeptics.com.auBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 17The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastVolcanic Activity on Io, Ceres and the Building Blocks of Life, and New Exoplanet Search TechnologyIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the astonishing discovery of the largest volcanic hotspot ever observed on Jupiter's moon, Io. NASA's Juno mission reveals a feature that dwarfs Earth's Lake Superior and produces eruptions with six times the energy output of all the world's power plants. This unprecedented volcanic activity is driven by intense gravitational interactions with Jupiter, resulting in a dynamic landscape riddled with approximately 400 volcanoes.The Mystery of Ceres' Organic CompoundsWe also delve into new findings regarding the dwarf planet Ceres, where scientists have determined that organic deposits on its surface likely did not originate from its interior. Instead, these building blocks of life may have arrived through impacts from meteoroids, raising questions about the origins of life-sustaining compounds in our solar system.Advancements in Exoplanet Detection TechnologyAdditionally, we discuss the latest advancements in technology designed to search for Earth-like exoplanets. The newly developed coronagraph for NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will significantly enhance our ability to directly image distant planets by blocking out starlight, paving the way for future missions aimed at identifying habitable worlds beyond our solar system.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 17 for broadcast on 7 February 202500:49 Discovery of a massive volcanic hotspot on Io06:30 Insights into organic compounds on Ceres12:15 New technology for exoplanet detection18:00 Omega-3 fatty acids and biological aging22:45 Infants' sense of smell development27:00 Tasmania's tallest trees documented30:15 Flat Earth theory and recent Antarctic explorationswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNaturehttps://www.nature.comJournal of Geophysical Researchhttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/21699356Journal of Astrobiologyhttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/astrobiologyAustralian Journal of BiologyBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 16The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastNew Discoveries on the Moon, Venus Exploration, and Titan's AtmosphereIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into a groundbreaking study revealing that the Moon may not be as geologically inactive as previously believed. Observations of small ridges on the lunar far side suggest recent tectonic activity, indicating that the Moon's geological history is more dynamic than once thought. Researchers found that these features, formed within the last 200 million years, could have significant implications for future lunar missions.NASA's Davinci Mission to VenusWe also discuss NASA's upcoming Davinci mission, set to explore the mysteries of Venus. This innovative mission will deploy a descent probe into the planet's thick atmosphere, capturing high-resolution images and analyzing its unique geological features, including the ancient Tesserae that may provide insights into Venus's past.Understanding Titan's AtmosphereAdditionally, we explore new research on Saturn's moon Titan, which maintains its dense nitrogen-rich atmosphere through chemical reactions occurring deep beneath its surface. The findings suggest that Titan's atmosphere, which features liquid methane rain and a complex organic chemistry, is replenished by internal processes that have puzzled scientists since its discovery.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 16 for broadcast on 5 February 202500:49 New findings on the geological activity of the Moon06:30 Overview of NASA's Davinci mission to Venus12:15 How Titan maintains its atmosphere18:00 Increase in temperature-related deaths in Europe22:45 Discovery of magma chambers in dormant volcanoes27:00 Creation of bipaternal mice using stem cell engineering30:15 Overview of Deepseek AI chatbotwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govPlanetary Science Journalhttps://www.elsevier.com/journals/planetary-science-journalGeochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystemshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15252027Nature Medicinehttps://www.nature.com/nm/Nature Geosciencehttps://www.nature.com/ngeo/Cell Stem Cellhttps://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/homeTechAdvice Lifehttps://www.techadvice.life/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 15The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastBuilding Blocks of Life on Asteroid Bennu, New Asteroid Threat, and Lunar Dome MissionIn this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking discoveries from the asteroid Bennu, where scientists have detected the molecular building blocks of life in samples returned by NASA's Osiris Rex spacecraft. These findings indicate a rich history of salt water on Bennu, suggesting that the essential conditions for life may have been widespread throughout the early solar system. The analysis reveals 14 amino acids and five nucleobases, hinting at the potential for life beyond Earth.A New Asteroid Threat to EarthWe also discuss the newly identified asteroid 2024 YR4, which poses a significant risk with a 1 in 83 chance of impact on December 22, 2032. This near-Earth object, measuring between 40 and 100 meters wide, has astronomers concerned due to its potential for causing a powerful airburst explosion or even a surface impact.Investigating Mysterious Lunar DomesAdditionally, NASA is gearing up for a mission to explore the enigmatic Gruthusen domes on the Moon, as part of the Lunar Vice mission by Firefly Aerospace. This mission aims to unravel the origins of these dome-like structures and assess the Moon's volcanic history, providing insights into its evolution and potential resources for future exploration.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 15 for broadcast on 3 February 202500:49 Discovery of building blocks of life in Bennu samples06:15 New asteroid threat 2024 YR412:30 NASA's Lunar Vice mission to study lunar domes18:00 CIA assessment on COVID-19 origins22:45 Elderberry juice and metabolic health27:00 Feathered dinosaur tail preserved in amber30:15 Link between UFO sightings and economic conditionswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNaturehttps://www.nature.comNature Astronomyhttps://www.nature.com/natureastronomy/Current Biologyhttps://www.cell.com/current-biology/homeJournal of Nutrientshttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrientsAustralian Skepticshttps://www.skeptics.com.auBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 14The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastAsteroid from the Moon, Lunar Landers, and Trump’s Mars AmbitionsIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the intriguing discovery of a small asteroid, designated 2024 PT5, which is believed to be a fragment of the Moon ejected into space by a historic impact. This 10-meter wide near-Earth object offers new insights into both asteroid and lunar science, as researchers confirm its composition aligns closely with lunar rock samples.Two Lunar Landers Launch for the MoonSpaceX successfully launched two lunar landers, Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost and ispace's Resilience, as part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services program. These missions aim to deliver critical hardware to the Moon in preparation for a sustainable human presence under the Artemis program. Blue Ghost will conduct a variety of scientific experiments, including lunar subsurface drilling and thermal measurements, while Resilience will deploy a forward robotic micro rover to explore the lunar surface.Trump's Vision for MarsIn a bold statement during his inauguration, US President Donald Trump pledged to plant the Stars and Stripes on Mars, reaffirming America’s commitment to space exploration. This ambitious goal aligns with SpaceX's plans to colonize the Red Planet, as both the US and China ramp up efforts for lunar and Martian exploration.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 14 for broadcast on 31 January 202500:49 Discovery of asteroid 2024 PT5 as a lunar fragment06:30 Launch of Blue Ghost and Resilience lunar landers12:15 President Trump's pledge to plant the flag on Mars18:00 Risks associated with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists22:45 New methods for zero carbon dioxide ammonia production27:00 Discovery of the world’s oldest three-dimensional map30:15 Concerns over unverified academic titleswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govSpaceXhttps://www.spacex.comAstrophysical Journal Lettershttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205Nature Medicinehttps://www.nature.com/nm/Oxford Journal of Archaeologyhttps://academic.oup.com/ojlAustralian Skepticshttps://www.skeptics.com.auBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 13Mysteries of Water on Mars and the Origins of Earth's MoonIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking discoveries about the history of water on Mars. New research reveals thousands of mounds on the Martian northern plains, rich in clay minerals, indicating that this area was once submerged under a vast ocean. These findings, reported in Nature Geoscience, suggest that the mounds preserve a complete geological history of water on Mars, making them prime targets for future exploration missions searching for signs of past life.Could the Moon be a Piece of Earth?We also delve into a fascinating study proposing that the Moon could have formed from material ejected from the Earth's mantle rather than from the impact of a Mars-sized body, as previously thought. This new hypothesis, based on isotopic similarities between Earth and Moon samples, offers fresh insights into the origins of our lunar companion and the potential pathways for water to have reached Earth.Establishing a Permanent Presence on the MoonAdditionally, we discuss the challenges and innovations required to establish a permanent human presence on the Moon as part of NASA's Artemis program. From 3D printing to robotics and artificial intelligence, experts outline the critical technologies needed to build infrastructure on the lunar surface and the hurdles that must be overcome to make this ambitious goal a reality.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 13 for broadcast on 29 January 202500:49 New evidence of ancient water on Mars06:15 Could the Moon be a chunk of Earth?12:30 Challenges of establishing a permanent lunar base18:00 ADHD diagnosis linked to shorter lifespans22:45 Catastrophic coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef27:00 Blue rings in trees linked to volcanic eruptions30:15 Samsung's new AI smartphoneswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govNature Geosciencehttps://www.nature.com/ngeo/Proceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.org/University of Sydneyhttps://www.sydney.edu.auBritish Journal of Psychiatryhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatryFrontiers in Plant Sciencehttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-scienceTechAdvicehttps://www.techadvice.life/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 12Unveiling the Mysteries of Fast Radio Bursts and Mars' GeologyIn this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the enigmatic origins of fast radio bursts (FRBs), those mysterious cosmic phenomena that release immense energy in mere nanoseconds. Recent findings challenge existing theories about their sources, suggesting that some FRBs may originate from regions in ancient, dead galaxies, raising profound questions about the nature of these bursts and their potential as cosmic probes.Is Mars Still Geologically Active?A new study based on data from NASA's InSight lander indicates that Mars may still be geologically active. By analyzing marsquakes, researchers have uncovered evidence suggesting that the southern hemisphere of the Red Planet has a thicker crust and higher elevation than the northern hemisphere, providing insights into its geological history and evolution over billions of years.Celestial Treat for Southern Hemisphere Sky WatchersSky watchers in the Southern Hemisphere are in for a treat as Comet C/2024 G3 Atlas dazzles with its stunning display following a close encounter with the Sun. The comet's vibrant tails and the alignment of six planets provide a spectacular opportunity for stargazers to explore the night sky.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 12 for broadcast on 27 January 202500:49 Mysterious origins of fast radio bursts06:30 Evidence of geological activity on Mars12:15 Comet C/2024 G3 Atlas and planetary alignment18:00 New anti-clotting drugs for atrial fibrillation patients22:45 Rare corpse flower blooms in Sydney27:00 FDA bans controversial red dye number three30:15 Declining trust in mainstream mediawww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN New Year deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govAustralian National Universityhttps://www.anu.edu.auGeophysical Research Lettershttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19447920Royal Botanical Gardens Sydneyhttps://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.auNew England Journal of Medicinehttps://www.nejm.orgGallup Pollhttps://news.gallup.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 11Ancient Water on Mars and the Birth of the Universe's LightsScientists have uncovered two sets of ancient wave ripples on Mars, revealing evidence of long-dried ponds and lakes that once existed on the Red Planet. Discovered by NASA's Curiosity rover, these ripples, formed approximately 3.7 billion years ago, indicate that shallow bodies of water were open to the Martian atmosphere, challenging previous climate models suggesting an ice-covered surface. This finding extends our understanding of the timeline for liquid water on Mars and its potential for microbial life.A Quasar's Role in Cosmic IlluminationAstronomers have detected a highly variable quasar that may have played a crucial role in turning on the lights of the universe. This quasar, observed by the NuSTAR and Chandra X-ray space telescopes, is one of the most distant objects detected and provides new insights into the growth of supermassive black holes in the early universe. Its rapid brightness fluctuations offer vital clues about the epoch of reionization, a time when the universe transitioned from darkness to light.European Space Agency's Probe 3 Mission MilestoneThe European Space Agency's Probe 3 spacecraft has successfully split into two, marking a significant step in its ambitious mission. This unique formation-flying mission aims to create artificial solar eclipses to study the Sun's corona with unprecedented precision. The two spacecraft will maintain a separation of just 150 meters, demonstrating advanced navigation and propulsion technologies essential for future space exploration.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 11 for broadcast on 24 January 202500:49 Discovery of ancient wave ripples on Mars06:15 Quasar may illuminate the early universe12:30 European Space Agency's Probe 3 spacecraft successfully splits18:00 Blood vessel fingerprint in the eye may indicate stroke risk22:45 Early humans adapted to desert-like conditions26:00 Global water cycle disruptions due to climate extremes30:00 Reevaluation of the Paleo diet based on ancient human dietswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.govCaltechhttps://www.caltech.eduYale Universityhttps://www.yale.eduEuropean Space Agencyhttps://www.esa.intIndian Space Research Organisationhttps://www.isro.gov.inAstrophysical Journalhttps://iopscience.iop.org/journal/637X7--- UK Biobankhttps://www.ukbiobank.ac.ukAustralian Skepticshttps://www.skeptics.com.auNational Science Foundationhttps://www.nsf.govBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 10Gaia's Sky Scanning Completion and Mid Infrared Flare from Sagittarius A*The European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft has completed its sky scanning phase, marking a monumental achievement in astronomical missions. Over the past decade, Gaia has transformed our understanding of the Milky Way by mapping the positions and characteristics of billions of stars. This mission has provided unprecedented insights into the origins and evolution of our galaxy, revealing its structure and history like never before.Mid Infrared Flare from the Milky Way's Supermassive Black HoleAstronomers have detected a mid infrared flare from Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. This discovery, made using NASA's Webb Space Telescope, fills a crucial gap in our understanding of black hole flares and supports existing models of magnetic reconnection in the accretion disk surrounding the black hole.Discovery of a New Type of ExoplanetNASA's Webb Space Telescope has unveiled a new type of exoplanet, unlike anything in our solar system. The planet, GJ1214B, exhibits a carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere similar to Venus, challenging previous assumptions about exoplanet atmospheres and providing new insights into planetary formation.00:00 This is space time series 28 episode 10 for broadcast of 22 January 202500:49 European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft has completed its 10th science mission05:22 First ever detection of mid infrared flare from Milky Way's supermassive black hole11:15 NASA's Webb Space Telescope has discovered a new type of planet14:11 New study suggests eating carrots can improve the treatment of type 2 diabetes17:41 Tesla is launching satellite connectivity for regular mobile phones in Australiawww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesEuropean Space Agency (ESA)[https://www.esa.int/](https://www.esa.int/)Gaia Mission[https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Gaia](https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Gaia)arXiv.org[https://arxiv.org/](https://arxiv.org/)NASA's Webb Space Telescope[https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/)Event Horizon Telescope[https://eventhorizontelescope.org/](https://eventhorizontelescope.org/)Harvard Center for Astrophysics[https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/](https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/)Astrophysical Journal Letters[https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/8205](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205)8--- Nature Communications[https://www.nature.com/ncomms/](https://www.nature.com/ncomms/)Clinical and Translational Science[https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/17528062](https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/17528062)TechAdvice[https://www.techadvice.life/](https://www.techadvice.life/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 09Starship's Fiery End and Blue Origin's New Glenn DebutSpaceX's Starship experienced a dramatic explosion during its seventh test flight, marking both success and setback. While the super heavy booster was successfully caught by the launch tower's chopstick arms, the Starship upper stage exploded during ascent. Despite the fiery end, the mission demonstrated significant advancements in booster recovery technology.Blue Origin's New Glenn Maiden FlightBlue Origin's New Glenn mega rocket has completed its first flight, successfully reaching orbit. However, the mission wasn't flawless, as the first stage booster failed to land on a pre-positioned barge in the Atlantic Ocean. The mission's payload, a prototype for the Blue Ring orbital vehicle, was successfully deployed, marking a significant milestone for Blue Origin.Mysterious Stellar Pulsations ExplainedAstronomers have pinpointed the source of mysterious long-period radio transients, linking them to a binary star system comprising a white dwarf and a red dwarf. This discovery, made using data from the Murchison Wide Field Array and the Meerkat telescope, offers new insights into these enigmatic astrophysical events.00:00 Space Time Starship destroyed in spectacular explosion during its seventh test flight00:48 Super heavy booster successfully caught by launch tower's chopsticks during textbook landing07:09 Debris spotted streaking over Caribbean Sea after SpaceX Falcon 7 launch11:05 Blue Origin's new Glenn has successfully undertaken its maiden flight16:55 Astronomers have discovered the source of mysterious extreme astrophysical event20:50 Long period radio transients are mysterious new class of repeating radio source in space29:08 Long period radio transients may be caused by binary M dwarf white dwarf systems32:12 New study warns shallow groundwater is projected to warm by 3.5 degrees Celsius by 209934:29 All the hype about mysterious drones over New Jersey disappeared after LA wildfireswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/aboutBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 08Origins of Fast Radio Bursts UnveiledAstronomers have pinpointed the source of fast radio bursts, specifically linking them to magnetars, a type of highly magnetic neutron star. This breakthrough, reported in Nature, was achieved by analysing the scintillation of FRB2022 1022A, indicating its proximity to a magnetar within 10,000 kilometres. This discovery sheds light on the mysterious phenomenon, suggesting that all fast radio bursts might originate from similarly extreme environments.Lunar Water's Terrestrial OriginsA groundbreaking study reveals that much of the Moon's water may have originated from early Earth. By examining Apollo-era lunar samples with a high precision triple oxygen isotope technique, scientists discovered a dual heritage of lunar water, tracing back to both proto-Earth and cometary impacts. This finding offers new insights into the Earth-Moon system's formation 4.5 billion years ago.Juno's Insights into IO's VolcanismNASA's Juno mission has uncovered that Jupiter's moon IO's volcanoes are powered by individual magma chambers rather than a global magma ocean. This revelation, stemming from Juno's close flybys and gravitational measurements, highlights the unique geological dynamics of the solar system's most volcanically active body. The findings provide a deeper understanding of tidal flexing and its effects on celestial bodies.00:00 Astronomers have finally narrowed down the source of those mysterious fast radio bursts08:01 New study shows much of moon's water originates on early proto Earth10:32 Scientists with NASA's Juno mission to Jupiter have discovered volcanoes on IO16:33 There now seems to be more carbon stored in human made stuff than natural world18:41 Study shows each of the Disney princesses could have exposed themselves to illnesses19:40 Alaska Triangle has highest recorded numbers of paranormal incidents in the worldwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/aboutBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 07Dark Matter's Role in Milky Way's Stellar StreamsNew research suggests that dark matter may have influenced the formation of the GD-1 stellar stream in the Milky Way. A study in the Astrophysical Journal Letters proposes that a core-collapsing, self-interacting dark matter subhalo could explain the unusual spur and gap features observed in the stream. This finding could deepen our understanding of dark matter's properties and its influence on the universe.Sun's Triple Solar Flare EruptionThe Sun has unleashed three significant X-class solar flares in a single day, with the first and third being X1.1 flares and the second an X1.5. These powerful eruptions, detected by NOAA's Solar Ultraviolet Imager, are part of the Sun's approach to solar maximum, the peak of its 11-year solar cycle. Solar flares can disrupt Earth's communications, power grids, and pose health risks to astronauts.Quadrantids Meteor Shower SpectacleThe Earth is experiencing the Quadrantids meteor shower, offering a dazzling display of shooting stars. Originating from the near-Earth asteroid 2003 EH1, the Quadrantids are best viewed from dark locations, with peak sightings expected in the Pacific region. Sky watchers can anticipate around 50 meteors per hour, with potential fireballs enhancing the spectacle.00:00 This is space time series 28 episode 7 for broadcast on 15 January 202500:46 New research proposes a self interacting dark matter subhalo could explain GD1 features04:24 The sun unleashed three significant X class solar flares on the same day07:19 Earth is experiencing one of its most spectacular meteor showers, the Quadrantids14:31 A quarter of the world's freshwater animals are at risk of extinction16:43 Facebook boss Mark Zuckerberg admits that his fact checkers are dishonest20:28 CES has wrapped up in Las Vegas with lots of interesting gadgetswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesUniversity of California, Riverside[ucr.edu](https://www.ucr.edu/)Astrophysical Journal Letters[iopscience.iop.org/journal/8205](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205)3--- National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)[noaa.gov](https://www.noaa.gov/)Royal Astronomical Society[ras.ac.uk](https://www.ras.ac.uk/)Journal of Nature[nature.com](https://www.nature.com/)Journal of the American Medical Association[jamanetwork.com](https://jamanetwork.com/)Facebook[facebook.com](https://www.facebook.com/)Babylon Bee[babylonbee.com](https://babylonbee.com/)Tech Advice Stuart Life[techadvice.com](https://www.techadvice.com/)Space Time with Stuart Gary[spacetimewithstuartgary.com](https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 06Formation of Pluto-Charon Binary SystemA new study reveals that the formation of the Pluto-Charon dwarf planet binary system may mirror that of the Earth-Moon system. The research, published in Nature Geoscience, suggests that both systems feature a secondary body significantly large in comparison to the primary, unlike other moons in our solar system. The findings could explain Pluto's active geology and potential subsurface ocean, highlighting the significance of giant impacts in shaping planetary bodies.BepiColombo's Final Mercury FlybyThe BepiColombo spacecraft has completed its final close flyby of Mercury, passing just 295 kilometres above the planet's surface. This manoeuvre marks the last gravity assist required for the joint ESA and JAXA mission before it enters Mercury's orbit in late 2026. The mission aims to study Mercury's magnetic field, surface composition, and interaction with the solar wind, enhancing our understanding of planets close to their host stars.Astronomy Highlights for 20252025 promises exciting astronomical events, with the Sun's solar cycle nearing its peak. Highlights include a rare edge-on view of Saturn's rings, potential brightening of comet G3 Atlas, and two lunar eclipses. The year also features significant planetary alignments, meteor showers, and opportunities to observe the Southern Cross and the centre of the Milky Way. Dr. Nick Glom provides insights into these celestial events and more.00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 6 for broadcast on 13 January 202500:27 A new study suggests the formation of the Pluto Charon dwarf planet binary system04:35 BepiColombo spacecraft makes its final flyby of Mercury09:27 This is space time. We take a look at the year ahead in astronomy10:47 Mid January will be a very interesting time to look at the night sky13:05 There are two big highlights in March with the eclipse of the moon and Saturn13:46 The other big event of course is the crossing of the rings of Saturn17:03 The Southern Cross is well positioned during the month of June18:38 Venus and Jupiter are the two brightest planets in the night sky19:16 Also in August, it's a great time to have a look at Sagittarius20:35 Total eclipse of the Moon occurs when Moon moves into Earth's shadow23:06 The Australasian Sky Guide has just released its 30th edition25:05 World Meteorological Organisation confirms that 2024 was the warmest year on record29:34 It's claimed that two allegedly Celtic heads could turn you into a werewolfwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesUniversity of Arizona[https://www.arizona.edu](https://www.arizona.edu)Nature Geoscience[https://www.nature.com/ngeo/](https://www.nature.com/ngeo/)European Space Agency (ESA)[https://www.esa.int](https://www.esa.int)Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)[https://global.jaxa.jp/](https://global.jaxa.jp/)Ariane 5 rocket[https://www.arianespace.com/vehicle/ariane-5/](https://www.arianespace.com/vehicle/ariane-5/)Kourou Spaceport[https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Spaceport](https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Spaceport)Australasian Sky Guide[https://www.powerhouse.com.au/publication/australasian-sky-guide/](https://www.powerhouse.com.au/publication/australasian-sky-guide/)Powerhouse Museum[https://www.maas.museum/powerhouse-museum/](https://www.maas.museum/powerhouse-museum/)European Heart Journal[https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj](https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj)Journal of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences[https://www.springer.com/journal/376](https://www.springer.com/journal/376)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 05Volcanic Activity on MarsNew research suggests recent volcanic activity on Mars, with eruptions possibly occurring within the last 50,000 years. This discovery, based on satellite observations, highlights a mysterious dark deposit in Elysium Planitia, indicating explosive volcanism. The findings could mean Mars is still volcanically active, raising possibilities of habitable conditions due to interactions between magma and icy substrates.Mysteries of Supernova 1987AAstronomers using the Murchison Wide Field Array have been delving into the enigmatic Supernova 1987A. The supernova, marking the death of a blue supergiant star, offers insights into stellar evolution. The peculiar hourglass shape and the unexpected blue supergiant phase of the progenitor star continue to puzzle scientists.Dream Chaser Space Plane Launch DelayedThe inaugural flight of the Dream Chaser space plane, Tenacity, is now scheduled for May. The spacecraft will carry supplies to the International Space Station, showcasing its capabilities. Sierra Space plans to use Dream Chaser for future missions, including building an orbiting habitat.00:00 New study claims there's evidence for recent volcanic activity on Mars05:34 Low frequency radio observations have provided a window into SN 1987A's past life13:30 The long awaited inaugural flight of Sierra Space's Dream Chaser space plane is now expected18:52 Canadian scientists compared prevalence and risk of mental disorders between trans and gender diverse people21:07 Phoenix, Arizona named as America's top location for UFO sightingswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/aboutBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 04Challenging the Existence of Dark EnergyA groundbreaking study from the University of Canterbury in New Zealand is challenging the long-held belief in dark energy, suggesting that the universe's expansion might not require this enigmatic force. The research proposes the "timescape" model, which accounts for variations in cosmic expansion rates by considering differences in gravitational time dilation. This model could potentially resolve some of the universe's biggest mysteries, including the Hubble tension, by suggesting that dark energy is simply a misinterpretation of cosmic conditions.Solar Wind Slowing Beyond PlutoNASA's New Horizons spacecraft has detected a slowdown in the solar wind as it travels beyond Pluto. The data reveals that the solar wind, a stream of charged particles from the Sun, decelerates as it picks up interstellar material. This discovery offers new insights into the heliosphere's outer reaches and the interaction between solar and interstellar forces.Venus's Volcanic PastNew research indicates that Venus's ancient tesserae regions, once thought to be akin to Earth's continental crust, may actually be composed of layered volcanic rocks. This finding, based on radar data from NASA's Magellan mission, challenges previous assumptions and provides fresh perspectives on Venus's geological history.00:00 New observations show the solar wind slowing down beyond Pluto00:27 New study claims dark energy doesn't explain accelerating universe11:27 If the universe has an energy field of the right kind, expansion can accelerate18:22 Some tesserae on Venus have layering consistent with volcanic activity21:07 Scientists have identified a new genetic link to autism spectrum disorder23:51 LG will release a fridge with a transparent OLED door24:58 The flip phone turns 29 on January 3rd, 199626:28 Microsoft have announced their own version of Apple's Mac Mini27:31 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcastswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters[https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl](https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl)Astrophysical Journal[https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/)Journal Geology[https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology](https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 03Parker Solar Probe's Historic JourneyNASA's Parker Solar Probe has made history by becoming the fastest man-made object, surviving a record-breaking close approach to the Sun's surface. The probe, travelling at an unprecedented speed of 155,520 kilometres per hour, flew just 6.1 million kilometres above the Sun, providing invaluable data to help scientists understand the Sun's impacts on the solar system, including Earth. This mission marks a significant achievement in space exploration, shedding light on the Sun's mysterious processes and aiding in the search for habitable worlds beyond our planet.Mystery of Ultra Luminous X-Ray SourcesAstronomers have detected unusual flaring activity in an ultra luminous X-ray source, challenging our understanding of these enigmatic cosmic phenomena. Observations reveal flux variations by up to a factor of six over a few hours, offering new insights into the nature of these powerful sources, which could be linked to feeding supermassive black holes or intermediate mass black holes.Solar Cycle and La Niña ConnectionA new study suggests a possible link between the Sun's 11-year solar cycle and Earth's La Niña weather patterns. The findings indicate that solar variability may drive seasonal weather changes, potentially improving predictions of major climatic events like El Niño and La Niña, which have significant impacts on global weather patterns.January Skywatch00:00 Stuart Gary talks about NASA's Parker Solar Probe and more00:39 NASA's Parker Solar Probe survived its close approach to the sun on December 2405:19 NASA's Parker Solar Probe is 3.8 million miles from the sun10:52 Astronomers studying an ultra luminous X ray source have detected strange flaring activity13:12 Solar variability may be driving seasonal weather variability here on Earth17:19 New study suggests eating more fruits and vegetables could help reduce depression19:35 A much anticipated United States Congressional hearing on UFOs turned out to be flop25:23 A new paper claims that one of the biggest mysteries in science doesn't actually exist35:55 If the universe has an energy field of the right kind, expansion can accelerate42:59 New findings could provide fresh insights into the enigmatic planet's geological history45:50 Scientists have identified a new genetic link to autism spectrum disorder48:29 LG will release a fridge with a transparent OLED door49:35 Nintendo has announced that it will launch its Nintendo Switch by March 31st51:06 Microsoft have announced their own version of Apple's Mac Mini with ARM chips52:25 A new study claims there's evidence for recent volcanic activity on Mars56:11 Astronomers using radio telescope in Western Australia study supernova 1987A01:04:08 What exactly caused 87A to go to a blue super giant phase01:05:12 The long awaited inaugural flight of Sierra Space's Dream Chaser space plane is now expected01:10:34 Canadian scientists compared prevalence and risk of mental disorders between trans and gender diverse people01:12:49 Phoenix, Arizona named as America's top location for UFO sightingswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA Parker Solar Probe[NASA Parker Solar Probe](https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/parker-solar-probe)Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory[Johns Hopkins APL](https://www.jhuapl.edu/)XMM-Newton Space Telescope[XMM-Newton](https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton)NuStar Space Telescope[NuStar](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/nustar/main/index.html)Chandra X-ray Observatory[Chandra](https://chandra.harvard.edu/)Swift Space Telescope[Swift](https://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/)NGC 4559 Galaxy[NGC 4559](https://www.constellation-guide.com/ngc-4559/)Earth and Space Sciences Journal[Earth and Space Sciences](https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/23335084)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 02Liquid Water on Mars: A Mirage?A new study casts doubt on the existence of liquid water on Mars, challenging previous assumptions about recurring slope lineae and the potential for brine pools. Researchers argue that the Martian environment's low temperature and pressure make it unlikely for liquid water to exist, even in the form of salty brines. The findings question the habitability of the Red Planet by Earth standards.New Asteroids DiscoveredNASA's Webb Space Telescope has identified a new population of small main belt asteroids between Mars and Jupiter. These 138 newly discovered celestial bodies range in size from a bus to a football stadium, offering insights into asteroid formation and the potential risks of asteroid impacts on Earth.Australia's Lunar Rover Project AdvancesAustralia's first Lunar Rover project is moving forward with the development of prototype rovers and essential technology to tackle lunar dust challenges. Supported by the Australian Space Agency, this $42 million initiative aims to enhance Australia's role in lunar exploration.January Skywatch00:00 New study claims we're unlikely to ever find liquid water on Mars04:50 NASA's Webb Space Telescope has discovered 138 new asteroids in the main asteroid belt07:53 January marks Earth's closest orbital position to the sun perihelion09:59 Sirius is the fifth closest star to the sun and it's gradually moving closer16:37 Looking due north just above the horizon this time of year you'll see Capella22:28 January also plays host to one primary meteor shower, the Quadrantids24:26 There's plenty to see in the night sky during January, as long as28:36 The Orion Nebula looks magnificent through a telescope and even better on photos31:59 Just beyond Orion we've got Taurus constellation Taurus33:05 On 15 January, planet Mars reaches its closest point in its orbitwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences[https://www.pnas.org/](https://www.pnas.org/)NASA Ames Research Center[https://www.nasa.gov/ames](https://www.nasa.gov/ames)Australian Space Agency[https://www.industry.gov.au/space](https://www.industry.gov.au/space)Sky & Telescope Magazine[https://skyandtelescope.org/](https://skyandtelescope.org/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 01Webb Telescope Confirms Hubble TensionThe James Webb Space Telescope has confirmed the Hubble Tension, challenging the current understanding of cosmic theory. New observations reveal that the Universe is expanding faster now than during its early years, suggesting gaps in our understanding of cosmic physics. The study, led by Adam Rees and Thomas Barber, confirms the accuracy of Hubble's measurements, pointing to unknown factors in the Universe's expansion.Liquid Erosion on Asteroid VestaA new hypothesis proposes that liquids could have carved out gullies on the airless asteroid Vesta. Laboratory experiments suggest that briny liquids, rather than dry debris flows, may have formed these features. This study, reported in the Planetary Science Journal, provides insights into the geological processes on Vesta.New Year's Day Fireworks on MarsWhile Earth celebrates New Year's Day, Mars experiences its own fireworks with explosive spring thaws. The Martian northern hemisphere is undergoing dynamic surface changes, including frost avalanches and gas geysers. These phenomena offer a unique glimpse into the seasonal cycles on the Red Planet.00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 1, for broadcast on January 1 202500:52 Measurement discrepancy between Hubble and Webb on Universe's expansion remains unexplained13:51 The Martian northern hemisphere is going through an active, even explosive spring thaw21:17 New study shows teen smoking increases risk of heart disease later in life23:54 Software update will turn AirPods Pro 2 into therapeutic grade hearing aid28:32 TechRadar released its annual Top of the Pops list this year29:51 TechRadar said the Apple Vision Pro was the biggest flop of 202431:21 Space Time with Stuart Gary is available on many podcasting platformswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal[https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/)Planetary Science Journal[https://psj.aas.org/](https://psj.aas.org/)NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter[https://mars.nasa.gov/mro/](https://mars.nasa.gov/mro/)American College of Cardiology[https://www.jacc.org/](https://www.jacc.org/)Australian Zoologist[https://www.rzsnsw.org.au/](https://www.rzsnsw.org.au/)Journal InterfaceBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 157NASA's Parker Solar Probe Touches the SunNASA's Parker Solar Probe has made history by becoming the first spacecraft to touch the Sun. The probe, weighing 685 kilogrammes, flew within 6.1 million kilometres of the solar surface, achieving unprecedented speeds of over 692 kilometres per hour. This milestone marks a significant step in understanding solar phenomena and space weather, with implications for forecasting geomagnetic storms.Moon's Volcanic Past UnveiledNew samples from China's Chang'e 6 mission to the Moon's far side reveal volcanic activity as recent as 2.8 billion years ago. This finding challenges previous assumptions about the Moon's geological history, suggesting a prolonged period of volcanism on its far side, distinct from earlier samples obtained from the near side.Mapping the Milky WayAstronomers have crafted a new stellar chart offering a more comprehensive map of our Milky Way galaxy. The study reveals the galaxy's formation in two distinct phases, with implications for understanding its structure and evolution. This research provides new insights into areas previously hidden from view.00:00 This is space Time Series 27 episode 157 for broadcast on 30 December 202400:47 NASA's Parker Solar Probe flew closer to the sun than any other spacecraft02:05 NASA launched Parker solar probe to touch the Sun in August 201810:04 New data from China's Chang'e 6 mission suggests lunar volcanism still active13:09 Astronomers develop new stellar chart providing a more complete map of our Milky Way galaxy16:45 New study claims drinking tea or coffee reduces risk of head and neck cancers18:46 Scientists at Monash University have made a breakthrough in energy storage technology20:57 Consumer magazine Choice has announced its shonky award winners for 2024www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesParker Solar Probehttps://www.nasa.gov/content/parker-solar-probeChang'e 6 Missionhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2128-4Leibniz Institute for Astrophysicshttps://www.aip.de/enSloan Digital Sky Surveyhttps://www.sdss.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 156Superflares: A Century-Long Threat?A new study warns of the potential for our Sun to unleash superflares, with the threat estimated at once per century. These massive eruptions could engulf the Earth, challenging our understanding of solar behaviour. Evidence from other sun-like stars suggests that such violent solar events may be more common than previously thought, urging caution as we continue to study these phenomena.Binary Star Discovery Near Galactic CoreAstronomers have identified the first binary star system near Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy. This discovery, made using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, offers new insights into how stars can survive in extreme gravitational environments. The findings could pave the way for detecting planets orbiting close to this massive black hole.NASA's Lucy Mission: Onward to JupiterNASA's Lucy spacecraft has completed its second close flyby of Earth, gaining a gravity assist to propel it towards Jupiter's Trojan asteroids. This manoeuvre is part of Lucy's 12-year mission to study these ancient celestial bodies, believed to be remnants from the early solar system. The spacecraft's journey promises to unlock new secrets about the formation of our planetary neighbourhood.00:00 This is Spacetime Series 27, episode 156 for broadcast on 27th December 202400:48 New observations suggest our sun may be far more violent than previously thought05:17 Astronomers detect binary star system near supermassive black hole08:49 NASA's Lucy spacecraft makes second close flyby of the Earth10:37 NASA's Lucy mission is heading to the Jupiter Trojans12:26 Sea ice levels in the ocean surrounding Antarctica reach new record lows in 202313:52 A new study claims drinking moderate amounts of wine can ward off heart disease15:05 There are headlines saying believing in Loch Ness monster makes you less stressedwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA Lucy spacecrafthttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/lucy/overview/index.htmlMax Planck Institutehttps://www.mpg.de/enEuropean Southern Observatoryhttps://www.eso.org/public/Kepler space telescopehttps://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.htmlNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/British Medical Journalhttps://www.bmj.com/European Heart Journalhttps://academic.oup.com/eurheartjAustralian Scepticshttps://www.skeptics.com.au/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 155*Discovery of a New Class of Cosmic X-RayAstronomers have identified a new class of cosmic X-ray source, potentially originating from a novel type of nova event. The study, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, reveals 29 unusual objects in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. These objects displayed unexpected behaviours, such as long-duration X-ray outbursts and recurring outbreaks. The findings suggest these sources, dubbed 'Milli Novae', could play a crucial role in understanding astrophysical phenomena, especially as they may contribute to the mass of white dwarfs, potentially leading to Type 1A supernovae.*Uncovering the Secrets of the CentaursUsing the James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have begun studying centaurs, a unique family of comet-like asteroids orbiting between Jupiter and Neptune. The study of 2060 Chiron reveals surface chemistry unlike any other known centaur, with carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide ices, and methane gases in its coma. These findings provide new insights into the origins of our solar system, as centaurs have remained largely unchanged since its formation 4.6 billion years ago.*NASA's Plans for Commercial Space StationsWith the International Space Station set for retirement in 2030, NASA is supporting the development of multiple commercial space stations. Projects include the NASA-funded STAR Labs space station, slated for launch in 2028, and Axiom's modular space station, which will initially dock with the ISS. Other proposals, like Orbital Reef and Haven One, are also in development, promising to advance commercial space activities and research.00:00 Astronomers have identified a new class of cosmic X ray source04:44 2060 Chiron provides new clues about the origins of our solar system12:56 A number of proposals for commercial low Earth orbit space stations are growing17:46 Higher levels of air pollution associated with higher risk of hospitalisation, study finds19:31 Almost all artificial intelligence chatbots are showing symptoms of mild cognitive impairment20:47 Apple's AI summarisation feature sometimes gives incorrect summaries22:47 ChatGPT has made its search engines free24:17 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcastswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal Letters[https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/8205](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205)2--- OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment)[http://ogle.astrouw.edu.pl/](http://ogle.astrouw.edu.pl/)Southern African Large Telescope[http://www.salt.ac.za/](http://www.salt.ac.za/)NASA's Swift Space Observatory[https://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/](https://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/)University of Central Florida[https://www.ucf.edu/](https://www.ucf.edu/)James Webb Space Telescope[https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/)STAR Labs Space Station[https://www.starlabs.space/](https://www.starlabs.space/)Axiom Space[https://www.axiomspace.com/](https://www.axiomspace.com/)Blue Origin[https://www.blueorigin.com/](https://www.blueorigin.com/)Sierra Space[https://www.sierraspace.com/](https://www.sierraspace.com/)Bigelow Aerospace[http://bigelowaerospace.com/](http://bigelowaerospace.com/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 154*The Moon's Age: A New PerspectiveNew research suggests the Moon may be much older than previously believed. Evidence indicates the Moon's crust underwent extensive remelting around 4.35 billion years ago, obscuring its true age. This study proposes the Moon could be as old as 4.53 billion years, challenging past estimates and offering a new understanding of its formation.*Perseverance Rover's New HorizonsNASA's Perseverance rover has reached the top of Jezero Crater's rim, marking a significant milestone in its mission. With the climb complete, the rover is set to explore new geological terrains, potentially uncovering some of the oldest rocks in the solar system. This new phase promises to deepen our understanding of Mars' ancient history.*Unveiling South Australia's Pink Sands MysteryThe discovery of deep pink sands on South Australian beaches has provided insights into the tectonic history of the region. These findings, published in Communications Earth and Environment, suggest the existence of an ancient Antarctic mountain range, offering clues about the geological past of the supercontinent Gondwana.00:00 This is space Time Series 27, Episode 154 for broadcast on 23 December 202400:47 New research suggests Earth's moon may be an awful lot older than previously thought07:05 NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has completed its long climb to summit10:51 Deep pink sands washing up on South Australian beaches reveal previously unknown mountain range19:05 Garnets are a metamorphic mineral which grows when deep in crust20:51 Ambulance and taxi drivers have lowest death rate from Alzheimer's22:57 New study finds men are quicker to buy drinks when women are scarcewww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA Perseverance Roverhttps://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/University of California, Santa Cruzhttps://www.ucsc.edu/University of Adelaidehttps://www.adelaide.edu.au/Communications Earth and Environment Journalhttps://www.nature.com/commsenv/ANSTO's Opal Nuclear Research Reactorhttps://www.ansto.gov.au/research/facilities/opal-multipurpose-reactorBritish Medical Journalhttps://www.bmj.com/Biological Letters Journalhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rsblAustralian Scepticshttps://www.skeptics.com.au/Space Time with Stuart Garyhttps://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 153*The Mysterious Origins of Martian MineralsA new study suggests that some Martian minerals may have formed in liquid carbon dioxide rather than water. While traditional views link Mars' dry river channels to past water presence, this research indicates that under ancient Martian conditions, liquid CO2 could have been a significant factor in shaping the planet's geological features. This finding, published in Nature Geoscience, adds a new layer to the ongoing debate about Mars' liquid past and its implications for the planet's habitability.*Australia's Arnhem Space Centre ShutteredEquatorial Launch Australia has announced the closure of the Arnhem Space Centre due to unresolved lease issues with the Northern Land Council. Originally envisioned as a hub for commercial space launches, the project faced multiple delays over land agreements. Plans are now underway to relocate operations to Queensland, aiming to establish the Australian Space Centre, Geberic which promises significant economic benefits and indigenous employment opportunities.*Discovery of the Heaviest Antimatter ParticlePhysicists at CERN's Large Hadron Collider have identified what could be the heaviest antimatter particle ever detected. Using the ALICE experiment, researchers observed anti-hyperhelium 4, an exotic hypernucleus. This discovery provides new insights into the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe, as scientists continue to explore the mysteries of the Big Bang and the universe's evolution.00:00 Some Martian minerals may have been formed in liquid carbon dioxide rather than water06:01 Scientists find evidence for what appears to be the most massive antimatter particle ever detected13:15 Move of time projection chamber into ALICE detector starts very slowly15:22 The TPC is our main tracking detector for heavy ion collisions20:21 Living in an agricultural community with high pesticide use may increase cancer risk22:50 Former CNN reporter Tucker Carlson claims he was attacked by a demon while sleepingwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesJournal of Nature Geoscience[Nature Geoscience](https://www.nature.com/ngeo/)NASA's Mars Perseverance rover mission[NASA Perseverance](https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/)Equatorial Launch Australia[Equatorial Launch Australia](https://ela.space/)Large Hadron Collider[CERN LHC](https://home.cern/science/accelerators/large-hadron-collider)ALICE experiment[ALICE Experiment](https://alice.cern/)Northern Land Council[Northern Land Council](https://www.nlc.org.au/)Journal Frontiers of Cancer Control and Society[Frontiers in Cancer](https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cancer)Journal Science[Science Journal](https://www.sciencemag.org/)Australian Skeptics[Australian Skeptics](https://www.skeptics.com.au/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 152*Martian Dust Storms: A New UnderstandingA groundbreaking study reveals the triggers behind Mars' infamous planet-wide dust storms. Researchers from the University of Colorado Boulder suggest that relatively warm and sunny days could initiate these massive storms. Presented at the American Geophysical Union's 2024 meeting, the findings could pave the way for forecasting Martian weather, similar to Earth meteorology. Understanding these storms is crucial, as they pose significant challenges to Mars missions by affecting rovers and landers.*Discovery of New Dark CometsAstronomers have doubled the known population of dark comets, discovering seven more of these enigmatic celestial bodies. These objects, which resemble asteroids but behave like comets, are categorized into two groups based on their orbits and reflectivity. The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, explores their potential role in delivering vital materials to Earth, such as water.*Space Weather's Impact on National SecurityAs technology advances, space weather events pose an increasing threat to national security assets. Geomagnetic storms, part of the Sun's 11-year cycle, can disrupt satellites, power grids, and communications. Johns Hopkins researchers are developing models and tools to predict and mitigate these impacts, emphasizing the importance of understanding space weather to protect critical infrastructure.00:00 This is Space Time Series 27, Episode 152 for broadcast on 18 December 202400:47 New study could help predict extreme weather events on Mars04:34 Astronomers have detected seven more dark comets, doubling the number08:26 Scientists are working on new research projects to protect national security assets from space weather12:35 Are we prepared for a catastrophic solar storm? The dangers of a solar eruption come in three phases16:24 The gap between our health span and lifespan is getting wider globally19:51 Apple have just released their new 18.2 AI suite just in time for Christmas21:40 Google has launched its own AI assistant called Gemini 2.0www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesAmerican Geophysical Unionhttps://www.agu.org/University of Colorado Boulderhttps://www.colorado.edu/NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiterhttps://mars.nasa.gov/mro/The Martian (2015 Film)https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3659388/Proceedings of the National Academy of Scienceshttps://www.pnas.org/Michigan State Universityhttps://msu.edu/Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratoryhttps://www.jhuapl.edu/Nature Journalhttps://www.nature.com/University of New South Waleshttps://www.unsw.edu.au/Angavande Shemi Journalhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15213773Apple AIhttps://www.apple.com/Google Gemini 2.0 AIhttps://blog.google/products/ai/Space Time with Stuart Gary Garyhttps://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/Tech Advice Lifehttps://techadvice.life/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 151*A New Perspective on the Moon's Aitken BasinRecent observations of the Moon's south pole reveal that the Aitken Basin crater is more circular than previously believed. This significant discovery challenges existing theories about its formation and has implications for future lunar missions, including NASA's Artemis program. The study, published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters, suggests a more direct impact created the crater, offering potential access to deep lunar material for study.*Gravitational Wave Maps Unveil Hidden Cosmic StructuresAstronomers have developed the most detailed gravitational wave maps yet, revealing hidden black holes and cosmic structures. Using pulsar timing arrays, researchers have detected a background of gravitational waves across the universe. This groundbreaking research, reported in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, opens new avenues for understanding galactic evolution and the universe's history.*NASA's First Aircraft Accident Investigation on another planetNASA has conducted its first aircraft accident investigation on another planet following the crash of the Mars Ingenuity helicopter. The investigation revealed that the helicopter's navigation system struggled with the featureless Martian terrain, leading to a hard landing. Despite the crash, Ingenuity continues to provide valuable data for future Mars missions.00:00 This is space Time Series 27, Episode 151 for broadcast on 16 December 202400:47 New observations of the Moon's south pole have shown the Aitken Basin crater is circular05:04 Space astronomers have created the most detailed maps ever of gravitational waves across universe14:10 The Meerkat radio telescope is probably the best radio telescope at the moment18:52 NASA conducting first ever aircraft accident investigation on another planet24:11 Single mutation on H5N1 bird flu could make human infections more likely26:14 A recent study found journalists brains are suffering from poor executive functioningwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNASAhttps://www.nasa.gov/University of Marylandhttps://www.umd.edu/Earth and Planetary Science Lettershttps://www.journals.elsevier.com/earth-and-planetary-science-lettersArtemis Missionshttps://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/Chandrayaan 3https://www.isro.gov.in/chandrayaan3.htmlSwinburne Universityhttps://www.swinburne.edu.au/Osgravhttps://www.ozgrav.org/Meerkat Radio Telescopehttps://www.sarao.ac.za/science-engineering/meerkat/LIGOhttps://www.ligo.caltech.edu/Virgohttps://www.virgo-gw.eu/Jet Propulsion Laboratoryhttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/Perseverance Roverhttps://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/Mars Sample Returnhttps://mars.nasa.gov/msr/Dragonfly Missionhttps://dragonfly.jhuapl.edu/Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyhttps://academic.oup.com/mnrasBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 150*Venus: A Lifeless WorldNew research has debunked the long-standing theory that Venusmight have once been habitable. Despite being Earth's sister planet, a study of its atmospheric chemistry reveals that Venus has always been too dry to support oceans, making it an inhospitable world throughout its history. These findings, published in Nature Astronomy, have significant implications for the search for life on exoplanets, suggesting a focus on more Earth-like candidates.*Mars Perseverance Rover Reaches Jezero Crater RimNASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has successfully reached the rim of Jezero Crater, where it is examining the Picotquino region. This area could provide insights into ancient geological processes on Mars, potentially revealing clues about the planet's past climate and the impact that formed the crater.*Quantum Sensors in SpaceNASA's Cold Atom Lab aboard the International Space Station has achieved a groundbreaking milestone by using ultra-cold atoms to detect environmental changes in Space. This marks a new era in quantum science, with potential applications in studying planetary compositions and testing fundamental theories of gravity.00:00 New study suggests Venus was never habitable; quantum sensor used in space00:26 New study has shown that the planet Venus was never habitable06:32 NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has finally reached the rim of Jezero08:56 NASA's Cold Atom Lab has taken another step towards quantum science in space16:33 Permafrost thawing due to climate change could lead to wildfires19:30 New images have emerged of what's reported to be the famed Loch Ness Monster23:41 Space Time podcast features Stuart Gary talking about Bigfoot in America www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesNature Astronomy[Nature Astronomy Journal](https://www.nature.com/natastron/)NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover[NASA Perseverance Rover](https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/)Cambridge University[University of Cambridge](https://www.cam.ac.uk/)NASA's Da Vinci Mission[NASA Da Vinci Mission](https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-davinci-mission-to-take-the-plunge-through-massive-venus-atmosphere)James Webb Space Telescope[James Webb Space Telescope](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/)NASA Cold Atom Lab[NASA Cold Atom Lab](https://coldatomlab.jpl.nasa.gov/)Grace FO Mission[GRACE-FO Mission](https://gracefo.jpl.nasa.gov/)Nature Communications[Nature Communications Journal](https://www.nature.com/ncomms/)Forensic Science International Genetics[Forensic Science International: Genetics](https://www.journals.elsevier.com/forensic-science-international-genetics)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 149*Did Earth's Oceans Come from Comets?New research suggests that Earth's oceans may have originated from comets, reigniting the debate about the origins of Earth's water. Recent observations of Comet 67P reveal a similar molecular signature to Earth's oceans, challenging previous findings and suggesting Jupiter family comets could have contributed to Earth's water supply. This discovery, led by Kathleen Mandit from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre, highlights the importance of understanding the origins of water, a crucial element for life on Earth.*Discovery of a Rare Main Belt CometA mysterious object in the main asteroid belt has been confirmed as a rare main belt comet. Identified as 456P PanSTARRS, this comet displays regular cometary features despite residing in the main asteroid belt. This discovery, led by Henry Heissch from the Planetary Science Institute, adds to the small but growing list of known main belt comets, offering new insights into the icy bodies of the solar system and their potential to trace ices across the cosmos.*BepiColombo's Fifth Mercury FlybyThe BepiColombo spacecraft has successfully completed its fifth flyby of Mercury, bringing it closer to entering orbit around the solar system's innermost planet. This mission, a collaboration between ESA and JAXA, aims to uncover the mysteries of Mercury's surface and magnetic field. During the flyby, BepiColombo's instruments collected valuable data, including the first mid-infrared measurements of Mercury's surface, crucial for understanding the planet's composition.00:00 New observations suggest that Earth oceans may have come from comets after all09:22 Main belt comets are icy objects found in the main asteroid belt12:43 The BepiColombo spacecraft has completed its fifth flyby of Mercury15:10 Eating a healthy diet during pregnancy is linked to lower risk of autism17:27 Samsung are testing new artificial intelligence upgrades for their Galaxy smartphones19:36 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/aboutBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 148*Another Delay for NASA's Artemis Moon MissionNASA has announced a delay in the launch of its Artemis 2 manned Moon mission, now rescheduled for April 2026. Originally planned for September 2025, the delay is due to concerns about the Orion spacecraft's heat shield. This postponement also affects the timeline for Artemis 3, which aims to return humans to the lunar surface. NASA's focus is on ensuring the safety and reliability of the spacecraft's reentry systems, with adjustments planned for the Artemis 2 mission trajectory.*Ancient Hot Water Activity on Mars UncoveredA groundbreaking study has provided the oldest direct evidence of ancient hot water activity on Mars, suggesting a potentially habitable past. Researchers analysed zircon grains from the Martian meteorite NWA 7034, known as Black Buddy, revealing elemental evidence of water-rich fluids from 4.45 billion years ago. This discovery enhances our understanding of Mars' hydrothermal systems and their role in the planet's early habitability.*Proba-3: Europe's Eclipse-Making Double SatelliteThe European Space Agency's Proba-3 mission has successfully entered orbit, marking a new era in solar observation. Launched aboard an Indian PSLV rocket, the twin satellites will perform precise formation flying to create artificial solar eclipses, allowing for detailed study of the Sun's corona. This innovative mission aims to fill observational gaps and advance our understanding of solar dynamics and Space weather.00:00 Another delay for the first manned moon mission in half a century00:48 NASA postpone launch of Artemis 2 Man Moon mission until April 202604:08 New study finds oldest direct evidence of ancient hot water activity on Mars06:43 Black Beauty contains some of the oldest materials known from Mars14:16 You found evidence of what would call hydrothermal activity on Mars15:41 We wanted to focus on trace elements in zircon22:52 Was it internal heat release from Mars or was it impact driven28:42 European Space Agency's probe of three spacecraft has successfully achieved orbit insertion32:29 House panel says lab leak likely caused COVID 19 pandemic34:46 Scientists have documented the collapse of the Conga Glensa Ice Shelf37:04 Between 68 and 94% of people believe sensation is caused by being watchedwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/aboutBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 147*A Cosmic Glimpse into the Universe's PastAstronomers have witnessed a rare supernova, 2023 UFX, offering insights into the early universe. This unusual stellar explosion involved a metal-poor red supergiant star, providing clues about the cosmic conditions when the universe began. The study, led by Michael Tucker from Ohio State University, reveals how early supernovae seeded the next generation of stars, shaping galaxies like the Milky Way. The findings underscore the significance of dwarf galaxies as analogues for the universe's infancy, highlighting how metal-poor environments influenced star evolution and supernova behaviour.*Volcanic Mysteries on Jupiter's Moon IoA new study reveals that Io, Jupiter's volcanic moon, has active volcanoes at its poles, potentially regulating internal tidal heating. This discovery, based on NASA's Juno spacecraft data, sheds light on Io's intense volcanic activity and its role in planetary formation processes. Tidal heating, caused by gravitational interactions, plays a crucial role in sustaining subsurface oceans on other moons, offering a glimpse into the dynamic geological processes shaping celestial bodies.*America's Next Mega Rocket: New GlennBlue Origin's New Glenn rocket has been positioned vertically on its launch pad, preparing for its maiden flight. This 98-metre-tall launch vehicle is set to join the ranks of NASA's SLS Orion and SpaceX's Starship in advancing Space exploration capabilities. The upcoming hot fire test will evaluate the rocket and launch pad systems, paving the way for future missions. New Glenn aims to lift significant payloads into various orbits, with plans for reusability akin to SpaceX's Falcon 9.00:00 This is space Time Series 27 episode 147 for broadcast on 6th December 202400:44 2023 UFX is the most metal poor stellar explosion ever observed04:17 Active volcanoes at IO's poles may help regulate internal tidal heating07:08 Blue Origin's New Glenn ready for hot fire test ahead of maiden flight09:22 December's astronomical highlight is the December solstice which occurs on Saturday14:29 Astronomers describe stars in terms of spectral types based on temperature and characteristics18:11 Two blue stars nearing end of their lives expected to go supernova23:41 The brightest star in Orion is a red supergiant called Betelgeuse33:40 Once the sun has gone down and the sky is dark, you will see Orion36:34 The Pleiades cluster is also known as the Seven Sisters38:45 If you look down to the south, we'll see that Southern Cross40:09 Venus shining big and bright above the western horizon after sunset41:18 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about✍️ Episode ReferencesOhio State University[Ohio State University](https://www.osu.edu/)NASA's Webb Space Telescope[NASA Webb Telescope](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/)Astrophysical Journal[Astrophysical Journal](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/637X)4--- Blue Origin[Blue Origin](https://www.blueorigin.com/)Space Launch Complex 36[Cape Canaveral Space Force Station](https://www.spaceforce.mil/)United Launch Alliance[ULA](https://www.ulalaunch.com/)Geophysical Research Letters[Geophysical Research Letters](https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007)Cornell University[Cornell University](https://www.cornell.edu/)NASA's Juno spacecraft[NASA Juno Mission](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/juno/main/index.html)Sky and Telescope magazine[Sky & Telescope](https://skyandtelescope.org/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 146*Supernova's Potential to End the Dark Matter SearchAstronomers are eagerly awaiting a nearby supernova that could finally solve the mystery of dark matter. A new study suggests that axions, hypothetical particles, could be discovered within seconds of a supernova's gamma-ray burst. The Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope might detect these gamma rays, offering insights into the mass of QCD axions. However, the rarity of such supernovae and the telescope's limited field of view pose challenges. Researchers are considering launching a fleet of gamma-ray telescopes, named GALAX, to ensure comprehensive coverage.*Magnetic Tornadoes at Jupiter's PolesA recent study reveals that Jupiter's poles are home to magnetic tornadoes that generate Earth-sized concentrations of hydrocarbon haze. These phenomena, visible only in ultraviolet light, are linked to the planet's strong magnetic fields. The findings, based on Hubble Space Telescope images, shed light on the unique atmospheric dynamics of Jupiter, contrasting with Earth's auroral processes.*Arrival of the World's Biggest Digital Camera at NASANASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre has received the Wide Field Instrument, the largest digital camera ever built, for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. This advanced camera will offer an unprecedented panoramic view of the universe, aiding in the study of dark energy, dark matter, and exoplanets. Scheduled for launch in 2027, Roman's capabilities will surpass those of current Space telescopes.The Science RobertA new study links prolonged sedentary behaviour with increased heart disease risk, even among active individuals. Research highlights the crucial ecological role of large sharks, threatened by overfishing and habitat loss. Palaeontologists use dinosaur faeces to trace the evolutionary rise of dinosaurs. Advances in lithium battery technology promise safer and longer-lasting power sources, potentially revolutionising energy storage.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about00:00 How a nearby supernova could end the search for dark matter09:33 Magnetic vortexes at Jupiter's poles may be generating Earth sized hydrocarbon haze13:22 The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is designed to study dark energy17:29 More sedentary time may increase risk of heart disease and death, study finds20:48 Next generation of safer lithium batteries may well be on their way25:44 Space Time with Stuart Gary is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday✍️ Episode ReferencesFermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope[NASA Fermi](https://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/)Physical Review Letters[Physical Review Letters](https://journals.aps.org/prl/)University of California, Berkeley[UC Berkeley](https://www.berkeley.edu/)NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre[NASA Goddard](https://www.nasa.gov/goddard)Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope[NASA Roman](https://roman.gsfc.nasa.gov/)Hubble Space Telescope[NASA Hubble](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html)Cassini spacecraft[NASA Cassini](https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/cassini/overview/)National Reconnaissance Office[NRO](https://www.nro.gov/)Tech Advice[Tech Advice](https://www.techadvice.life/)Journal of Science[Science Journal](https://www.sciencemag.org/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 145*Unveiling the Mysteries of Uranus and NeptuneA new study reveals that Uranus and Neptune, the ice giants of our solar system, may have layered interiors composed of water, methane, and ammonia, similar to oil and water that do not mix. This discovery could explain their unique magnetic fields, previously a mystery to scientists. The research, led by Burkhard Miltzer from the University of California, Berkeley, suggests that these planets have a water-rich layer beneath their cloud tops, followed by a denser carbon-rich layer, challenging previous theories about their internal structure.*Parker Solar Probe's Final Venus FlybyNASA's Parker Solar Probe has completed its last Venus gravity assist, setting its course to come within 6.2 million kilometers of the Sun's surface. This maneuver, aside from aiding the primary mission, has provided new insights into Venus, as the probe's instruments captured unexpected data revealing the planet's surface glowing in the near-infrared spectrum. These findings offer fresh perspectives on Venusian surface conditions and composition.*NASA's SphereX Mission: A Kaleidoscope of the CosmosScheduled for launch next year, NASA's SphereX mission will create the most colorful map of the cosmos ever attempted. By observing the universe in 102 infrared colors, SphereX aims to uncover the mysteries of the universe's formation and evolution, including the origins of water on planets like Earth. This mission will provide a comprehensive 3D map of hundreds of millions of galaxies, offering unprecedented insights into cosmic history and the distribution of essential life ingredients across the Milky Way.The Science ReportRussia has deployed a new nuclear-capable hypersonic missile, marking a significant escalation in its military capabilities. The Lancet's report on climate change impacts highlights that nearly half the world experienced extreme drought last year. Archaeologists have discovered what might be the oldest alphabetic writing in Syria, dating back to 2400 BCE. A new documentary explores the British royal family's interest in UFOs and the paranormal, revealing a long-standing fascination with these phenomena.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about00:00 New study suggests Uranus and Neptune feature layers that don't mix07:04 NASA's Parker Solar Probe completes its final Venus gravity assist flyby11:14 NASA's SphereX mission will look at the universe in 102 colors20:50 Modern astronomy is built upon spectroscopy. Spectra unveil the structures of black holes22:42 Russia has commenced using a new nuclear capable hypersonic missile to attack Ukraine25:35 Almost half of the world experienced extreme drought last year, according to Lancet studyUniversity of California, Berkeley[berkeley.edu](https://www.berkeley.edu)Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences[pnas.org](https://www.pnas.org)NASA's Parker Solar Probe[nasa.gov/solarprobe](https://www.nasa.gov/solarprobe)Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory[jhuapl.edu](https://www.jhuapl.edu)NASA's SphereX Mission[nasa.gov/spherex](https://www.nasa.gov/spherex)Magellan Spacecraft[nasa.gov/magellan](https://www.nasa.gov/magellan)NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory[jpl.nasa.gov](https://www.jpl.nasa.gov)The Lancet[thelancet.com](https://www.thelancet.com)Johns Hopkins University[jhu.edu](https://www.jhu.edu)Space Time with Stuart Gary Gary[spacetimewithstuartgary.com](https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 144*Young Exoplanet Challenges Planet Formation TheoriesAstronomers have discovered an exoplanet, Taade 1b, that is just 3 million years old, challenging our current understanding of the speed at which planets form. This young planet, orbiting its star every seven Earth days, offers a unique glimpse into the early stages of planetary formation. The study, led by Madison Barber from the University of North Carolina, highlights the surprising rapidity of Taade 1b's formation compared to Earth's estimated 10 to 20 million-year formation period. The discovery provides new insights into the differences between our solar system and those hosting close-in giant planets like Taade 1b.*Photon Shape Revealed by New Quantum TheoryA groundbreaking theory has allowed scientists to define the precise shape of a photon for the first time. Reported in Physical Review Letters, this research explores how photons, as particles of light, interact with matter at the quantum level. The study reveals that photons have a spherical shape with varying light levels, providing new insights into their dual wave-particle nature. This advance opens up new research avenues in quantum physics and nanophotonic technologies, potentially revolutionising communication, pathogen detection, and chemical reaction control.*NASA's Swift Space Telescope: 20 Years of DiscoveryNASA's Swift Space Telescope, dedicated to studying gamma-ray bursts, celebrates its 20th year in Space. Originally launched to solve the mystery of gamma-ray bursts, Swift has played a crucial role in identifying the origins of these powerful cosmic explosions. The observatory's rapid response capabilities have enabled significant discoveries beyond gamma-ray bursts, contributing to multi-messenger astronomy and enhancing our understanding of the universe.The Science RobertNew research warns that combining blood-thinning drugs with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers like ibuprofen doubles the risk of internal bleeding. A study on the DNA history of ancient aurochs reveals complex ancestry for modern cattle. Scientists discover that the boundaries between solid and liquid metals are more fluid than previously thought, with implications for metal alloy applications. Psychologists explore the human brain's predisposition to believe in the supernatural, highlighting pattern recognition and expectation effects.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportFor more support options, visit our supporters page: Click Here00:00 A new discovery challenges our current understanding of how planets are formed00:26 Astronomers have discovered an exoplanet that's just 3 million years old03:48 New theory explains how light and matter interact at the quantum level06:55 NASA's Swift Space Telescope helps astronomers identify gamma ray bursts16:01 People on blood thinners double risk of internal bleed when taking non steroidal anti inflammatories18:24 Psychologists say the human brain is pre wired to believe in the supernatural✍️ Episode ReferencesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill[https://www.unc.edu](https://www.unc.edu)NASA TV Mission[https://tess.mit.edu](https://tess.mit.edu)University of Birmingham[https://www.birmingham.ac.uk](https://www.birmingham.ac.uk)NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre[https://www.nasa.gov/goddard](https://www.nasa.gov/goddard)Physical Review Letters[https://journals.aps.org/prl](https://journals.aps.org/prl)Nature Journal[https://www.nature.com](https://www.nature.com)Australian Sceptics[https://www.skeptics.com.au](https://www.skeptics.com.au)

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 143*The Milky Way: An Unusual GalaxyA new study reveals that our Milky Way galaxy is an outlier among similar galaxies, challenging the assumption that it is a typical model for understanding galactic formation and evolution. Published in the Astrophysical Journal, the research highlights differences in the Milky Way's evolutionary history compared to other galaxies of similar mass. The Satellite Surround Galactic Analogues (SEGA) survey has identified 101 Milky Way-like analogues, revealing that the Milky Way hosts fewer satellite dwarf galaxies than its peers. Additionally, star formation in the Milky Way's satellite galaxies is less active, raising questions about its unique galactic environment.*Europe's Prober 3 Mission to Study the SunAll systems are go for the European Space Agency's Prober 3 mission, set to launch next month to study the Sun's corona. This double-satellite mission will create artificial eclipses, allowing for prolonged observations of the Sun's atmosphere. The mission will employ precise formation flying, with one satellite blocking the Sun's disc for the other, enabling extended studies of the solar corona, the source of solar wind and Space weather.*Australia's Secret Satellite LaunchA classified mission for Optus and the Australian Defence Force has been launched by SpaceX. The mission, known as TD7, involves a military telecommunications satellite placed into geostationary orbit. Built by Northrop Grumman, the satellite is designed for future mission extensions. The launch marks SpaceX's 16th mission for the same Falcon 9 booster, which successfully returned to Earth.The Science ReportThe World Health Organisation reports a surge in measles cases worldwide, with 10.3 million cases last year. A new study finds accelerated ice loss in an Alaskan ice field since 2005, contributing to sea level rise. Japanese scientists discover that domestic cats can associate human words with images without rewards. Norton issues a cyber warning on rising scam tactics and malware threats. Meanwhile, OpenAI considers developing its own web browser amidst debates on internet censorship and digital ID in Australia.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look...Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportFor more support options, visit our Support Page00:00 This is space time series 27 episode 143 for broadcast on 27 November 202400:48 New study finds Milky Way is an outlier among similar galaxies06:01 ESA's Prober 3 mission to study the sun will launch next month08:20 Two satellites will fly together as one with millimetre level control12:35 SpaceX has just launched a classified mission for Optus and the Australian Defence Force15:31 World Health Organisation warns measles cases have now surged across the world21:08 Department of Justice asking Google to consider breaking up with Chrome22:07 It looks like the Internet censorship bill will be defeated in the Senate

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 142*How Mars Got Its MoonsA groundbreaking study suggests that Mars acquired its moons, Phobos and Deimos, after a passing asteroid was torn apart by the planet's gravity. This new hypothesis, based on NASA's supercomputer simulations and published in the journal Icarus, challenges previous theories of their origin, such as capture or major impact. The upcoming Martian Moons Exploration mission by JAXA, with NASA's involvement, aims to further investigate these theories by collecting samples from Phobos.*Starship Test Flight 6SpaceX has successfully completed its sixth test flight of the Starship Mega rocket, overseen by SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and U.S. President-elect Donald Trump. The test included a splashdown of the booster in the Gulf of Mexico and a successful orbital journey of the Starship, which trialled new heat shield materials and descent strategies. This marks the final test for this version of Starship, with an upgraded version expected to fly soon.*Revisiting Earth's Ore DepositsNew research reveals that the largest iron ore deposits in Western Australia's Pilbara are around a billion years younger than previously thought. Using advanced geochronology techniques, scientists have dated these deposits to between 1.1 and 1.4 billion years, reshaping our understanding of Earth's geological history and aiding future exploration efforts.The Science ReportA study suggests that a daily hour-long walk for those over 40 could extend life expectancy by five years. Meanwhile, global plastic waste is projected to double by mid-century, but a combination of policies could reduce it by 90%. Additionally, switching to a vegan diet could lower food costs by 19%, unlike the Mediterranean diet. The Bent Spoon Award was given to the Cancer Council of Western Australia for endorsing pseudoscientific practices like Richie.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportor visit our Support page for more options and details: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about00:00 New study suggests Mars got its two moons after asteroid was torn apart04:57 SpaceX has undertaken a successful sixth test flight of its Starship Mega rocket08:17 Super heavy booster is attempting an offshore landing off the Gulf coast of Texas10:18 The next milestone is Starship uh, is in terminal guidance14:29 Starship is approaching the peak heating phase of entry19:56 SpaceX's Starship rocket successfully carried its first ever biological payload23:07 A new study finds planet Earth's largest iron ore deposits are younger than previously thought33:14 A new study looked at physical activity and life expectancy35:54 Western Australian Cancer Council endorsed pseudo medical and unscientific treatments38:33 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting platforms✍️ Episode ReferencesIcarus Journal[https://www.journals.elsevier.com/icarus](https://www.journals.elsevier.com/icarus)NASA Ames Research Centre[https://www.nasa.gov/ames](https://www.nasa.gov/ames)Martian Moons Exploration (MMX)[https://mmx.jaxa.jp/en/](https://mmx.jaxa.jp/en/)SpaceX[https://www.spacex.com](https://www.spacex.com)Curtin University[https://www.curtin.edu.au](https://www.curtin.edu.au)Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences[https://www.pnas.org](https://www.pnas.org)British Journal of Sports Medicine[https://bjsm.bmj.com/](https://bjsm.bmj.com/)Journal of Science[https://www.sciencemag.org/](https://www.sciencemag.org/)Journal of the American Medical Association[https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama)Australian Sceptics[https://www.skeptics.com.au](https://www.skeptics.com.au)

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 141*Supermassive Black Hole Consumes Matter at Record SpeedAstronomers have discovered a supermassive black hole in the early universe consuming matter at a rate more than 40 times its theoretical limit. This black hole, catalogued as LID568, was observed by the Webb Space Telescope and is providing new insights into the rapid growth mechanisms of black holes shortly after the Big Bang. The findings challenge existing theories on how these cosmic giants formed so quickly and open new avenues for future research.*Uranus' Magnetic Mysteries UnveiledNew analysis of 38-year-old data from NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft reveals that a space weather event dramatically compressed Uranus' magnetosphere just before the flyby in 1986. This event provides clues to the planet's unusual magnetic field and suggests that Uranus' moons might be more geologically active than previously thought. The findings are crucial for understanding this enigmatic ice giant and its unique characteristics.*New Satellite to Track Earth's Surface MovementsScientists are preparing to launch a new satellite, the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR), designed to measure ground movement on Earth's surface. Scheduled for launch next year, NISAR will provide detailed data on earthquakes, volcanoes, and landslides, enhancing our ability to prepare for natural disasters. This mission will offer unprecedented insights into the dynamics of our planet's surface.The Science ReportThe World Meteorological Organization predicts 2024 to be the hottest year on record, driven by rising greenhouse gas levels. Meanwhile, ultra-processed foods are dominating global diets, linked to numerous chronic diseases. A study of dog breeds reveals that toy dogs have larger brains relative to their body size compared to working dogs. Lastly, a retrospective look at NASA's 1996 tether experiment debunks UFO theories, emphasizing the importance of scientific explanations.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support00:00 Black hole found to be consuming matter faster than its theoretical limit04:37 Space weather event squeezed Uranus magnetosphere before 1986 Voyager 2 flyby08:30 Scientists developing a new satellite designed to measure ground movement on the Earth's surface13:10 World Meteorological Organization says 2024 will be the hottest year on record✍️ Episode ReferencesWebb Space Telescopehttps://www.jwst.nasa.gov/Chandra X Ray Observatoryhttps://chandra.harvard.edu/National Science Foundation's National Optical Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratoryhttps://www.noirlab.edu/NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratoryhttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/Journal of Naturehttps://www.nature.com/Voyager 2https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/COP 29 Climate Change Conferencehttps://unfccc.int/World Meteorological Organizationhttps://public.wmo.int/International Congress on Obesityhttps://www.worldobesity.org/Biological Lettershttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rsbl

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 140*Revisiting the Milky Way's Black Hole ImageA new study questions the accuracy of the first-ever image of Sagittarius A, the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. Researchers suggest the image may not accurately represent its appearance, proposing a more elongated accretion disc instead of the ring-like structure previously released by the Event Horizon Telescope.*Methane in Titan's CrustData from NASA's Cassini spacecraft indicates that Saturn's moon Titan may have a methane-rich crust up to 10 kilometres thick. This insulating layer could explain Titan's shallow impact craters and its methane-rich atmosphere, providing insights into its unique geological and atmospheric dynamics.*Updates on Earth's Ozone HoleNASA reports that the annual ozone hole over Antarctica was smaller this year, ranking as the seventh smallest since recovery efforts began. The ozone layer is on track to fully recover by 2066, thanks to international agreements curbing ozone-depleting chemicals.The Science ReportAntarctic ice core samples suggest Earth has already surpassed a 1.5°C global temperature rise due to human-induced climate change. A study links outdoor lighting at night to increased Alzheimer's risk for those under 65. LED lights on surfboards could reduce shark attacks by mimicking natural camouflage. Nord's latest survey reveals continued use of weak passwords, with "123456" and "password" among the most common.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support00:00 New study suggests first ever picture of Milky Way's black hole might not be accurate00:47 New study claims first ever images of Sagittarius A may be inaccurate03:57 New study suggests Saturn's moon Titan may have an insulating methane crust09:12 Scientists say Antarctic ozone layer could fully recover by 206620:04 New study suggests Earth has already passed 1.5 degrees Celsius warming attributable to climate change21:24 A new study claims exposure to outdoor lighting at night increases Alzheimer's risk25:29 Space Time with Stuart Gary is available on numerous podcast platforms

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 139*Gilmore Space Cleared for Orbital LaunchThe Australian Space Agency has granted Gilmore Space the final approval needed to conduct its maiden orbital test flight of the Ares rocket from the Bowen Spaceport in North Queensland. This launch will mark the first orbital test flight of an Australian-made rocket from Australian soil, showcasing a new hybrid propulsion system developed by the company.*Discovery of Red Monster Galaxies in the Early UniverseAstronomers have identified three ultra-massive galaxies, each nearly the size of the Milky Way, that reached their colossal size within the first billion years of the universe's existence. These findings, reported in Nature, challenge existing models of galaxy formation and suggest a more efficient star formation process in the early universe.*Signs of an Ancient Martian OceanChina's Mars rover, Zhurong, may have found evidence supporting the theory that Mars' northern hemisphere was once covered by a vast ocean. The terrain around Zhurong's landing site includes features that could indicate past water or ice activity, suggesting a Martian ocean existed billions of years ago.The Science RobertArchaeologists in Israel have uncovered 12,000-year-old pebbles that may be precursors to the wheel, potentially pivotal in the evolution of rotating technologies. Meanwhile, the COP 29 climate summit highlights the ongoing rise in fossil emissions, with China remaining the largest polluter. Additionally, a study finds that frequent snoring in tweens is linked to behavioural issues, and a lack of conceptual clarity may explain beliefs in the paranormal.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support00:00 This is space Time Series 27 Episode 139 for broadcast on 18 November 202400:46 Australian Space Agency gives final approval for Gilmore Space to launch Ares rocket02:31 ERIS is a three stage orbital launch vehicle powered by hybrid rocket engines08:49 Gilmore is developing a rocket called ERIS which will go into orbit12:42 Gilmore Space Technologies have plans to launch an ERIS satellite from Bowen15:39 Three ultra massive galaxies discovered by NASA's Webb Space Telescope23:39 Ancient pebbles from Israel may have paved way for wheel invention24:42 New study finds teens who frequently snore more likely to have behavioural problems✍️ Episode ReferencesEvent Horizon Telescope Collaboration[Event Horizon Telescope](https://eventhorizontelescope.org/)National Astronomical Observatory of Japan[NAOJ](https://www.nao.ac.jp/en/)Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society[MNRAS](https://academic.oup.com/mnras)NASA Cassini Mission[Cassini Mission](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/main/index.html)Planetary Science Journal[PSJ](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/3338)6--- University of Hawaii[University of Hawaii](https://www.hawaii.edu/)NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre[NASA Goddard](https://www.nasa.gov/goddard)Montreal Protocol[Montreal Protocol](https://ozone.unep.org/treaties/montreal-protocol)Nature Geoscience[Nature Geoscience](https://www.nature.com/ngeo/)Macquarie University[Macquarie University](https://www.mq.edu.au/)

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 138*Discovery of the Outer Solar System's Magnetic FieldScientists have discovered evidence of an ancient magnetic field at the far reaches of our solar system. Research published in AGU Advances, based on 4.6 billion-year-old grain samples from the asteroid Richie, suggests the presence of a weak magnetic field during the formation of the outer solar system. This field, although weak, could have been instrumental in the formation of the outer planets, including Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The findings provide new insights into the magnetic influences shaping our solar system.*Southern Launch Gets Green Light for Orbital MissionsSouthern Launch has received federal and state government approval for its Whalers Way orbital launch complex in South Australia. The site is poised to support up to 42 orbital rocket launches annually, with plans for multiple launch pads and comprehensive tracking facilities. This development marks a significant step forward for Australia's growing Space industry.*Axiom Unveils New Lunar Spacesuits for NASAAxiom Space has revealed the new spacesuits for NASA's Artemis 3 mission, set for a lunar landing in 2026. Designed to withstand the harsh lunar environment, these suits feature improved mobility and dust resistance. The new design includes interchangeable segments to accommodate various body types, reflecting advancements in spacesuit technology since the Apollo era.The Science RobertA study has identified a decline in low-pressure weather systems, crucial for rainfall in southern Australia, since the mid-20th century. Meanwhile, the largest study of brain volume to date has found genetic links between ADHD and Parkinson's disease. In wildlife news, taming wild elephant calves has been shown to increase stress levels, potentially affecting their health. Finally, the paranormal world is abuzz with sightings of Robin Hood's ghost in Sherwood Forest, though sceptics remain unconvinced.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support00:00 Scientists uncover an ancient magnetic field at the outer edge of the solar system08:09 Axiom Space has unveiled the new lunar spacesuits NASA plans to use13:50 Low pressure weather systems driving southern Australia's rainfall have declined over decades16:19 Reports in England that Robin Hood has been seen haunting Sherwood Forest

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 137*The Earth: A Giant Slushie?New research reveals that Earth once experienced a "slushy" period following its snowball Earth phase. Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the study by Virginia Tech scientists suggests that as the planet thawed, it transitioned into a slushy state, marked by high carbon dioxide levels and rapid melting. The findings offer fresh insights into Earth's climate evolution and the resilience of life under extreme conditions.*Phobos Eclipses the SunNASA's Mars Perseverance rover has captured a rare celestial event: the Martian moon Phobos eclipsing the Sun. Using its Mastcam-Z camera, Perseverance observed the tiny moon transiting the Sun from its position in Jezero Crater. This remarkable event highlights the ongoing challenges and discoveries as the rover ascends the crater's rim.*SpaceX Dragon Boosts ISSFor the first time, NASA has utilized the SpaceX Dragon capsule to boost the International Space Station into a higher orbit. This maneuver, using Dragon's Draco thrusters, is part of a broader strategy to maintain the station's altitude and test future deorbit capabilities. The mission also delivered over 2,700 kg of supplies and scientific equipment, including a wooden cubesat and human tissue samples for aging research.The Science ReportA new study attributes last year's global temperature spike primarily to El Nino, rather than climate change. Meanwhile, scientists discover a 161-million-year-old giant tadpole fossil, shedding light on the evolution of frogs and toads. Additionally, research indicates that popular music in the US has become simpler since the 1950s. Plus, global cell phone sales show regional variations post-COVID, with notable growth in the US, Europe, and Australia.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support00:00 This is space Time Series 27, episode 137 for broadcast on 13 November 202400:47 New research suggests that as the planet thawed, it went slushy04:46 NASA's Mars Perseverance rover captures rare Phobos eclipse of the Sun07:15 NASA uses SpaceX Dragon cargo ship to boost International Space Station to higher altitude14:38 Study says El Nino Southern Oscillation caused global temperatures spike last year16:55 Scientists in South America have discovered the fossilized remains of a 161 million year old tadpole18:33 New figures show that global cell phone sales dropped following the COVID pandemic

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 136*Discovering the Origins of MagnetarsA groundbreaking study reveals that magnetars, highly magnetic neutron stars, are born from stellar mergers rather than single star supernova events. These findings, published in Nature, delve into the origins of fast radio bursts (FRBs), which are high-energy flashes releasing more energy in nanoseconds than half a billion suns. The research indicates that FRBs are more common in massive star-forming galaxies, suggesting a link to magnetars formed from stellar mergers. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about magnetar formation and sheds light on the dynamic processes in the universe.*Voyager 1 Approaches One Light Day from EarthNASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft is set to become the first human-made object to travel more than a light day's distance from Earth, a monumental 26 billion kilometers away. This historic milestone is expected in January 2027. Despite recent communication challenges due to a fault protection system glitch, engineers successfully reestablished contact. Voyager 1 and its twin, Voyager 2, continue their journey through interstellar space, providing invaluable data about the cosmos.*Australia Axes Vital Military Satellite Defense SystemIn a surprising move, the Australian government has canceled a crucial $7 billion satellite defense project. The JP9102 military satellite communications system, awarded to Lockheed Martin, was intended to enhance Australia's military communications amid growing regional tensions. The decision, amid geopolitical challenges, raises concerns about Australia's defense capabilities and secure communications network.The Science RobertA study highlights the significant carbon footprint of private jet users, who generate 500 times more CO2 than the average person. Meanwhile, research identifies 22 pesticides linked to prostate cancer, and a systematic review confirms no link between cell phone use and brain cancer. Plus, a fascinating look at how animals in the wild might consume alcohol from fermented fruits.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support00:00 This is space Time Series 27, Episode 136 for broadcast on Remembrance Day00:46 New study suggests highly magnetic neutron stars are born out of stellar mergers05:06 NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft lost contact with mission managers on October 1815:10 Australian government has just axed a crucial $7 billion satellite defense project17:38 A new study has identified 22 pesticides consistently linked to the incidence of prostate cancer20:53 A new systematic review confirms there is no scientific evidence that cell phones cause cancer✍️ Episode ReferencesNASA[https://www.nasa.gov/](https://www.nasa.gov/)Caltech[https://www.caltech.edu/](https://www.caltech.edu/)Deep Synoptic Array[https://www.astro.caltech.edu/research/dsa/](https://www.astro.caltech.edu/research/dsa/)Owens Valley Radio Observatory[https://www.astro.caltech.edu/ovro/](https://www.astro.caltech.edu/ovro/)Nature Journal[https://www.nature.com/](https://www.nature.com/)Lockheed Martin[https://www.lockheedmartin.com/](https://www.lockheedmartin.com/)Australian Defence Force[https://www.defence.gov.au/](https://www.defence.gov.au/)UNRWA[https://www.unrwa.org/](https://www.unrwa.org/)Jet Propulsion Laboratory[https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/](https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/)

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 135*Could Uranus Moon Miranda Have a Subsurface Ocean?A new study suggests that Uranus' moon Miranda may harbour a liquid water ocean beneath its peculiar jigsaw-like surface. The findings, published in the Planetary Science Journal, challenge existing assumptions about Miranda's history and composition, potentially placing it among the select few worlds in our solar system with environments that could support life. The study highlights the intriguing possibility of a vast ocean beneath Miranda's icy crust, kept warm by gravitational tidal forces.*NASA Discovers Weird Red Rocks with Green Spots on MarsNASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has stumbled upon strange red rocks with green spots on the Martian surface. As the rover continues its journey towards the rim of Jezero Crater, it has uncovered a new geological puzzle featuring red and green rocks. Scientists are intrigued by the green spots, which could suggest past water activity, but their exact composition remains a mystery due to the rover's current limitations.*First Humans on Mars by 2035?NASA is planning to send humans to Mars as early as 2035. The mission would be part of the Artemis programme, with a journey that could take up to 14 months, including a 500-day stay on the Martian surface. This ambitious plan hinges on the successful deployment of the Lunar Gateway Space Station and other key technologies.The Science ReportNew research finds that children exposed to cannabis in the womb are more likely to exhibit behavioural issues. Meanwhile, ancient DNA studies reveal two genetically distinct populations north and south of the Caucasus Mountains, and a study links Airbnbs to increased crime rates. Plus, a fact-based conversation with AI might help some conspiracy theorists reconsider their beliefs.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 134*Perseverance's Uphill Struggle in Jezero CraterNASA's Mars Perseverance Rover faces challenges as it attempts to climb the steep and slippery ridgeline of Jezero Crater. Despite its previous experience with steep inclines, this mission marks the first time the rover has tackled such a challenging combination of slope and surface. Engineers are exploring new strategies, including driving backwards and zigzagging, to improve traction. The goal is to reach the crater's rim for valuable scientific exploration, with plans to study potential microbial life signs preserved in ancient rock layers.*ESA's Ramses Mission to ApophisThe European Space Agency is preparing for its Ramses mission to study the asteroid Apophis as it makes a close flyby of Earth in 2029. This rare event offers a unique opportunity to understand Apophis's composition and reaction to gravitational forces, crucial for future planetary defence strategies. The mission is modelled on the HERA spacecraft, and aims to launch by 2028 to reach Apophis in time.*Shenzhou 19 Docks with China's Space StationChina's Shenzhou 19 spacecraft has successfully docked with the Tiangong Space Station. The crew will conduct experiments, including tests on manufacturing lunar bricks, as part of China's goal to land taikonauts on the Moon by 2030. The mission highlights China's expanding space ambitions and technological advancements.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 133*Earth's Mantle: Two Distinct Domains RevealedGroundbreaking research has unveiled that the Earth's mantle is composed of two distinct and separate types of materials, forming independent African and Pacific domains. This discovery, published in Nature Geoscience, challenges previous assumptions of a chemically uniform mantle. The study highlights how these domains have been shaped by the formation and breakup of supercontinents over the past 700 million years, revealing the Earth has two chemically distinct hemispheres.*China's Ambitious Lunar PlansChina is accelerating its space ambitions, aiming to send its first taikonauts to the moon by 2030. The China Manned Space Agency plans to use its new Long March 10 rocket to transport taikonauts and a lunar lander to the moon's surface. This mission marks a significant step in China's lunar exploration, with plans to establish a joint base with Russia on the lunar surface by the early 2030s.*NASA's SpaceX Crew 8 Returns to EarthAfter a seven-month mission aboard the International Space Station, NASA's SpaceX Crew 8 has safely returned to Earth. During their mission, the crew conducted over 200 scientific investigations, including studies on space-based manufacturing, gene editing in Space environments, and plant growth in high radiation settings. These experiments aim to advance our understanding of long-duration Space missions and their potential applications.The Science ReportAustralia's climate continues to change with more extreme heat events and extended fire seasons. The latest State of the Climate Report highlights ongoing shifts in weather patterns, rising sea levels, and increasing temperatures. Meanwhile, a new study suggests vitamin K2 could help reduce night-time leg cramps, and the Australian Defence Force receives new Black Hawk helicopters amidst regional tensions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch plus now with official NASA Merch! Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 132*Could Betelgeuse Actually Be Two Stars?A new study raises the intriguing possibility that the red supergiant Betelgeuse may not be on the brink of supernova, as previously thought. Instead, it might be a binary star system. This revelation, reported in the Astrophysical Journal, suggests that an unseen companion star could be causing Betelgeuse's pulsing brightness, challenging the long-held belief of its impending explosion.*Richard Branson to Co-Pilot Space Perspective's First Manned Balloon FlightVirgin Group founder Richard Branson is set to co-pilot Space Perspective's first manned stratospheric balloon flight. The flight promises a gentle ascent to 100,000 feet, offering panoramic views of Earth without the high G-forces of traditional Space tourism, marking a new era in high-altitude experiences.*Australia's Ambitious Spaceport PlansDespite not launching an orbital mission in over 50 years, Australia is gearing up to expand its spaceport capabilities. Proposals for new spaceports in Western Australia and Queensland are on the table, aiming to position Australia as a key player in the global Space industry.Skywatch: November Night SkiesExplore the November night skies with highlights including the Andromeda Galaxy, the Crab Nebula, and three meteor showers. Discover the celestial wonders visible this month and the fascinating stories behind them.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch plus now with official NASA Merch! Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 131*Ultra High Energy Gamma Rays Detected in the Milky Way's CoreScientists have detected ultra high energy gamma rays emanating from the centre of the Milky Way. This discovery, reported in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, offers a new perspective on the violent phenomena occurring in the galactic core. Using the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory in Mexico, researchers measured these gamma rays at over 100 tera electron volts, providing insights into the cosmic processes involving Sagittarius A, the galaxy's central supermassive black hole.*Discovery of a Potential Triple Black Hole SystemAstronomers have identified what may be the first triple black hole system, located 8,000 light years away. This discovery could be the first direct evidence of gentle black hole formation, challenging the typical violent supernova origin theory. The system includes a central black hole, a closely orbiting star, and a far-off companion star, suggesting a more subtle formation process known as direct collapse.*NASA's New Deployable Solar Array System Faces ChallengesNASA has encountered issues with its new deployable solar array and antenna system on the Pathfinder Technology Demonstrator 4 spacecraft. The lightweight integrated solar array and antenna system, designed to enhance power and communication capabilities, is not deploying correctly due to a bent boom. This technology aims to support future deep Space missions with improved efficiency.The Science RobertA recent study reveals that standing, as opposed to sitting, does not improve cardiovascular health, despite the popularity of standing desks. Fossilised remains of a new giant elephant species have been found in India's Kashmir Valley, shedding light on elephant evolution. AI-assisted colonoscopies show a slight improvement in polyp detection. Meanwhile, Apple releases its first AI update, focusing on privacy and user data protection.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 130*Epoch of Reionization: New Insights from WebbA groundbreaking study suggests the epoch of reionization, a pivotal era in the universe's early evolution, may have occurred 350 million years earlier than previously believed. Utilising data from the James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have uncovered a greater abundance of extreme ultraviolet emitting galaxies, challenging established models. This revelation might imply that the cosmic microwave background radiation and the Lyman alpha forest should appear different, posing a conundrum for scientists and opening new avenues for understanding the universe's history.*NASA's DaVinci Mission Prepares for VenusNASA's upcoming DaVinci mission aims to explore Venus's enigmatic Alpha Regio, a mountainous region shrouded in mystery. The mission, set for the early 2030s, will delve into whether Venus once harboured oceans and continents, akin to Earth. By reanalysing old data and employing modern techniques, scientists have enhanced the resolution of Venus's topography, offering fresh insights into its geological features and potential volcanic activity. DaVinci's descent probe will capture unprecedented high-resolution images, potentially revealing new details about Venus's surface.*China's First Reusable Satellite TestChina has successfully tested its first reusable satellite, the SHY119, launched aboard a Long March 2D rocket. Recovered after 13.5 days, the mission included various payloads, such as plant seeds and technology demonstration devices. This achievement marks a significant milestone in China's Space exploration efforts, showcasing advancements in reusable satellite technology.The Science RobertA study links hearing loss in older age to an increased risk of Parkinson's disease, with effective management through hearing aids potentially mitigating this risk. In the South Australian outback, palaeontologists have discovered one of Earth's earliest life forms, dating back 550 million years. Meanwhile, a new study warns that up to 33% of frog and toad habitats could become arid by the century's end due to climate change. Additionally, a Gallup poll reveals a significant drop in support for childhood vaccinations in the US, raising concerns about herd immunity.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch plus now with official NASA Merch!. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 129*First Evidence of a Volcanic Splatocone on MarsScientists have identified what appears to be the first evidence of a volcanic splatter cone on Mars, similar to those found on Earth. This discovery, led by Ian Flynn from the University of Idaho, sheds light on the volcanic processes of the red planet. The presence of splatter cones, which form under specific conditions, provides new insights into Martian volcanology and the dynamics of volcanic eruptions.*Volcanic Moon Around a Distant Exoplanet?A new study suggests the presence of a volcanic exomoon orbiting the exoplanet WASP 49 b, located 635 light years away. The discovery is based on a sodium cloud detected near the planet, resembling the volcanic activity seen on Jupiter's moon Io. This potential exomoon could offer a new perspective on moons outside our solar system, although further observations are needed to confirm its existence.*Sun Reaches Solar MaximumThe sun has reached the solar maximum of its 11-year cycle, marking a peak in solar activity. This period is characterised by increased sunspots and Space weather events, impacting satellites, communication systems, and power grids on Earth. NASA's Parker Solar Probe is set to make its closest approach to the sun, providing valuable data to understand solar weather at its source.The Science RobertA new study finds that the rise in human life expectancy is slowing down. Research reveals that even low-risk alcohol consumption is linked to higher mortality in older adults with health or socioeconomic risk factors. Thawing permafrost may accelerate Arctic riverbank erosion, and Australia's proposed misinformation bill raises concerns about freedom of speech and censorship.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 128*Dating the Moon's Oldest Impact CraterScientists have pinpointed the edge of the massive South Pole-Aitken Basin, the largest and oldest known impact crater on the Moon, dating it to over 4.32 billion years old. By analysing a lunar meteorite, researchers have concluded that this impact site is around 120 million years earlier than the previously believed intense period of impact bombardment. These findings provide a clearer picture of the Moon's early impact history and have implications for understanding Earth's early conditions.*Recreating the Sound of Earth's Magnetic Polar FlipWith evidence suggesting that Earth's magnetic poles are about to flip, scientists have recreated what they believe could be the sound of this event. Earth's magnetic field, vital for life, is generated by the planet's molten outer core. The recreated soundscape provides an audio insight into the geomagnetic reversals, which occur roughly every 250,000 years, with the last flip occurring 770,000 years ago.*X-37B Space Shuttle's Pioneering Aero Braking ManoeuvreThe United States Space Force's X-37B Space shuttle has completed a novel aero braking manoeuvre to adjust its orbital flight path. This technique allows the spacecraft to safely eject service module components, preventing them from becoming Space junk. The operation marks a first for the X-37B, which continues its classified missions involving radiation experiments and space domain awareness technology testing.The Science ReportA new study indicates an increase in deaths following extreme rain events, with heart-related and respiratory deaths notably rising. A review highlights the health benefits of a Mediterranean diet for young people, linked to lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Engineers have developed energy-efficient bricks using waste materials, offering potential cost savings and reduced environmental impact. Concerns grow over data privacy as consumer advocacy groups reveal the extent of data collection by car manufacturers.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 127*SpaceX's Starship's Fifth Test Flight SuccessSpaceX's Starship has completed its fifth test flight with a spectacular feat of engineering, successfully catching the super heavy booster with mechanical chopsticks on the launch pad tower. The booster, equipped with 33 Raptor engines, returned to Earth after a successful launch from SpaceX's Starbase in Texas, showcasing the potential for rapid reuse and interplanetary missions. The test flight marks a significant step towards developing Starship for NASA's Artemis III mission, aiming for a manned moon landing in 2026.*Origins of Earth's Meteorites UncoveredA new study reveals that most meteorites reaching Earth originate from just three major asteroid breakup events. The findings, published in Astronomy and Astrophysics and Nature, identify the Karin, Koronis, and Massalia asteroid families as the sources of 70% of meteorite falls. These discoveries enhance our understanding of asteroid collisions in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter and help trace the origins of over 90% of meteorites on Earth.*NASA's Europa Clipper Mission LaunchesNASA's Europa Clipper mission has embarked on its journey to explore Jupiter's icy moon Europa. Launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket, the spacecraft will investigate Europa's subsurface ocean and potential habitability. The mission will conduct 49 flybys, using its suite of scientific instruments to study the moon's icy shell, composition, and geology. Europa Clipper aims to determine if conditions on Europa could support life, building on data from NASA's Galileo mission.The Science RobertNew research indicates that high temperatures and air pollution are contributing to a global increase in stroke cases, with significant rises in stroke-related deaths since 1990. A study warns that the H5N1 bird flu virus is spreading in the US through dairy cows, primarily via udder infections during milking. Additionally, a report suggests that teenage relationships influence life satisfaction in adulthood, highlighting the importance of social acceptance and close friendships during adolescence. Meanwhile, the Cancer Council of Western Australia faces scrutiny for promoting pseudoscientific therapies like Reiki and reflexology, raising concerns about their endorsement of unproven treatments.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 126*NASA's Parker Solar Probe Completes 21st Philip of the SunNASA's Parker Solar Probe has achieved its 21st close encounter with the Sun, matching its previous distance and speed records. The spacecraft swooped to within 7.26 million kilometers of the solar surface at a record speed of 635,300 km/h. This flyby sets up the probe for its final closest approaches, with its orbit shaped by a Venus gravity assist. The mission, launched in 2018, aims to study the Sun's corona and the solar wind, unraveling the mysteries of solar phenomena that impact the solar system.*Webb Space Telescope Finds Potential Missing Link to First StarsAstronomers using NASA's Webb Space Telescope have identified a galaxy with an unusual light signature that could be a missing link in galactic evolution. The galaxy, found approximately a billion years after the Big Bang, features gas outshining its stars, possibly due to massive, hot stars. This discovery offers insights into the transition from the universe's first stars to more familiar galaxies, providing a glimpse into the early cosmic environment.*Perseverance Rover's Key Science Instrument RobertNASA's Perseverance rover on Mars has regained the use of its critical Sherlock instrument after a six-month effort. The spectroscope, crucial for detecting organics and assessing habitability, had malfunctioned in January. The successful repair allows the rover to continue its mission of analyzing Martian rocks and soil for signs of past life and understanding the planet's geological history.The Science RobertA new study suggests that caffeine consumption may improve heart health by aiding vascular growth. Another study reveals increasing plant cover in Antarctica, linked to climate change. Research highlights how people often form opinions without sufficient information, contributing to conflicts. Lastly, a study confirms that astrologers perform no better than chance in predicting character or future events.00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 126, for broadcast on 18 October 202400:00:30 - NASA's Parker solar probe completes 21st close encounter with the sun00:03:08 - The Parker solar probe is touching the sun for the first time00:08:32 - Galaxy with unusual light signature attributed to gas outshining stars00:12:00 - NASA scientists have successfully brought a key science instrument back online on Mars00:14:51 - A new study has shown that consuming more caffeine may improve your heart health00:17:01 - New study shows people are biased to assume they know enough about situationswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 125*Discovery of the Most Distant Spiral GalaxyAstronomers have identified the most distant spiral galaxy ever seen, named REBELS 25. This galaxy, observed as it was 13.1 billion years ago, challenges current models of galaxy formation with its orderly spiral structure, despite being from an era when the universe was just 700 million years old. The discovery, made using the ALMA radio telescope in Chile, offers new insights into the early universe and the evolution of galaxies.*Record-Breaking Mantle Rock RecoveryScientists have achieved a groundbreaking recovery of rocks from Earth's mantle, the planet's largest component. The 1268-meter-long section of mantle rock, retrieved from the Atlantic's mid-ocean ridge, provides new insights into the mantle's role in Earth's geological processes. The findings, published in Science, reveal unexpected levels of melting and composition, offering clues to the origins of life and volcanic activity.*Launch of ESA's Hera Asteroid MissionThe European Space Agency's Hera mission has launched from Cape Canaveral, just ahead of Hurricane Milton. Hera will conduct a detailed study of the Didymos asteroid system, following NASA's successful Dart mission. The mission aims to enhance our understanding of asteroid deflection techniques, which could be crucial for planetary defense.The Science ReportA new, highly transmissible Covid-19 variant, XEC, has been detected in Australia. The variant, a recombinant of two Omicron subvariants, is spreading rapidly and has been reported in 29 countries.A consumer advocacy group reveals that car manufacturers are collecting and sharing extensive data from vehicles, raising privacy concerns.A study finds that deactivating Facebook can improve well-being but may reduce political knowledge.AMD's new AI chips set new standards for processing speed, outperforming competitors with their advanced capabilities.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 125 for broadcast on the 16 October 202400:00:47 - Astronomers have discovered the most distant spiral galaxy ever seen00:03:14 - Scientists have recovered long section of rocks that originated in the Earths mantle00:11:26 - NASA spacecraft to study asteroid Dimorphos and its tiny moon Didymos00:13:56 - More than 35,000 asteroids pose a threat to Earth00:18:45 - Hera will take two years to reach the asteroid system after launch00:24:32 - New highly transmissible variant of the Covid-19 virus has been detected in Australia00:27:29 - New study finds deactivating Facebook accounts reduces political knowledge00:31:05 -  spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday through various podcasting platforms

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 124*Galaxies: Bigger Than We Ever ImaginedRecent findings suggest that galaxies are far larger than previously thought, with gaseous halos extending much further into intergalactic space. This study, published in Nature Astronomy, focuses on the circumgalactic medium of a starburst galaxy 270 million light-years away. These halos, accounting for about 70% of a galaxy's mass excluding dark matter, may already be interacting with neighboring galaxies like Andromeda and the Milky Way. The research offers fresh insights into galaxy evolution, gas cycling, and the cosmic web.*Ancient Microbes Found in Billion-Year-Old RocksScientists have discovered living microbes in 2 billion-year-old rocks from South Africa's Bushveld Igneous Complex. This groundbreaking find, published in Microbial Ecology, represents the oldest known living microorganisms. The study utilized advanced imaging techniques to confirm the microbes were native to the ancient rock, offering a glimpse into early life on Earth and potential clues for extraterrestrial life on Mars.*Vulcan Centaur Rocket's Successful LaunchThe United Launch Alliance's new Vulcan Centaur rocket overcame a faulty booster to successfully place its payload into orbit. Despite the anomaly, the mission proceeded from Cape Canaveral, marking an important step towards using Vulcan for high-priority payloads. This launch follows Vulcan's maiden voyage and highlights the transition from older Atlas V and Delta IV rockets.The Science Report00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 124 for broadcast on the 14 October 202400:00:48 - New study finds that galaxies are much larger than previously thought00:06:25 - Galaxy is 270 million light years away and is a star bursting galaxy00:17:18 - United Launch Alliance's Vulcan rocket has overcome a faulty strap on booster00:22:12 - The 2024 Nobel Prizes for Science were awarded this week00:24:56 - A new study finds two diametrically opposed personalities enjoy magic the mostwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this Podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 123*Discovery of a New Region within the Earth's CoreScientists have uncovered a doughnut-shaped region within Earth's molten liquid outer core, located at low latitudes parallel to the equator. This torus-like zone was detected due to seismic waves travelling slower through this area compared to the rest of the liquid outer core. The discovery, published in Science Advances, suggests that this region could be several hundred kilometres thick and contains a high concentration of light chemical elements, which may be affecting the seismic wave speeds. The findings provide new insights into the Earth's magnetic field and its potential future changes.*Fresh Questions about the True Origins of the Earth's MoonA new hypothesis challenges the widely accepted giant impact theory of the Moon's formation. The study proposes that the Moon was captured during a close encounter between the young Earth and a separate terrestrial binary planetary system. This theory could explain the Moon's current orbital plane, more aligned with the sun's ecliptic than Earth's equator. The study opens the door to further exploration of the Moon's origins, especially considering its chemical similarities to Earth.*New Study Reveals More Secrets about Pluto's Binary Partner, CharonNASA's Webb Space Telescope has revealed that Charon, Pluto's binary partner, has significant reserves of carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide on its surface. The carbon dioxide ice forms a thin veneer over a water ice-rich subsurface. The study, published in Nature Communications, suggests that the carbon dioxide was likely stored beneath the surface until exposed by impacts, while hydrogen peroxide results from radiation breaking apart water ice. These findings add to the understanding of Charon's chemical composition and its geological history.00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 123 for broadcast on 11 October 202400:00:46 - Scientists have detected a new doughnut shaped region within the Earth's molten liquid core00:12:31 - A new study has come up with a different hypothesis to explain the origin of the moon00:17:46 - NASA's Webb Space Telescope reveals vast reserves of carbon dioxide on Pluto's surface00:21:19 - People with type two diabetes who sleep short may develop microvascular disease00:24:23 - Movie producers claim they've accidentally captured footage of a lake monster00:27:23 - Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting platformswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 122*The Sun's Most Powerful Solar Flare in Over a DecadeThe Sun has unleashed its most powerful solar flare in more than a decade, with a spectacular X9.1 class event. This massive solar flare, part of a pair that erupted just two days apart, was detected by NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory. The event sparked strong G3 class geomagnetic storms, causing auroral activity to reach mid-latitudes and triggering deep shortwave radio blackouts. Solar flares, like this one, can have significant impacts on Earth's atmosphere, communications, and power grids.*Ceres: A Former Ocean World?New research suggests that the dwarf planet Ceres may have once been an ocean world. The study, published in Nature Astronomy, indicates that Ceres has a dirty icy crust, suggesting a past filled with muddy oceans. Computer simulations reveal that the crust may contain up to 90% ice, challenging previous assumptions of a drier Ceres. The findings are based on data from NASA’s Dawn mission, which observed surface features like volcanoes and glaciers.*NASA's Europa Clipper MissionNASA’s Europa Clipper mission is set for launch to explore Jupiter's ice-covered moon, Europa. The mission aims to investigate the moon's potential for life, with a suite of nine scientific instruments on board. These tools will study Europa's icy crust, subsurface ocean, and surface composition. The spacecraft will perform 49 flybys of Europa, gathering data to help scientists understand the moon’s habitability and its potential for hosting life.00:00:00 - The sun unleashes its most powerful solar flare in more than a decade00:00:27 - The sun has just emitted its most powerful solar flare in more than a decade00:04:35 - New study claims dwarf planet Ceres may once have been an ocean world00:14:34 - NASA's Europa Clipper mission is looking for life on icy moon Europa00:19:58 - New figures show 47,000 people suffered heat related deaths across Europe last year00:22:33 - Microsoft will release a new update for Windows 11 next month with AI features00:25:46 - Outlook reminds you you haven't added your attachment yet00:26:56 - Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcast providerswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 121*A New Planet Discovered Orbiting Barnard's StarAstronomers have discovered a new exoplanet orbiting Barnard's Star, the closest single star to the Sun. This newly found planet, Barnard b, has about half the mass of Earth and completes an orbit around its host star every three Earth days. Located 5.96 light-years away, Barnard's Star is a small red dwarf in the constellation Ophiuchus. The discovery was made using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and has sparked interest due to its low mass and proximity to its star. The study also hints at the existence of three more potential exoplanets in the system, although additional observations are needed for confirmation.*ESA's Hera Mission LaunchThe European Space Agency's Hera mission is set to launch, aimed at exploring the aftermath of NASA's DART mission impact on the asteroid Dimorphos. The mission will provide detailed analysis of the impact site and the asteroid's composition, mass, and structural changes. Hera will also deploy two cubesats, Milani and Juventus, to perform close-up observations and experiments. The mission is crucial for understanding how to protect Earth from potential asteroid threats in the future.*Spectacular Annular Solar EclipseA stunning annular solar eclipse, known as a "ring of fire," has been witnessed by people across the eastern and southern Pacific, as well as parts of South America. The eclipse, which occurs when the Moon is slightly further from Earth, left a bright ring of sunlight visible around the Moon's silhouette. The event was best viewed from Easter Island and parts of Argentina and Chile, with partial views seen in other regions including Bolivia, Peru, and New Zealand.00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 121, for broadcasts on 7 October 202400:00:47 - Astronomers have discovered a planet orbiting Barnard star, the closest single00:04:48 - European Space Agency's Hera planetary defence mission slated for launch today00:08:40 - NASA's Dart spacecraft crashed into the dimorphos asteroid in 202200:12:11 - The people of the east and South Pacific and South America witnessed an annual solar eclipse00:14:07 - Scientists have developed a new drug delivery system for type two diabetes00:17:02 - Women are turning to psychics to find out if their husbands are cheatingwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 120*Planet Earth Just Got a Second MoonPlanet Earth has temporarily acquired a second moon, a tiny near-Earth asteroid named 2024 PTS. Captured by Earth's gravitational field on September 29, this 10-metre wide Space rock will remain in orbit until November 25, making it one of only five known mini moons. Discovered by the Atlas asteroid terrestrial impact last alert system, 2024 PTS belongs to the Arjuna asteroid group and is too small to be seen with the naked eye but can be observed through a telescope.*Mars' Missing Atmosphere Could Be in Its CrustA new study suggests Mars' missing atmosphere could be hiding in plain sight within the planet's crust. The research, published in the journal Science Advances, posits that ancient water on Mars may have reacted with the planet's ultramafic igneous rocks to form smectite clays, trapping carbon dioxide and converting it into methane. This process could account for up to 80% of Mars' initial atmosphere, providing a potential future energy source for human missions.*Record Stay Aboard the International Space StationTwo Russian cosmonauts have returned to Earth after a record-breaking 374-day stay aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Their mission marks the longest continuous time spent on the ISS by any humans. The pair, along with an American astronaut who spent six months on the station, landed safely in Kazakhstan aboard the Soyuz MS-25 capsule. The current ISS crew includes eight members, with some scheduled to return to Earth in February next year aboard a SpaceX Dragon capsule.00:00:00 " New study claims Mars could be hiding its missing atmosphere in plain sight00:00:27 " The asteroid 2024 PTS was temporarily captured by Earth on September 2900:04:35 " A new study claims the missing martian atmosphere could be hiding in the crust00:10:54 " Two Russian cosmonauts have landed safely on Kazakhstan steppe00:12:18 " October is the last day of the month celebrated as All Hallows Eve00:15:37 " Astronomers describe stars in terms of spectral types based on temperature00:24:33 " October has three great meteor showers, the draconids, the Taurids00:29:40 " October is a great time to start stargazing00:34:42 " October is the best time of year to see many southern constellations00:36:30 " In the evening we've got Venus and Saturn above the western horizon00:38:47 " Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcastswww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 119*Australian Crater Offers Fresh Insights into Earth's HistoryScientists have uncovered a potential 600-kilometre-wide crater in Australia's outback, which could revolutionise our understanding of Earth's geological past. This discovery, presented at the 37th International Geological Congress in South Korea, suggests the existence of Mapix, a massive Cambrian-Precambrian impact structure. The crater's unique characteristics could provide new insights into the geological and biological evolution of our planet. The study's authors have found significant geological evidence, including pseudotachylite breccia and shock minerals like lonsdaleite, supporting the age, size, and location of this impact structure.*Perseverance Rover Discovers Striped Rock on MarsNASA's Mars Perseverance rover has spotted an unusual black and white striped rock on the Red Planet. The discovery was made during the rover's exploration of the outer rim of Jezero Crater. The rock, named Freya Castle, has a striking pattern and is unlike anything previously observed on Mars. Early interpretations suggest that igneous and metamorphic processes could have created its distinctive stripes. This finding adds to the variety of intriguing rocks discovered by the rover, which could be among the oldest or youngest ever investigated on Mars.*Blue Origin's New Glenn Completes Second Stage Hot Fire TestBlue Origin's new heavy-lift rocket, the New Glenn, has successfully completed a hot fire test of its second stage booster. This critical test at Cape Canaveral's Space Launch Complex 36 marks a key step towards the rocket's inaugural test flight, scheduled for next month. The NG-1 mission will carry the prototype Blue Ring spacecraft, designed for refuelling, transporting, and hosting satellites. The 15-second hot fire test demonstrated the integrated operation of the vehicle's BE-3U engines and various subsystems, setting the stage for future missions.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.00:00 - This is spacetime series 27 episode 119 for broadcast on 2 October 202400:49 - Scientists have discovered a possible crater stretching more than 600 kilometres across Australia's outback02:54 - NASA's Mars Perseverance rover has discovered an unusual striped rock05:46 - The Mars Perseverance rover is exploring ancient Martian rocks10:59 - Researchers have found nanostructures around deep ocean hydrothermal vents12:57 - 61% of Americans admit to self censoring, according to study15:09 - Meta showing off their new Orion augmented reality glasses; Huawei releasing threefold phones19:16 - Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting services

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 118*Dark Matter May Be Experiencing Forces Beyond GravityA groundbreaking new study suggests that dark matter, the elusive substance making up 85% of the universe's matter, may interact through forces other than gravity. Using observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, researchers have found that dark matter particles might experience additional forces, providing crucial new insights into their nature. The findings challenge the long-held collisionless cold dark matter model, opening new avenues for understanding the universe's most perplexing component.*Rare Naked Eye Comet Visible from EarthSkywatchers have a unique opportunity to witness the rare comet C/2023 A3 (Shushani Atlas) with the naked eye. Discovered by the Purple Mountain Observatory and the Atlas system, this comet is currently visible just before sunrise near the eastern horizon. On an 80,000-year journey from the Oort cloud, it is expected to become even brighter after passing close to the Sun, potentially reaching a magnitude of 2.5.*Humans on Mars by 2028?Former US President Donald Trump has announced an ambitious plan to send humans to Mars by 2028, eight years ahead of current schedules. This bold statement comes as Trump hints at discussions with SpaceX CEO Elon Musk to use the company's Starship for the mission. While the Artemis programme aims to return humans to the Moon by 2026, Trump's proposal could significantly accelerate human exploration of the Red Planet.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 117*The Biggest Black Hole Jets Ever SeenAstronomers have detected the largest pair of black hole jets ever observed, stretching an astounding 23 million light years. Named Porphyron, this jet megastructure dates back to when the universe was just 6.3 billion years old. The discovery, published in the journal Nature, suggests that these colossal jets had a significant impact on galaxy formation during the universe's early epochs.*NASA's Europa Clipper Mission Ready for LaunchAll systems are go for next month's launch of NASA's Europa Clipper mission, set to study the oceans of Jupiter's ice moon, Europa. The spacecraft will be launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket and will undertake a series of 49 close flybys to determine if Europa's subsurface ocean could be habitable.*Iran Tests Another Nuclear Capable MissileIn defiance of United Nations resolutions, Iran has tested a new medium-range ballistic missile capable of carrying nuclear warheads. The launch of the Karam 100 missile is part of Tehran's ongoing efforts to develop its nuclear weapons delivery systems.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 116*Discovery of More Black Holes Than Expected in the Early UniverseA new study using the Hubble Space Telescope has uncovered a significantly higher number of supermassive black holes in the early universe than previously anticipated. Published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, the findings could revolutionise our understanding of how these ancient black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang. Astronomers, including Alice Young from Stockholm University, suggest that these massive black holes might have originated from the collapse of massive gas clouds or through rapid mergers of smaller stellar-mass black holes.*New Volcano Spotted on Jupiter's Moon IoAstronomers have discovered a new volcano on Io, one of Jupiter's moons, using the Junocam instrument aboard NASA's Juno mission. Io, the most geologically active object in the solar system, boasts over 400 active volcanoes. The newly discovered volcano, located just south of Io's equator, was identified in the first close-up images of Io in over 25 years. The images reveal multiple lava flows and volcanic deposits, with sulphur staining on the eastern side and dark lava streams on the western side.*Confirming the Mass of the W BosonScientists at CERN have confirmed the mass of the W boson, a fundamental particle in physics, to be 80,360.2 mega electron volts, with a margin of error of 9.9 mega electron volts. This confirmation resolves a previous unexpected measurement and aligns with the Standard Model of particle physics. The study utilised data from the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the Large Hadron Collider, involving the analysis of millions of events to achieve this precise measurement.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comThis week’s guests include: Alice Young from Stockholm University🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.Support our sponsors and help support SpaceTime - Thank you:Protonmail - for when email security is paramount. Setup and start for free!Malwarebytes (as recommmended by Alex Zaharov-Reutt in the Tech Report)Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Fam Memorbillia & Merch.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 115*How Black Holes Eat StarsAstronomers have developed a groundbreaking computer simulation detailing how supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies can rip apart and consume entire stars. The study, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, provides new insights into the mysterious optical and ultraviolet emissions observed during these catastrophic events. Lead author Daniel Price from Monash University explains that the simulation captures the full evolution of the debris from a star being tidally disrupted by a black hole.*New Revelations About Earth’s MantleA new study reveals that the chemical composition of the Earth's mantle is uniform globally and only changes as it passes through different layers of crust closer to the planet's surface. Reported in the journal Nature Geoscience, the findings suggest that lavas from volcanic hotspots around the world likely originate from a worldwide uniform reservoir in the Earth's mantle.*Water More Widespread on the Moon Than Previously ThoughtNew maps from both the near and far sides of the Moon show that the lunar surface contains vast amounts of water, mostly locked in the lunar regolith. The findings, published in the Planetary Science Journal, suggest multiple sources of water and hydroxyl in sunlit rocks and soils, including water-rich rocks excavated by meteor impacts at all lunar latitudes.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comThis week’s guests include: Professor Daniel Price from Monash University🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch. Well worth a look....Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 114*Did the Dwarf Planet Ceres Originate in the Asteroid Belt? A new study challenges earlier observations about the origins of Ceres, the largest body in the main asteroid belt. The findings suggest that Ceres may have formed where it currently orbits rather than in the outer solar system.*Galactic Mystery About Dark Matter and Stars Finally Resolved Astronomers have overturned a longstanding idea that stars and dark matter interact in inexplicable ways. New models suggest that the similarity in density structures across different galaxies might be due to previous oversimplified modelling rather than an actual interaction between stars and dark matter.*China's Secretive Space Plane Returns to Earth China's experimental reusable spacecraft has completed a 268-day orbital mission. While Beijing claims the mission was for peaceful Space operations, the spacecraft appeared to be inspecting other satellites, raising questions about its true purpose.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comThis week’s guests include: Caro Derkenne an ASTRO 3D researcher from Macquarie University   And our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from www.techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics    🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn . The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

In today’s episode, we explore the latest discoveries in lunar volcanism, the unique phenomena awaiting astronauts at the moon's south pole, and the arrival of a new crew at the International Space Station. Join us for an in-depth look at these exciting developments in Space exploration!*Recent volcanism on discovered on the Moon Scientists have discovered evidence of volcanism on the lunar surface as recently as 125 million years ago. *The Strange phenomena people will see at Moon's south pole When astronauts return to the Moon’s surface as part of the Artemis 3 mission to the Lunar south pole, they’ll experience a very different environment to that which the Apollo astronauts witnessed more than half a century ago. *A new crew arrives at the International Space Station The Russian Soyuz MS-26 capsule has successfully docked with the International Space station just three hours after its launch aboard a Soyuz 2.1a rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in in the central Asian republic of Kazakhstan. *The Science Report Study shows up to 19% of dementia cases could be linked to vision problems. Over 52 million tonnes of plastic dumped into the environment every year. The growing amount of incorrect AI generated data being generated. Alex on Tech: are the new iPhone 16s worth it?  www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 112First Ever Spacewalk by Private AstronautsA historic milestone as the first commercial non-government astronauts successfully complete a spacewalk using a SpaceX Dragon capsule. The mission, launched aboard a Falcon 9 rocket, aimed to monitor radiation exposure levels during its journey into the Van Allen radiation belts.Boeing Starliner Returns Safely to EarthBoeing's trouble-plagued Starliner spacecraft has safely returned to Earth, landing unmanned at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. NASA opted for an unmanned return due to ongoing safety concerns with the spacecraft.*Asteroid Creates Spectacular Fireball Over the Philippines: A small asteroid created a stunning fireball as it entered Earth's atmosphere over the Philippines. The asteroid, designated 2024 RW1, was detected just hours before its atmospheric entry, providing a dazzling light show without causing any harm. https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com https://www.bitesz.com/ Become a supporter of this podcast and access commercial-free, triple episode editions plus bonus content. Details: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn . The discount and bonuses are incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 111 *Evidence of Unexpected Population of Kuiper Belt Objects A new study has detected an unexpected population of very distant bodies in the Kuiper Belt, an outer region of the solar system populated by ancient remnants of planetary building blocks lying beyond the orbit of Neptune. *The Martian polar caps are not created equally A new study has confirmed that the Martian polar ice caps are evolving very differently from each other. *Artemis III service module on its way to NASA The European Space Agency’s Artemis III service module destined for use on the historic mission that will return humans to the lunar surface in 2026 is about to commence its journey to the Kennedy Space Center. *The Science Report Bird flu now spreading on Antarctica’s South Georgia island and the Falkland Islands. Finding New Zealand’s original native animals. Australian HIV levels continue to drop.   https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com  https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 110 *Gigantic asteroid impact shifted Ganymede’s axis A new study claims that the solar system’s largest moon, the Jovian giant Ganymede, was hit by a massive asteroid four billion years ago shifting its axis. *New way to measure the spin of a supermassive black hole Astronomers have found a new way to measure how fast a black hole spins, by using the wobbly aftermath from its stellar feasting. *Nasa’s solar sail mission tumbling in orbit NASA says its Advanced Composite Solar Sail System spacecraft is "tumbling or wobbling" through space, which may have impacted its orbit. *The Science Report Semaglutide found to reduce the risk of heart failure. Semaglutide also found to reduce the risk of dying from any cause including COVID-19. Claims current screentime before sleep recommendations for kids are neither achievable nor appropriate. Alex on Tech Apple’s i-phone 16Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, new research suggests Venus may have formed continents in a manner similar to early Earth, the BepiColombo spacecraft faces propulsion issues, and Sentinel-2C joins the Copernicus family in orbit. Join us for these fascinating updates and more! 00:00:00 - This is SpaceTime series 27, episode 109, for broadcast on 9 September 2024 00:00:45 - New study suggests Venus's tesserae may have formed like Earth's earliest continents 00:12:30 - Propulsion glitches aboard the BepiColombo spacecraft 00:23:45 - Sentinel-2C joins the Copernicus family in orbit 00:32:15 - The science report: Cell phones do not cause brain cancer For more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Links:NordPassProtonMail & SecurityMalwarebytesNordVPN

In this episode of SpaceTime, NASA's DaRT mission permanently alters an asteroid's orbit, construction progresses on the Lunar Gateway Space Station, and Blue Origin's 8th Space tourism mission is a success. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is SpaceTime series 27, episode 108, for broadcast on 6 September 2024Carl Battams - NASA's DaRT mission changes the orbit and shape of asteroid Dimorphos00:12:30 - Construction continues on the new Lunar Gateway Space Station00:23:45 - Blue Origin's 8th Space tourism mission achieves success00:32:15 - September Skywatch: September Equinox, Cygnus X-1, and the Epsilon Perseids and Aurigids meteor showersFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comFor a commercial-free experience, become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Links:NordPassProtonMail & Security (ditch gmail and outlook....use this instead. We do...)MalwarebytesNordVPN

In this episode of SpaceTime, new discoveries reveal the universe's first galaxies weren't as massive as previously thought, but their central black holes made them appear larger. NASA's Europa Clipper mission moves closer to launch readiness, and SpaceX halts Falcon 9 launches following a dramatic landing failure. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is SpaceTime series 27, episode 107, for broadcast on 4 September 202400:00:45 - New study shows early galaxies' black holes made them seem bigger and brighter00:12:30 - NASA's Europa Clipper mission prepares for October launch00:23:45 - SpaceX pauses Falcon 9 launches after landing failure00:32:15 - The science report: Taking breaks from screen time benefits kids' mental healthFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Links:NordPassProtonMail & SecurityMalwarebytesNordVPN

In this episode of SpaceTime, the launch of the new Dream Chaser orbital Space plane is delayed until next year, NASA discovers a long-sought-after global electric field on Earth, and the latest Australian lunar rover is unveiled. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - Sierra Space have confirmed that their new Dream chaser orbital space plane won't fly00:08:07 - Scientists have for the first time successfully measured a planet wide electrical field00:17:17 - Perth based consortium unveils prototype of lunar rover for NASA00:18:59 - Australia has agreed to manufacture and service cruise missiles at a new facility00:20:22 - Drug currently used to treat type two diabetes could potentially reduce risk of dementia00:22:23 - There are growing reports of people experiencing what people call time slippingFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Links:NordPassProtonMail & SecurityMalwarebytesNordVPN

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the discovery of the heaviest antimatter hyper nucleus ever created, witness a spectacular rocket engine explosion at the United Kingdom's new spaceport, and explore why food tastes bad in SpaceTime. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 105 for broadcast on 30 August 202400:00:26 - Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered a new antimatter hyper nucleus00:05:03 - Rocket booster explodes during test at British spaceport; no one injured00:12:21 - Julia Lowe: We put people in virtual reality environments to study food preferences00:16:36 - 5% of people are consuming products that are potentially toxic to livers00:18:23 - Social position and income are linked to your food preferences, study finds00:19:44 - The editor of the pop paranormal website Higgypop says he's sceptic00:23:17 -  Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting platformsEpisode Special Guest:Julia Low from RMIT University in Melbourne, AustraliaFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Links:NordPassProtonMail & SecurityMalwarebytes   NordVPN

In this episode of SpaceTime, the mystery of the famous "Wow!" signal may finally be solved, the European Space Agency's Cluster mission is set to end in a fiery re-entry over the South Pacific, and Earth gets hit by another powerful solar storm. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is SpaceTime series 27, episode 104, for broadcast on the 28 August 202400:00:45 - New study may have identified the source of the famous "Wow!" signal00:12:30 - European Space Agency's Cluster mission to end with a controlled re-entry00:23:45 - Earth hit by another powerful solar storm00:32:15 - The science report: Higher levels of plant fats linked to lower risk of heart disease00:45:00 - Neuralink's brain implant shows promising results in second trial patientFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Link:NordPassProtonMail & SecurityMalwarebytesNordVPN

In this episode of SpaceTime, NASA decides to return the stranded Starliner crew to Earth aboard SpaceX's Dragon, a new study tracks down the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs, the JUICE spacecraft completes the first-ever joint lunar-Earth gravity assist flyby, and three more Australian satellites are sent into orbit. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is SpaceTime series 27, episode 103, for broadcast on 26 August 202400:00:45 - NASA to return Starliner crew aboard SpaceX's Dragon due to ongoing spacecraft issues00:12:30 - New study reveals the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs originated beyond Jupiter00:23:45 - Juice spacecraft completes first-ever joint lunar-Earth gravity assist flyby00:32:15 - Three more Australian satellites launched into orbit00:45:00 - The science report: Tiny volcanic glass shards in Tasmania linked to a supereruption in New ZealandFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Links:Check out the very special deals we've arranged for you:NordPassNordVPNProtonMail & SecurityMalwarebytes

In this episode of SpaceTime, we bid farewell to NASA's NEOWISE Space Telescope, explore the complexities of lunar timekeeping, and celebrate the successful drop tests of Europe's Space Rider spacecraft. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 102, for broadcast on 23 August 202400:00:44 - NASA's infrared space telescope has relayed its final data stream to Earth00:08:27 - Scientists develop plan for precise timekeeping on the moon, paving way for GPS00:11:55 - European Space Agency's reusable space rider test article undergoing drop tests00:13:54 - A new study has found a link between heavy cannabis use and cancer risk00:16:37 - Paranormal practitioners are claiming a portal has opened up in StaffordshireFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Link:NordPassProtonMail & SecurityMalwarebytes

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the discovery of vast oceans of liquid water beneath Mars' surface, uncover new insights into galaxy growth in dense environments, and celebrate the arrival of three Australian satellites aboard the International Space Station. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is SpaceTime series 27, episode 101 for broadcast on the 21st of August 202400:00:45 - Oceans of liquid water found deep under the Martian surface00:12:30 - New study shows galaxies in dense environments tend to grow bigger00:23:45 - Three Australian satellites arrive aboard the International Space Station00:32:15 - The science report: New figures confirm July was the 14th consecutive month of record-breaking heat00:45:00 - Google releases new AI-equipped Pixel smartphone rangeFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Link:This episode is brought to you by NordPass...the password manager you really need in your life. To check out our special discount offer visit www.bitesz.com/nordpass

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the origins of Stonehenge's altar stone, delve into NASA's Mars Perseverance rover's ambitious climb up Jezero crater's rim, and anticipate tomorrow's blue super moon. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 100, for broadcast on 19 August 202400:00:46 - New research has revealed Stonehenge's monumental altar stone comes from Scotland00:08:49 - Have you drawn an opinion yet as to what Stonehenge was used for00:11:39 - Tomorrow night's super moon will also be a blue moon00:12:15 - NASA's Mars Perseverance rover begins climb up western rim of crater00:17:08 - The moon will reach its fullest early tomorrow morning in Australia00:19:45 - One consequence of perigee full moons is an increase in ocean tides00:22:20 - A new study finds Australians are more likely to live longer than other nations00:25:18 - Increasing coastal erosion is reducing Arctic Ocean's ability to absorb carbon dioxideFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportSponsor Link:You really need a Password manager in your life. Really, they just work. Check out the deal we have for you with NordPass....you'll be glad you did. And you'll be helping support SpaceTime (at no extra cost to you): www.bitesz.com/nordpass

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest findings that are reshaping our understanding of how Earth's continents formed, a major breakthrough in subatomic particle measurements, and a new SpaceTime telescope set to study the cosmic dawn and the ultimate fate of our universe.Join us for these fascinating updates and more!  00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 99 for broadcast on the 16 August 202400:00:45 - New study pokes holes in leading theories of continental formation00:03:49 - Neutrinos are fundamental to the standard model of particle physics00:05:53 - Scientists have detected high energy neutrinos from the Large Hadron Collider00:16:37 - The World Health Organisation has issued a warning about a new superbug00:18:39 - Reports growing that UK is running out of ghosts  For more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the possibility of a hidden ocean on Uranus's moon Ariel. Discover the Webb Space Telescope's new insights into star formation and delve into the mysteries of neutron star mergers. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27 episode 98 for broadcast on the 14 August 202400:00:43 - Growing speculation that Uranuss moon Ariel could harbour a hidden subsurface ocean00:12:46 - Scientists use supercomputers to study how quickly black holes form from neutron star merger00:16:30 - A new study claims thinking too hard can be unpleasant00:19:22 - Apple releases new security updates for iPhones, iPads and Macs00:19:59 - Google unveils new Pixel phones in Australia on Wednesday morning00:22:02 - Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting servicesFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest revelations about the origins of our solar system, uncovered through the analysis of asteroid samples from NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission. We also discuss the ongoing challenges faced by Boeing's Starliner crew, who might be stranded on the International Space Station until next year, and the bustling activity aboard the orbiting outpost with all docking bays currently occupied. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!For more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

In this episode, we explore new revelations about near-Earth asteroids and their evolution over time. We also dive into the ongoing enigma of the sun's superheated corona, and the Kremlin's latest plans for a new Russian orbital SpaceTime station plus Skywatch highlights for August...what you can see in the night sky this month.. Join us for these intriguing updates and more!- 00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 96, for broadcast on the 9 August 2024- 00:00:44 - Five new studies provide fresh insights into the ways asteroids change over time- 00:10:50 - Russia has unveiled the latest designs and timeline for its new space station- 00:15:22 - Astronomers describe stars in terms of spectral types based on temperature and characteristics- 00:19:58 - Messier four is one of 103 fuzzy objects discovered by Charles Messiere- 00:22:16 - Sagittarius is known for its many nebula and clusters- 00:23:23 - Ophiuchius contains several star clusters and other interesting features- 00:27:02 - August is also the peak of the annual Perseids meteor shower- 00:29:00 - The Milky Way is directly overhead in the southern hemisphere at this time of year- 00:30:21 - The southern cross is visible in the evening sky during AugustFor more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

In this episode of SpaceTime, we explore the possibility of Mercury harbouring a thick layer of solid diamond deep below its ancient surface. We also delve into new details about the brightest gamma ray burst of all time and discuss the recent surge in auroral activity as the sun approaches solar maximum. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!For more SpaceTime visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comFor more Space News podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

In today's episode of SpaceTime, we explore NASA's Mars Perseverance rover's discovery of what could be the first potential signs of ancient life on Mars. We also discuss the recording of Earth's hottest day ever and SpaceX's plans to base a Starship recovery team in Australian waters. Join us for these fascinating updates and more!00:00:00 " This is spacetime series 27, episode 94 for broadcast on the 5 August 202400:00:47 " NASA's Mars perseverance rover has discovered what could be first potential signs00:08:32 " NASA says July 22 was the hottest day on record on planet Earth00:11:05 " SpaceX is looking at recovering the starship following a future test flight00:15:40 " A short term vegan diet can actually make you biologically younger, study finds00:17:39 " The first of the Australian Defence Forces long awaited Triton drones have arrived00:22:32 " Project sign was the first official us air force investigations, started in 1948For more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

In today's episode of SpaceTime, we delve into NASA's decision to axe the $50 million Viper Lunar rover project due to rising costs and delays. We also explore the discovery of another intermediate black hole near the centre of the Milky Way and discuss NASA's special message for the Jovian ice moon Europa.Join us for these fascinating updates and more!For more SpaceTime visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

In today’s episode of SpaceTime, Stuart Gary delves into the latest climate predictions as Earth moves into a La Niña watch, signalling potential wet weather and flooding for eastern Australia.We also explore the initial signs of the sun's next solar cycle, detected through sound waves deep within the star, and the intriguing experiment of sending human muscle cells into SpaceTime to study their growth in microgravity.Join us for these stories and more!For more visit www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 91, where we delve into the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.- Starliner's Stranded Crew: There's still no return date for Boeing's trouble-plagued Starliner spacecraft, which remains docked at the International Space Station. Helium leaks and faulty thrusters have turned what was meant to be an eight-day mission into a seven-week marathon.- Curiosity's Stunning Discovery: NASA's Mars Curiosity rover has discovered rocks made of pure sulphur on the red planet. This unprecedented find has scientists excited and puzzled, as they investigate the geological history of Mars.- Ancient Earth Rocks: New research shows that some of Earth's oldest rocks are more widespread than previously thought. Mineral deposits near the Western Australian town of Coeli have been dated to 3.44 billion years, offering new insights into Earth's ancient history.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor Offer: This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime:- Become a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/- www.bitesz.com- 00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 91, for broadcast on 29 July 2024- 00:00:46 - Helium leaks and faulty thrusters hampered SpaceX Starliner mission to ISS- 00:06:56 - NASA's Mars Curiosity rover has discovered rocks made of pure sulphur on Mars- 00:12:16 - New study shows some of planet Earth's oldest rocks are far more widespread- 00:17:32 - Zircons are fantastic timekeepers because they have an inbuilt clock- 00:24:00 - Idea is thinking about, you know, on the early earth, was- 00:28:51 - New study finds human induced climate change has driven increasing rainfall variability globally- 00:36:30 - Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple podcasts

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 90, where we delve into the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.**Discovery of an Intermediate Mass Black Hole**: Astronomers have detected what they believe is a rare intermediate mass black hole buried deep inside the Omega Centauri globular star cluster. This discovery, based on two decades of Hubble Space Telescope observations, provides compelling new evidence for this elusive type of black hole, which acts as a missing link in black hole evolution.- **Europe's JUICE Spacecraft Flyby**: The European Space Agency's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) is about to undertake a gravity-assisted flyby of the Earth and Moon. This manoeuvre will alter the spacecraft's speed and direction, setting it on a course to Jupiter. The flyby is a double world first, being both the first lunar-Earth flyby and the first double gravity assist manoeuvre.- **Portable Urine Recycling System for Spacesuits**: Inspired by the still suits in the movie Dune, scientists have developed a new portable urine collection and recycling system for spacesuits. This system could solve the hygiene and water scarcity issues faced by astronauts during long spacewalks and deep space missions.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor Offer: This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime:- Become a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 90 for broadcast on 26 July 202400:00:48 - Astronomers have detected what they believe is a rare intermediate mass black hole00:07:02 - Juice spacecraft to make first gravity assist flyby of Earth and moon00:15:46 - Astronauts need to use adult diapers when undertaking a spacewalk00:18:57 - New study finds diabetes drug could improve symptoms of heart failure00:21:37 - There are fresh warnings about the dangers of the so called wellness industry00:24:21 - Long standing underinvestment in women's health worries experts00:27:16 -  spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting platforms

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 89, where we explore the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.- Titan's Tiny Waves: Astronomers have determined that the seas of Saturn's largest moon, Titan, exhibit very tiny waves, only a few millimetres high. The findings, based on data from the Cassini spacecraft, reveal tidal currents and provide fresh insights into Titan's liquid hydrocarbon seas.- Moon Caves as Future Lunar Dwellings: New research suggests that underground cave networks on the Moon could offer safe dwellings for future astronauts. Detected through NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, these caverns could provide shelter from radiation and extreme temperatures.- Increased Fire Risk on Space Missions: A new study warns of an increased risk of fire on future long-distance interplanetary space missions. The unique conditions of microgravity and lower ambient air pressure could make fires spread more quickly and burn more intensely, posing significant dangers for space travellers.- 00:00:00 - New research shows moon caves could provide future lunar dwellings for astronauts- 00:00:47 - Scientists find evidence of tidal currents in seas of Saturn's largest moon Titan- 00:07:57 - Astronomers find evidence of potentially accessible underground cave networks on the moon- 00:10:31 - New research warns fires will provide increased risk for space travellers on future missions- 00:15:31 - New study claims some bugs could be linked with autism spectrum disorder- 00:18:06 - Apple's new vision pro augmented goggles have grabbed heaps of attentionFollow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor Offer: This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 88, where we delve into the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.- **Climate Change and Earth's Rotation**: Discover how human activity is altering the planet's rotation. New studies reveal that melting ice masses in Greenland and Antarctica are causing water to flow into the world's oceans, shifting mass towards the equator and affecting Earth's rotational speed. This fascinating phenomenon is explored in depth, including its implications for future space navigation.- - **The Three-Body Problem**: We unravel the complexities of the three-body problem in celestial mechanics, a challenging conundrum that has puzzled scientists for centuries. Learn about its historical significance, recent advancements, and how it impacts our understanding of the cosmos. The discussion also touches on the popular Netflix series inspired by this mathematical challenge.- - **SpaceX Falcon 9 Rocket Failure**: SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket experiences a rare mid-flight failure, leading to a grounding order from the Federal Aviation Administration. We examine the details of the incident, its impact on future missions, and the ongoing investigation by SpaceX and federal authorities.- Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.- Sponsor Offer: This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.- Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime:- Become a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/- www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 87, where we delve into the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.**NASA's Parker Solar Probe**: NASA's Parker Solar Probe has just completed its 20th close approach to the Sun, setting a new record as the fastest man-made object ever built. Achieving perihelion at a distance of 7.26 million kilometres from the Sun's surface, the probe travelled at an astonishing 635,266 kilometres per hour. This milestone marks the midpoint of the mission's 20th solar encounter, with more close approaches planned for the future.- **China's Secretive Space Plane**: China's highly secretive reusable space plane has released another mysterious spacecraft into orbit. The experimental spacecraft, named Sheng Long or "Divine Dragon," has been in orbit for nearly 200 days on its third mission. Launched aboard a Long March 2F rocket, the space plane's activities remain shrouded in mystery, with speculation about its sub-satellite designed for proximity and recapture spy manoeuvres.- **Seeing the Universe in Radio Waves**: Back in 2016, the Murchison Widefield Array telescope in Western Australia provided a glimpse of the universe as it would appear if human eyes could see radio waves. The GLEAM survey catalogued around 300,000 galaxies, revealing the remnants of distant star explosions, galaxy collisions, and the activities of supermassive black holes. This groundbreaking research offers invaluable insights into the universe's structure and the physics of distant galaxies.00:00:00 " This is spacetime series 27, episode 87, for broadcast on 19 July 202400:00:46 " NASA's Parker solar probe just completed its 20th close approach to the sun00:05:03 " Large scale radio surveys like Gleam are extremely valuable to scientists00:10:44 " I have student looking for transient m objects in our survey00:16:27 " A new study claims modern dingoes share very little ancestry with other breeds00:18:11 " New research finds people who invest in cryptocurrency more likely to hold fringe viewsFollow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor Offer: This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpnListen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime:Become a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 86, where we explore the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.First, new sophisticated computer models are giving scientists a glimpse inside neutron stars, revealing that these exotic objects might be made of nuclear pasta. Discover how atomic nuclei, protons, and neutrons deform into plates and strings under extreme conditions, providing new insights into the densest objects in the universe, second only to black holes.- Next, the crew aboard the International Space Station captures stunning images of red sprites, ephemeral and little-understood bolts of lightning occurring high above thunderstorm clouds. Learn about the fascinating phenomenon of sprites, blue jets, and elves, and how these transient luminous events are studied from space.- Finally, we delve into the observations of Hurricane Beryl, the first Atlantic hurricane of the 2024 season. With deadly winds and extreme storm surges, Beryl's rapid intensification was monitored by NASA and NOAA satellites, providing crucial data for early warnings and highlighting the ongoing impact of climate change on tropical cyclones.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor Offer:This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime:Become a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.comFor an extra special deal from our sponsor, Malwarebytes - cyber security for everyone, visit www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes. For a very limited time, you get 50% off. You really don't want to miss this. It's one we use and swear by. It just works!

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 85, where we explore the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.- First, a groundbreaking new study suggests that Mars may have always been a cold, icy world, incapable of supporting life as we know it. This research, published in Communications Earth and Environment, challenges the long-held belief that the Red Planet was once warm and wet, potentially hospitable to life. By analysing Martian soils in Gale Crater, scientists found similarities to the cold, subarctic soils of Newfoundland in Canada, raising questions about Mars' ability to support life.- Next, Europe's new Ariane 6 rocket powers into space for the first time. After a decade of development and numerous delays, the Ariane 6 has finally launched, marking a new era for the European Space Agency's heavy-lift capabilities. This maiden flight from the Kourou Spaceport in French Guiana carried 18 satellites, demonstrating the rocket's versatility and potential for increased launch capacity.- Finally, the crew of Boeing's Starliner spacecraft remains aboard the International Space Station, but NASA insists they are not marooned. Despite experiencing thruster malfunctions and helium leaks, the crew is confident in their return home. NASA and Boeing are working diligently to resolve the issues, with a potential return date set for late July.- Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.- Sponsor Offer:This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.- Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime:www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 84, where we delve into the latest cosmic discoveries and space exploration advancements.       - First, new ultra-high-resolution cosmology simulations are shaking up long-held beliefs about how supermassive black holes grow and evolve. These simulations reveal that magnetic fields play a far more significant role than previously thought, propping up and shaping the accretion discs that feed these monstrous objects. Discover how these findings are bridging the gap between large-scale cosmic phenomena and the intricate details of star formation.-- Next, we explore a proposed new NASA flagship mission to study Uranus, one of the solar system's most mysterious ice giants. This mission aims to uncover the secrets behind Uranus' unusual magnetic field, its many moons, and its rings, providing insights left unanswered since the Voyager 2 flybys nearly 50 years ago.- Finally, a Chinese rocket launches unexpectedly during a static engine test, leading to a dramatic explosion. Learn about the mishap and its implications for the commercial space company Space Pioneer.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.comFor an extra special deal from our sponsor, Malwarebytes - cyber security for everyone, visit www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes ....but be quick. For a  very limited time you get 50% off. You really don't want to miss this. It's one we use and swear by. It just works!

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 83, where we explore the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration. First, NASA's Webb Space Telescope has identified luminous, very red objects from the early universe, challenging conventional models of galaxy and supermassive black hole formation. These mysterious objects, dating back to 600-800 million years after the Big Bang, contain ancient stars and massive black holes, suggesting an unexpectedly rapid formation in the young universe. The findings, published in the Astrophysical Journal, reveal that these objects are galaxies more than 13 billion years old, packed with stars and supermassive black holes far larger than those in our Milky Way galaxy. Next, NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft has set a new record with 100,000 orbits around the red planet. This 23-year-old orbiter has been instrumental in mapping Mars' surface, identifying landing sites, and relaying data from rovers and landers. A recent image of Olympus Mons, the tallest volcano in the solar system, offers stunning new insights into the Martian atmosphere, showcasing layers of dust and water ice clouds.Finally, SpaceX has been selected to deorbit and destroy the International Space Station (ISS) in 2030. The ISS, launched in 1998, has provided humanity's first permanent habitation in space. SpaceX will develop a specialised orbital tug to lower the ISS in a controlled re-entry, ensuring most of it burns up in the atmosphere, with remnants splashing down in the remote Point Nemo.Sponsor Offer: This episode is proudly supported by Malwarebytes....online security at it's most effective. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a service you can trust to find and crush all the 'nasties'. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes...and note....for a very limited time you get Malwarebytes for 50% off!Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime: Become a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 82, where we explore the latest cosmic events and groundbreaking discoveries in space exploration.First, a space debris emergency aboard the International Space Station. The crew was ordered to take shelter after ground-based radar detected a large cloud of debris from a disused Russian satellite. The debris was tracked by the new Western Australian space radar station operated by LeoLabs, highlighting the growing problem of space junk and its impact on the ISS.Next, a new study reveals that Mars is hit by meteors on a daily basis. Using seismic data from NASA's Mars InSight lander, scientists have determined that between 280 and 360 meteors strike the Red Planet each year, forming impact craters greater than eight meters across. This discovery offers new insights into Martian impact rates and the planet's geological history.Finally, claims of alien technology discovered on the seafloor near Australia have been dismissed. Harvard astronomer Avi Loeb's controversial expedition retrieved tiny iron spheres, but further analysis showed no evidence of interstellar origin. The scientific community remains skeptical, emphasizing the need for extraordinary evidence to support extraordinary claims.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor Offer:This episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 81, where we delve into the latest discoveries and advancements in space exploration.First, new observations from NASA's Juno spacecraft reveal that Jupiter's volcanic moon Io is covered in lakes of molten lava. These findings, published in Communications Earth and Environments, provide a fuller picture of Io's extensive volcanic activity and offer new insights into the volcanic processes at work on this ancient, violent world. Io, slightly larger than Earth's moon, is the most volcanically active world in our solar system due to the gravitational forces from its neighboring Jovian moons and Jupiter itself. Juno's recent flybys have captured high-resolution infrared images showing bright rings surrounding numerous hotspots, indicating that much of Io's surface is covered in lava lakes with caldera-like features.Next, NASA's Mars Perseverance rover has crossed an ancient Martian riverbed in the Jezero Crater, reaching the Bright Angel geological site earlier than expected. This route provided a treasure trove of geological features, including rocks with diverse textures and compositions. Perseverance's exploration of this ancient river channel offers new clues about Mars' geological history and the processes that shaped its surface.Finally, we examine whether space tourism is healthy. New research published in the Journal of the Frontiers of Physiology warns that wealthy, unhealthy individuals venturing into space may face increased health risks, such as pulmonary edema, due to the effects of microgravity on the heart. The study suggests that future space tourists might need to send a digital twin of themselves into virtual space to test their bodies' responses before embarking on the real journey.July Skywatch: What to look for in the night skies throughtout the the month of July with Sky & Telescopes Jonathan Nally.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordVPN. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a VPN service you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordvpn.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 80, where we uncover the latest cosmic events and advancements in space exploration.First, the European Space Agency reports a rare occurrence of two large asteroids swooping past Earth within 42 hours. One of these, 2024 MK, was only discovered two weeks before its close encounter, highlighting the need for improved detection of potentially hazardous near-Earth objects (NEOs). We delve into the details of these celestial visitors and their implications for planetary defense.Next, we explore the challenges and solutions for sustaining human life on Mars. Scientists at Utah State University are working on a NASA-funded project to develop self-sustainability strategies for future Mars missions. Discover how researchers are optimizing food production and plant-based therapeutics to support long-term habitation on the Red Planet.Finally, we look at how astronauts maintain fitness in microgravity and how similar workouts can be practiced on Earth. Researchers have found innovative ways to recreate Earth-like forces using centrifugal force, providing insights into maintaining physical health during space missions.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor Offer: This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTime: Become a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 79, where we uncover the latest groundbreaking developments in space exploration and astronomy.First, astronomers have discovered ancient star clusters in a galaxy dating back to near the dawn of time. These clusters, detected using gravitational lensing and the powerful near-infrared camera aboard the Webb Space Telescope, represent the earliest evidence of how the first stars and galaxies formed. The findings, published in Nature, suggest these clusters could be the seeds for the very first globular star clusters.Next, China has successfully completed its historic Chang'e-6 mission, returning samples from the far side of the moon. The mission, which targeted the moon's South Pole-Aitken Basin, has brought back 1,935.3 grams of lunar regolith. These samples are expected to provide new insights into the geological differences between the near and far sides of the moon.Finally, Rocket Lab celebrates a milestone with the successful launch of its 50th Electron rocket. This mission, named "No Time to Lose," deployed five satellites for the French Internet of Things company Kineis, marking a significant achievement in the company's rapid evolution.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 78, where we delve into the latest discoveries and missions in the vast expanse of space.First, the European Space Agency's Euclid Space Telescope has discovered seven more rogue planets in the darkness of interstellar space. These gas giants, each with at least four times the mass of Jupiter, were detected in the direction of the Orion Nebula. The study also confirmed the existence of dozens of other previously detected rogue planets, including four binaries. These lonely worlds, flung out of their original star systems, wander unbound through space, presenting a fascinating prospect for future research.Next, mission managers have announced that the European Space Agency's upcoming Hera mission will utilize a Mars flyby next March to study the Martian moon Demos. This maneuver will provide the necessary velocity to reach the Didymos binary asteroid system. Hera, together with cubesats Juventus and Milani, will closely examine the impact of NASA's DART spacecraft on Dimorphos, gathering essential data on its composition and structure.Finally, NASA's Voyager 1 is back, returning science data from all four of its instruments after overcoming a major technical failure. The spacecraft, the most distant man-made object in existence, had lost normal communications but is now once again providing valuable insights into interstellar space.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 77, where we explore the latest cosmic discoveries and advancements in space exploration.First, astronomers have discovered the earliest known pair of quasars in the process of merging. Reported in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, this discovery represents the earliest known merger of supermassive black holes, occurring just 900 million years after the Big Bang. This period, known as the cosmic dawn, is crucial for understanding the formation of the first stars and galaxies and the epoch of reionization.Next, NASA's Mars Perseverance rover has discovered oddly textured, popcorn-like rocks in a formation known as Bright Angel. These rocks suggest the presence of groundwater in Mars' past, and mission managers plan to conduct detailed exploration to uncover their origins.Finally, new insights into the Milky Way's supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*, have been presented at the 244th meeting of the American Astronomical Society. Using decades of x-ray data, astronomers have uncovered previously undetected flares and echoes, providing valuable information about the black hole's environment and past activity.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 76, where we delve into the latest groundbreaking discoveries in planetary science and astronomy.First, scientists have uncovered evidence that fresh water existed on Earth about 4 billion years ago, pushing back the timeframe for the potential emergence of life by 500 million years. This discovery, based on zircon crystal analysis from the Jack Hills formation in Western Australia, challenges the long-held belief that Earth was entirely covered by oceans at that time. The study's findings suggest that fresh water and land masses existed much earlier, setting the stage for life to flourish.Next, new research indicates that the rotation of Earth's inner core has slowed down compared to the planet's surface. This discovery, reported in the journal Nature, shows that the inner core began to decelerate around 2010, moving slower than the Earth's mantle and crust for the first time in decades. The implications of this change are still being explored, but it may ultimately affect the length of the day.Finally, a new study suggests that Earth's encounter with dense interstellar clouds 2 million years ago may have significantly altered the planet's climate. The research, published in Nature Astronomy, posits that these clouds could have compressed the heliosphere, exposing Earth to increased levels of cosmic rays and altering its climatic conditions.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 75, where we explore the latest cosmic events and scientific advancements shaping our understanding of the universe.First, we delve into how Mars lit up during last month's spectacular solar storm. These solar events provided astronomers with unprecedented data, revealing the impact of solar flares and coronal mass ejections on the Red Planet. We discuss the implications for future human missions to Mars and the potential radiation exposure astronauts might face.Next, unexpected differences have been discovered in the thickness of the Milky Way galaxy's disk. New observations reveal that the inner part of the disk is only half as thick as the outer part, challenging our understanding of the galaxy's structure and evolution.Finally, scientists have developed a new atlas dealing with space health, covering the broad-ranging molecular changes and DNA damage experienced during spaceflight. This research is crucial for preparing for long-term lunar and Martian missions.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 74, where we explore the latest cosmic discoveries and advancements in space exploration.First, astronomers have discovered water frost on the solar system's tallest volcanoes, including Olympus Mons on Mars. This groundbreaking find challenges existing ideas about the red planet's climate dynamics and suggests the presence of water frost near the Martian equator for the first time. The study, led by Domus Valentinus, reveals that this frost is incredibly thin, likely only 100th of a millimeter thick, and consists of at least 150,000 tons of water that cycles between the surface and the atmosphere during the cold seasons.Next, we delve into the European Space Agency's Proba-3 mission, which aims to study the sun's outer atmosphere or corona. This innovative mission involves two spacecraft flying in formation to create an artificial solar eclipse, allowing for sustained study of the sun's faint coronal atmosphere. The mission will launch aboard an Indian PSLV rocket from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre and will demonstrate the precise positioning of two orbiting platforms.Finally, Virgin Galactic has successfully completed its final space tourism flight before a two-year pause to upgrade its fleet. The Galactic 7 mission carried two pilots and two passengers to the edge of space, marking the end of operations for VSS Unity. The company will now focus on developing its next-generation Delta-class space planes, which are expected to enter commercial operations in 2026.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 73, where we delve into the latest cosmic discoveries and advancements shaping our understanding of the universe.First, astronomers have developed a new theory of dark matter to explain the mysterious dwarf galaxy Crater 2. Despite its proximity at 383,000 light-years from Earth and its large size—making it the fourth largest satellite galaxy orbiting the Milky Way—Crater 2 has a surprisingly low surface brightness and velocity dispersion. This has led scientists to propose the self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) theory, which may better account for the galaxy's unusual properties.Next, new research dismisses the idea of a lake under the Martian south polar ice cap. Instead, it suggests that the bright radar reflections previously interpreted as liquid water are likely due to resolution interference between radio waves. This finding, based on computer simulations, challenges the notion of subsurface liquid water on Mars.Finally, we highlight the development of a new daytime optical telescope, the Huntsman, which allows astronomers to observe celestial objects even when the sun is high overhead. This groundbreaking instrument, located at Siding Spring Observatory, uses an array of camera lenses designed for ultra-sensitive night sky observations but can also accurately measure stars and satellites during daylight.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.For more sponsor offers visit: https://www.bitesz.com/sponsors/Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 72, where we uncover the latest cosmic discoveries and scientific advancements.First, astronomers have discovered that a tiny moonlet orbiting the main belt asteroid Dinkinesh is actually two little moons melded together. Known as contact binaries, these moonlets could provide fresh insights into the complex processes behind planetary formation and evolution. We delve into the details of this fascinating discovery made by NASA's Lucy spacecraft.Next, we discuss the possibility of an underground ocean on Saturn's moon Mimas. Scientists speculate that as Mimas's orbital eccentricity decreased, its icy shell may have melted and thinned, leading to the formation of a subsurface ocean. This finding could have significant implications for our understanding of the Saturnian system.Finally, we highlight NASA's launch of its second pre-fire satellite into orbit aboard Rocket Lab's Electron rocket. These satellites are designed to study how much heat the Arctic and Antarctic are radiating out into space and how that's influencing global climates. We explore the mission's objectives and potential impact on climate science.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 71, where we delve into the latest cosmic events and technological advancements reshaping our understanding of the universe.First, we discuss NASA's announcement that the Hubble Space Telescope will begin winding back its science programme due to ongoing issues with its gyroscopes. This decision marks a significant transition for the historic observatory, which has revolutionised astronomical discovery since its launch in 1990.Next, we cover the long-awaited launch of Boeing's Starliner, which has finally taken a crew to the International Space Station. This milestone paves the way for Starliner to join SpaceX's Dragon in transporting crews to the orbiting outpost under NASA's commercial crew programme.Finally, we highlight NASA's OSIRIS Apex spacecraft's survival after a close encounter with the sun. This mission is essential for its upcoming rendezvous with the asteroid Apophis in 2029.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime:If you'd like to support SpaceTime and access early release episodes, commercial-free...then look for us on Patreon or Supercast. Links on our website at spacetimewithstuart.comhttps://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 70, where we delve into the latest cosmic events and groundbreaking discoveries shaping our understanding of the universe.First, we explore SpaceX's Starship, the world's largest and most powerful rocket, which has successfully completed its fourth test flight. This historic mission is a significant step towards developing a colonial transport ship capable of carrying 100 people or 150 tonnes of supplies to the moon, Mars, and beyond. We dive into the details of the launch, the hot staging manoeuvre, and the successful splashdown.Next, we discuss China's latest lunar lander, which has successfully touched down on the far side of the moon. This mission aims to collect samples from the lunar South Pole's Aitken basin, providing valuable insights into the moon's formation and evolution.Finally, we highlight the arrival of three new Australian-built satellites in Japan, destined for launch to the International Space Station. These satellites are part of Curtin University's Binar space programme and represent a significant milestone in Western Australia's space journey.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 69, where we uncover the latest cosmic revelations and scientific advancements.First, we delve into a groundbreaking discovery by the Webb Space Telescope, which has identified the most distant galaxy ever observed. Located a staggering 290 million years after the Big Bang, this galaxy offers unprecedented insights into the universe's infancy and the formation of its earliest stars and galaxies. We explore the methods and implications of this discovery, including the galaxy's surprising brightness and the presence of dust and ionized gas.Next, we discuss the announcement of a massive new collection of exoplanet discoveries. NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has confirmed 120 new exoplanets and identified six new candidates, bringing the total number of known exoplanets to over 6000. These findings offer a rich database for studying planetary properties and environments, particularly those that may harbor life.Finally, we highlight new X-ray observations from NASA's Chandra X-ray Telescope, revealing dramatic changes in two famous supernova remnants: the Crab Nebula and Cassiopeia A. These observations provide stunning visualizations and valuable data on the dynamic processes occurring in these remnants.Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 68, where we explore the latest cosmic discoveries and technological advancements shaping our understanding of the universe.First, we uncover new evidence suggesting that Venus is volcanically active. By analysing data from NASA's Magellan radar, scientists have identified two volcanoes on Venus that erupted in the early 1990s. This discovery adds to the growing body of evidence that Venus may be far more volcanically active than previously thought.Next, we discuss the discovery of a new kind of volcanic eruption on Earth. Researchers have identified a unique eruption mechanism at Hawaii's Kilauea volcano, describing it as a "stomp rocket" eruption driven by sudden pressure increases as the ground collapses.Finally, we look forward to the maiden flight of the European Space Agency's new Ariane 6 rocket, now slated for next month. This launch marks a significant milestone in Europe's space exploration capabilities.00:00 This is spacetime series 27, episode 68 for broadcast on 5 June 202400:45 Two volcanoes on Venus appear to have erupted in the early 1990s05:40 Venus is often considered to be earths sister planet with runaway greenhouse effect09:47 Scientists say Kilauea volcano erupted like a stomp rocket in 201814:05 The maiden flight of the European Space Agency's new Ariane six rocket now likely19:19 The upper and main stages of the Ariane six flight model have arrived22:03 New study says vaccines for bird flu are best defence if virus spreads between humans24:03 Study finds popular teens sleep 27 minutes less per night than their peers25:57 There are growing concerns about inaccurate information coming out of artificial intelligence programmes26:41 Google's AI overviews are giving very strange information based on Reddit posts27:45 Sam Altman has rushed to form a new AI safety team31:03 Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime:If you'd like to support SpaceTime and access early release episodes, commercial-free...then look for us on Patreon or Supercast. Links on our website at spacetimewithstuart.com https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 67, where we delve into the latest cosmic events and groundbreaking discoveries shaping our understanding of the universe.First, we discuss the return of last month's powerful solar storms. The active sunspot region AR 364, now renumbered as AR 3697, has reappeared, bringing with it more geomagnetic storms and spectacular solar flares. We explore the intricate dynamics of solar flares and coronal mass ejections, and their profound impacts on Earth's technology and atmospheric phenomena.Next, we look forward to the upcoming test flight of the world's largest and most powerful rocket, SpaceX's Starship, scheduled for June 5. This mission is crucial for NASA's Artemis III plans to return humans to the lunar surface by 2026. We delve into the details of the mission and the technological advancements that make Starship a cornerstone for future space exploration.Finally, we uncover archaeological evidence proving that ancient Britons constructed standing stone monuments with astronomical alignments. The research highlights how these structures were intricately connected with the movements of the sun and moon, offering insights into the sophisticated astronomical knowledge of our ancestors.00:00 This is spacetime series 27, episode 67, for broadcast on 3 June 202400:25 Active region AR 364 has returned after disappearing two weeks ago05:10 SpaceX says Starship, world's largest and most powerful rocket, likely on June 508:07 Scientists say ancient British standing stones were aligned with astronomical movements18:12 Standing stones in Britain allow you to view sun and moon from very specific perspectives23:02 New study shows Covid-19 vaccines still effective against hospitalization and death33:30 Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting platformsFollow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 66, where we delve into the latest cosmic discoveries and technological challenges shaping our understanding of the universe.First, we explore a glitch aboard the BepiColombo spacecraft bound for Mercury. The joint ESA-JAXA mission faced a sudden issue with its thrusters, impacting its journey towards the innermost planet. Despite the setback, mission control has restored 90% of the spacecraft's thrust capabilities, ensuring BepiColombo's arrival at Mercury for its next gravity assist.Next, we turn our attention to Venus, where BepiColombo's fleeting visit has unveiled surprising insights into the planet's atmosphere. Observations reveal that carbon and oxygen ions are escaping Venus's upper layers at speeds sufficient to overcome the planet's gravity, offering new clues about atmospheric loss mechanisms.Finally, we discuss new evidence explaining the mysterious phenomenon of stars that suddenly vanish without the usual supernova explosion. This complete stellar collapse turns massive stars directly into black holes, providing fresh perspectives on stellar evolution.00:00 This is Spacetime series 27, episode 66, for broadcast on 31 May 202401:00 A glitch aboard the BepiColombo spacecraft bound for Mercury12:30 Exploring the unexplored regions of Venus24:15 An explanation for stars that mysteriously suddenly vanish35:00 Skywatch: The June solstice, the spectacular Sombrero Galaxy, and the Taurus meteor showerFollow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/ www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 65, where we uncover the latest cosmic revelations and scientific advancements.First, we delve into the intriguing new features discovered in high-resolution images of Jupiter's icy moon Europa. Captured by NASA's Juno spacecraft, these images reveal signs of plume activity and ice shell disruption, providing clues about the moon's subsurface ocean and its potential to support life.Next, we explore a groundbreaking model explaining the formation of free-floating planets. Recent findings suggest that gravitational perturbations in dense star clusters could eject giant planets, leading them to orbit each other as they drift through interstellar space.Finally, we report on NASA's Perseverance rover, which has collected its 24th rock sample on Mars. This new sample, rich in carbonate and silica, holds promise for understanding the Red Planet's ancient habitability and potential signs of past life.00:00 This is SpaceTime Series 27, Episode 65, for broadcast on 29 May 202400:44 New features discovered in high-resolution images of Jupiter's icy moon Europa09:18 A new model to explain the formation of free-floating planets16:09 NASA's Perseverance rover collects its 24th rock sample on Mars18:28 A new study warns that fish oil supplements have been associated with a 13% increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation26:05 SpaceTime is available every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday through various podcast providersSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/. Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music, or wherever you get your podcasts.Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/www.bitesz.com

Join us for SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 64, where we delve into the latest cosmic discoveries and technological advancements shaping our understanding of the universe.First, we explore new research uncovering the origins of sunspots and their formation closer to the Sun's surface than previously thought. Scientists are now examining the complex interactions of magnetic fields and plasma within the Sun, providing fresh insights into the solar dynamo that drives these phenomena.Next, we turn our attention to Mars, as NASA and ESA announce a groundbreaking joint mission set to launch in 2028. This mission will utilise the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover, equipped with advanced instruments to drill deep beneath the Martian surface in search of signs of life, potentially rewriting our understanding of the Red Planet's habitability.Finally, we discuss innovative solutions in the battle against space junk. From hunter-killer satellites equipped with plasma guns to ground-based laser systems, scientists are developing new technologies to tackle the growing problem of space debris, ensuring safer orbits for future missions.00:00">This is Spacetime series 27, episode 64, for broadcast on 27 May 202400:44">The spectacular solar storms may have originated closer to the sun's surface09:18">Hundreds of disused and damaged spacecraft and bits of space debris orbiting Earth16:09">Scientists are looking at ways to track space junk to save propellant18:28">A new study claims Australians are following misleading health and wellness advice on TikTok26:05">Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcast providersSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/. Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favourite podcast app including Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube Music or wherever you get your podcasts..Support SpaceTimeBecome a supporter of SpaceTime: https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/ www.bitesz.com

Venture into the cosmic depths with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 63, where we unearth some of the universe's most ancient stars hiding in the halo of our very own Milky Way. These celestial elders, dubbed SAS stars, are remnants from a time when galaxies were just beginning to coalesce, offering a unique window into the universe's formative years. With their discovery, we edge closer to unraveling the mysteries of galaxy formation and the evolution of the cosmos.Next, we embark on a journey alongside Europe's JUICE spacecraft, now one year into its monumental eight-year voyage to the icy moons of Jupiter. This mission promises to probe the potential habitable environments beneath the moons' frozen crusts and could redefine our search for extraterrestrial life within our solar system.Finally, we witness Russia flexing its spacefaring muscles with the test launch of the new heavy-lift Angara A-5 rocket, aiming to usher in a new era for Russian space exploration and retire the venerable Proton rockets.Join us on SpaceTime with Stuart Gary for a cosmic exploration that spans from our galactic neighborhood to the far reaches of the Jovian system, and beyond.(00:00) This is spacetime series 27, episode 63. (00:46) Astronomers have discovered three of the oldest stars in the universe(05:25) The Jupiter icy moons explorer, or juice spacecraft, celebrated its first year in space(11:15) The Kremlin have undertaken a successful test launch of their new Angara a five rocket(12:41) Up to 246 million older adults could be exposed to dangerous acute heat by 2050(15:11) There's been another Bigfoot sighting in Manchester, EnglandSupport:Tune into SpaceTime with Stuart Gary, available on your favorite podcast app, and follow our journey through the stars on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.This episode is proudly supported by our patrons who help keep the show going. Become a supporter and access ad-free episodes. Details at https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/support/Sponsor:This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comhttps://www.patreon.com/spacetimewithstuartgary

Set sail through the cosmic seas with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 62, as we chart a course to a newly discovered Earth-sized exoplanet orbiting an ultra-cool red dwarf star just a stone's throw away in the galactic neighborhood. The discovery of Speculos-3b, a mere 55 light-years from Earth, stirs intrigue with its eternal days and nights due to likely tidal locking, offering a unique glimpse into the conditions of potentially habitable worlds around the most common stellar inhabitants of our galaxy.We then drift to the Milky Way's outskirts, where a stellar slow lane has been uncovered, challenging assumptions about the mass and dark matter content at the heart of our galactic home. This revelation, derived from Gaia and APOGEE data, suggests a lighter core and less dark matter than previously believed, sending ripples through our understanding of the cosmos.Our voyage continues as we seek to uncover dark matter's elusive influence on stellar streams with the help of the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory. This bastion of observation promises to shed light on the ghostly gravitational effects of dark matter on these celestial ribbons, offering a new perspective on the most dominant yet unseen force in the universe.Join us on SpaceTime with Stuart Gary for a journey into these cosmic curiosities and more, as we navigate the mysteries of space and the wonders it holds.(00:00) This is spacetime series 27, episode 62, for broadcast 22 May 2024(00:46) Astronomers have discovered a new Earth sized planet orbiting an ultracool red dwarf(04:24) The Milky Way's gravitational core may contain less dark matter than previously thought(10:26) The Vera C. Rubin Observatory may well hold the answers to what dark matter is(15:46) Heat waves during the four hottest months of the year lead to 150,000 deaths(19:29) Chat GPT launched GPT four omni last weekSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our cosmic conversations on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.Sponsor OfferThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on X @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on a celestial odyssey with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 61, where we witness the Sun unleash its most powerful solar flare in nearly two decades, sparking a series of geomagnetic storms that dazzled the skies with extraordinary auroras. The flare, an enormous X8.7 class eruption, marked the pinnacle of a week of solar ferocity, with the Earth enduring a bombardment that produced northern and southern lights visible far beyond their usual latitudes.We then delve into the mysteries of Earth's magnetotail, where NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission has observed unusual substorms that could reshape our understanding of magnetic reconnection and its role in auroral phenomena.Finally, we plunge into the depths of the sea with China's construction of the deep-sea neutrino telescope, TRIDENT, designed to scan the cosmos for neutrinos and unlock the secrets of cosmic rays and the extreme universe.Join us on SpaceTime with Stuart Gary for an exploration of these awe-inspiring events and more, as we traverse the vastness of space and the wonders it holds.(00:00) This is spacetime series 27, episode 61, for broadcast on 20 May 2024(00:43) The sun has produced its biggest solar flare in nearly two decades(10:28) NASA scientists have detected an unusual event in Earth's magnetotail(21:35) The south pole neutrino detector uses liquid water rather than solid ice(28:39) Supernova is basically a neutrino explosion that has this tiny optical signature(33:00) New observations confirm that April 2024 was the hottest month on record(35:43) A new study claims males with low testosterone may have an increased risk of dying prematurely(37:03) Shroud of Turin supposedly shows Jesus after crucifixion(42:25) Tim Mendham: crucifixion was fairly common in those daysSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our cosmic conversations on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Journey through the cosmic tapestry with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 60, where we unearth the echoes of creation by discovering one of the most ancient stars ever seen in another galaxy. This remarkable find could lead us to the elusive first generation of stars that illuminated the universe from darkness to the dawn of clarity. These celestial ancestors, born from the pure elements of the Big Bang, were behemoths that lived fast and died young, leaving behind the building blocks of everything we know.The episode then shifts focus to the Hubble Space Telescope's latest challenge, as it enters safe mode due to a gyroscope glitch. Despite the setback, the iconic observatory's legacy of over three decades of celestial observations remains unshaken as NASA seeks a solution.Next, we launch into the story of Snoopy, a CubeSat deployed from the International Space Station. This six-unit CubeSat embarks on a mission to measure soil moisture and improve agricultural yields by harnessing signals from commercial satellites.For an exploration of these cosmic milestones and more, tune into SpaceTime with Stuart Gary. Join us as we navigate the universe's past, present, and future, revealing the wonders that lie beyond the night sky.(00:00) NASA's Hubble space telescope goes offline following a gyroscope issue(00:43) Astronomers have discovered one of the most ancient stars ever seen in another galaxy(06:49) NASAS Hubble Space Telescope enters safe mode due to gyroscopic issue(09:09) A new CubeSat called Snoopy has been launched from the ISS(13:41) Long term daily use of aspirin could help slow and even prevent colorectal cancer(20:09) Some people have been comparing this festival to the Wicker man filmSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our cosmic conversations on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on an interplanetary journey with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 59, where we unravel the enigmatic atmosphere of Venus and its waterless environment. Discover the startling new study that suggests Venus lost its water reserves to space, leaving it with a mere fraction of Earth's water despite their similar origins. The episode dives into the complex chemical reactions in Venus's atmosphere that may have turned a once Earth-like planet into a scorching, inhospitable world.Next, we explore the innovative ideas NASA is considering for future lunar logistics, including a magnetic railroad system designed to transport materials across the Moon's surface. This system could revolutionize the way we build and sustain lunar bases, pushing the boundaries of off-world construction and resource utilization.The episode then shifts to the launch of a cutting-edge satellite from the International Space Station. This new eye in the sky aims to provide early warnings of volcanic eruptions by detecting trace gases, a game-changer for disaster preparedness and environmental monitoring.Join us as we delve into these cosmic developments and more, including the implications of AI biases and the latest in tech from Apple.Tune into SpaceTime with Stuart Gary for a deep dive into the latest astronomical insights and technological advancements.(00:00) This is spacetime series 27, episode 59, for broadcast on 15 May 2024(00:42) Study claims Venus loses twice as much water every day through dissociative recombination(06:16) NASA is looking at building a railway on the moon to transport freight(16:23) Ultra processed junk foods associated with higher risk of premature death, study finds(18:52) Apple has formally released its new Apple Air and Apple Pro iPads(24:15) Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple podcastsSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our cosmic conversations on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on a cosmic expedition with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 58, where we delve into the mysteries of Earth’s ancient magnetic field and its role in the diversification of life. Join us as we explore a pivotal period over half a billion years ago when a weakening magnetic shield may have paved the way for a dramatic increase in atmospheric oxygen, fostering the rise of complex organisms and setting the stage for human evolution.The episode then accelerates into the realm of supermassive black holes, whose voracious energy output is revealed to be even more influential than once thought. With the help of the Webb Space Telescope, scientists uncover the hidden power of black holes to rapidly quench star formation, effectively turning vibrant galaxies into cosmic graveyards.Finally, we witness the ambitious ascent of China’s Chang'e 6 lunar sample return mission, aiming to harvest the first-ever samples from the far side of the Moon. This daring venture could provide unprecedented insights into the Moon's enigmatic history and even propel China to the forefront of Martian soil retrieval.For a journey through these profound astronomical discoveries, tune into SpaceTime with Stuart Gary. Traverse the celestial currents and uncover the secrets of the universe, one episode at a time.(00:00) This is spacetime series 27, episode 58, for broadcast on 13 May 2024(00:49) A reduction in Earth's magnetic field may have triggered diversification(04:11) New study shows supermassive black holes can shut off star formation in big galaxies(15:32) China has successfully launched its Changi six sample return mission(19:29) A new study claims consuming olive oil reduces dementia risk in women(23:44) The Westall UFO incident took place in 1966 near Melbourne's Westall school(30:01) Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting platformsSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our cosmic conversations on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on a celestial odyssey with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 57, where we unravel the rapid evolution of spiral galaxies.Our cosmic journey begins over 10 billion years ago, as new observations from the Webb Space Telescope reveal the early formation of star bars. These stellar structures, pivotal in the maturation of galaxies, were once thought to emerge in a chaotic young universe. Yet, they now appear to have developed far sooner, indicating a surprisingly orderly galactic evolution.The episode takes an unexpected turn as we delve into the moon's dramatic geological past. Discover how our lunar companion turned itself inside out, reshaping its surface with titanium-rich lava flows. The tale unfolds through a blend of computer simulations and spacecraft observations, shedding light on the moon's enigmatic lopsided geology.As we return to Earth, we witness the changing of the guard aboard China's Tiangong space station. The Shenzhou 17 crew's safe return after six months in orbit paves the way for the Shenzhou 18 team to continue exploring the frontiers of science in microgravity, including the intriguing endeavor of raising fish in the void.Concluding our cosmic survey, we gaze upon the night sky's wonders in the May edition of Skywatch. Marvel at the constellation Scorpius, the radiant Antares, and the Eta Aquarids meteor shower—a celestial spectacle born from the remnants of Halley's Comet.For a comprehensive voyage through these astronomical discoveries, visit https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Immerse yourself in the wonders of the universe with SpaceTime.This episode is brought to you by NordPass. Secure your digital life as you traverse the vast expanse of space with a password manager you can trust. Visit www.bitesz.com/nordpass to learn more.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the cosmos, one episode at a time.(00:00) New observations show galaxies evolved much faster than previously thought(00:43) New study suggests early galaxies evolved much faster than previously thought(12:46) In greek mythology, the constellation was named after Scorpius(23:39) Short period comet will make its next close up appearance in 2061(26:21) It's actually a good time for stargazing this time of the year(29:20) Many stars in the night sky are multiple stars, right(31:11) During mid evening, the constellation Scorpius will poke its nose up over the horizon(32:40) Jupiter is too close to the sun to be seen this month(33:59) Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple podcastsThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Safeguard your digital journey across the infinite expanse with a password manager you can count on. Secure your celestial navigation at www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Tune into SpaceTime on your preferred podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a patron for exclusive access to ad-free episodes and special content: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on an interstellar odyssey with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 56, where we delve into the enigmatic geysers of Saturn's icy moon Enceladus. Unravel the mystery behind these spectacular jets as new research draws parallels with Earth's own San Andreas Fault, suggesting a strike-slip motion akin to our tectonic shifts may be powering these icy eruptions. Discover how this celestial phenomenon could hold the keys to conditions ripe for life beneath Enceladus's frozen crust.The episode then shifts to the dusty red plains of Mars, where NASA scientists brace for the onslaught of solar storms as our Sun approaches its fiery peak. Learn how the absence of a protective magnetic field on Mars presents a unique opportunity to observe the effects of solar radiation on the Martian surface and the implications for future human explorers.In an unexpected twist, we recount the tale of space junk from the International Space Station making an unwelcome visit to a Florida home, reminding us of the ever-present dance between our orbital endeavors and the pull of Earth's gravity.Join us as we navigate these cosmic currents and more, including the potential impact of solar and dust storms on Mars's ancient watery past and the measures being taken to protect future missions from the Sun's wrath.For a voyage through the latest in space exploration and the intricacies of our solar system, tune into SpaceTime with Stuart Gary. Navigate the celestial highways with us and become part of a journey that transcends our earthly bounds.Support the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our cosmic conversations on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.(00:00) Stuart Garry brings you the latest in spacetime series 27(00:46) New study suggests tiger stripes on Enceladus may control geyser activity(06:45) NASA scientists studying how solar storms and radiation will affect Mars in the future(14:08) Scientists confirm that space junk slammed into a Florida home last month(16:13) New research warns that older adults who lose sense of smell may lose mobility faster(19:08) Apple is expected to announce its new iPads this week with M four chips(21:06) Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple PodcastsThis episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

The Space, Astronomy and Science Podcast. SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 55 *New findings point to an Earth-like environment on ancient Mars A new study using data from NASA’s Mars curiosity rover suggests there was once an Earth-like environment on ancient Mars. *Could purple be the new green in search for alien life A new study suggests that life on other planets with different atmospheres and orbiting different types of stars wouldn’t display Earth like forests of green. *HyImpulse’s SR75 rocket blasts off Germany’s HyImpulse has successfully launched its SR75 sounding rocket on a test flight from Southern Launch’s Koonibba Test Range west of Ceduna on South Australia’s west coast. *The Science Report Being vegetarian is linked to a much slower progression of prostate cancer. A new way of cleaning up per-and poly-Fluro-alkyls – the so called forever chemicals. Why do people prefer their alcoholic beverages cold. Skeptics guide to when psychics say the Russian invasion of Ukraine will end. https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com  https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/   This week’s guests include: Lígia Fonseca Coelho from Cornell university Associate professor Lisa Kaltenegger from Cornell University Shannon Curry from the University of Colorado boulder and principal scientist for NASA’s Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft MAVEN   And our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics Jonathan Nally from Sky and Telescope Magazine   🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordPass deal here ➼ https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass . The discount is incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌   Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link:  https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ Additionally, listeners can support the podcast and gain access to bonus content by becoming a SpaceTime crew member through www.bitesz.supercast.com or through premium versions on Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Details on our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.comFor yur daily dose of Space and Astronomy News, check out Astronomy Daily the Podcast. Available wherever you get podcasts. Or listen and get details from our website at www.astronomydaily.ioBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Dive into the cosmic depths with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 54, where we journey back 3.7 billion years to uncover the oldest evidence of Earth's magnetic field. Join us as we explore pristine ancient rocks from Greenland, revealing a magnetic strength similar to today's, and potentially extending the known age of our planet's protective shield by hundreds of millions of years. This discovery could illuminate the early conditions that fostered life on Earth and the enduring power source behind our magnetic field.The volcanic spectacle continues as we venture to Jupiter's moon Io, unveiling that it has been a hotbed of volcanic activity for its entire 4.57 billion-year existence. The sulfur and chlorine isotopes in Io's atmosphere, analyzed through the Alma radio telescope, attest to a history of relentless eruptions powered by Jupiter's immense gravitational pull.Witness the marvels of the solar corona as we recap the scientific endeavors during the recent solar eclipse that graced North America. From sounding rockets to high-altitude jets, scientists harnessed this celestial event to probe the enigmatic corona, seeking to solve the mystery of its intense heat and its role in geomagnetic storms that affect our increasingly tech-dependent world.And in a turn towards Earthly concerns, we discuss the unsettling findings that nearly half of China's major coastal cities are sinking, posing a threat to millions.For a comprehensive voyage through these astronomical discoveries and terrestrial challenges, visit https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Immerse yourself in the wonders of the universe with SpaceTime.This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Safeguard your digital journey across the infinite expanse with a password manager you can count on. Secure your celestial navigation at www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Tune into SpaceTime on your preferred podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a patron for exclusive access to ad-free episodes and special content: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on an interplanetary investigation with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 53, as we delve into the perplexing presence of methane on Mars. The red planet's mysterious emissions have puzzled scientists for years, with seasonal spikes and unpredictable behavior sparking debates on their origin. Could biological activity be the source, or are geological interactions to blame? Join us as we explore a new hypothesis that suggests Mars' own soil could be sealing and sporadically releasing this elusive gas, adding another layer to the Martian enigma.The episode ascends further into the Jovian system with an up-close encounter of the volcanic moon Io, courtesy of NASA's Juno spacecraft. Marvel at the newly discovered jagged mountain spires and tranquil lava lakes that adorn this tumultuous celestial body, revealing a landscape both violent and serene.But it's not all smooth sailing in the cosmos. We report on the unexpected hiccup faced by NASA's planet-hunting satellite TESS, which has entered safe mode, suspending its quest for new worlds beyond our solar system. What caused this sudden shutdown, and what does it mean for the future of exoplanet discovery?Plus, don't miss our Science Report, where we unearth a connection between a form of rheumatoid arthritis and gene mutations linked to blood cancer, and discuss the climatic shifts allowing tropical fish to venture into temperate Australian waters.For the full cosmic journey, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Discover the universe's wonders with us on SpaceTime.This episode is brought to you by NordPass. Navigate the digital universe with confidence using a password manager you can trust. Secure your cosmic exploration at www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.(00:00) This is spacetime series 27, episode 53, for broadcast on 1 May 2024(00:47) New study may help explain why scientists are continuing to detect methane on Mars(08:55) NASA's Juno spacecraft has studied the volcanic moon IO during two flybys(15:45) Climate change is helping tropical fish species invade temperate Australian waters(17:24) Google AI chatbot Baird apparently hallucinated, citing a research paper that doesn't exist(19:11) Ohio based company has invented the first ever flamethrower wielding robot dogs(21:43) Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcast providers

Dive into the cosmos with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 52, as we traverse the stellar seas to discover a groundbreaking revelation: stardust from a supernova, harboring secrets from a newly identified type of star. An extraordinary find in an ancient meteorite has led scientists to a hydrogen-burning supernova, a stellar phenomenon only recently recognized by astronomers. This episode sheds light on how a tiny particle, a relic from a star that perished before our solar system's birth, is providing invaluable insights into the cosmos' intricate workings.The voyage of discovery doesn't end there. Rejoice in NASA's triumph as the venerable Voyager 1 spacecraft reestablishes contact after months of silence, sending clear data across the vast expanse from the very edge of interstellar space. The episode also celebrates the successful ascent of New Zealand's Electron rocket, which lofted NASA's innovative solar sail satellite, set to harness the gentle push of sunlight for propulsion.Join us as we delve into these celestial tales and more, including the profound implications of presolar grains on our understanding of the universe, the dynamic environments that shape star and planet formation, and the technological marvels that continue to expand humanity's reach into the void.For a journey through time and space that captivates and educates, tune in to SpaceTime with Stuart Gary. Embrace the enigma of the stars and become part of a community that looks beyond our world to the wonders that await.Support the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our interstellar conversations on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the fabric of the universe, one episode at a time.This episode is brought to you by NordPass. As you navigate the celestial pathways, secure your digital life with a password manager you can trust. Visit www.bitesz.com/nordpass for a special offer.For more space news, listen to Astronomy Daily the Podcast, available wherever you get your podcasts, or stream from www.astronomydaily.io.This week’s guests include: Phil Bland, from Curtin’s School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Amir Caspi from the Southwest Research Institute in San Antinio Texas   And our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics   🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordPass deal here ➼ https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass . The discount is incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌   Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link:  https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ Additionally, listeners can support the podcast and gain access to bonus content by becoming a SpaceTime crew member through www.bitesz.supercast.com or through premium versions on Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Details on our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on a celestial journey with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 51, as we unravel the mysteries of Pluto's heart. Scientists, armed with sophisticated computer simulations, have finally pieced together the enigmatic origins of the dwarf planet's heart-shaped feature, Sputnik Planitia. This episode delves into the colossal impact that sculpted Pluto's icy facade, challenging previous assumptions about its internal structure and the existence of a subsurface ocean.The cosmic surprises continue as we delve into the perplexing absence of gamma rays from a recent supernova explosion in the Pinwheel Galaxy. SN 2023 IXF's silent gamma-ray profile has left astronomers scratching their heads, prompting a reevaluation of the role supernovae play in accelerating cosmic rays to near-light speeds.Witness the end of an era with the final launch of a Delta rocket, a titan of the space industry for over six decades. The Delta IV Heavy's last ascent, carrying a classified payload for the National Reconnaissance Office, marks a historic milestone and paves the way for the next generation of launch vehicles.And in our Science Report, we explore the alarming rise in global obesity rates, the benefits of resistant starch in diets, the development of an automated toilet flushing device to combat bathroom bacteria, and a curious survey on the belief in angels.For an in-depth exploration of these cosmic conundrums and technological triumphs, visit https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and become a patron for exclusive access to commercial-free episodes and special content at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Embrace the wonders of the universe with SpaceTime.This episode is brought to you by NordPass. Secure your digital life as you navigate the vastness of the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Visit www.bitesz.com/nordpass for a special offer.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.This episode is brought to you by NordPass, the password manager we use to keep us sane online....and you should too. To check out our very special offer, visit www.bitesz.com/nordpassFor your daily dose of Space News, check out Astronomy Daily the Podcast, available wherever you get podcasts or stream from www.astronomydaily.io Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Venture into the unknown with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 50, as we embark on an interplanetary adventure that transcends the boundaries of our earthly skies. NASA confirms its bold mission to dispatch a pioneering rotocopter to the enigmatic Saturnian moon, Titan. The Dragonfly mission is set to soar through Titan's dense atmosphere, exploring its organically rich landscapes in search of prebiotic chemical processes that mirror the early Earth. With a launch date set for July 2028 and a budget of $3.35 billion, Dragonfly promises to revolutionize our understanding of this distant, methane-drenched world.As we bid a heartfelt farewell to the Mars Ingenuity helicopter, we celebrate its unprecedented achievements on the Red Planet. Despite a hard landing ending its aerial escapades, Ingenuity's legacy endures as it transitions to a stationary science platform, continuing to collect invaluable data for future Martian exploration.Amidst escalating global tensions, South Korea asserts its space prowess with the launch of a new spy satellite, keeping a vigilant eye on its northern neighbor. This strategic move marks a significant step in the intensifying space race on the Korean Peninsula, as nations jockey for celestial dominance and surveillance capabilities.Join us as we also delve into the Science Report, confronting the harsh realities of climate change with another bleaching event on the Great Barrier Reef and examining the global hotspots of cybercrime. Plus, we'll explore the latest in technology, from AI-enhanced chips to the ongoing evolution of smartphone supremacy.For the full cosmic journey, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Discover the universe's wonders with us on SpaceTime.This week's episode is brought to you by NordPass. Navigate the digital universe with confidence using a password manager you can trust. Secure your cosmic exploration at www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.This episode is brought to you with the support of NordPass....the password manger we use and the one need to have in your life to make onlne easier. Check out our great offer by visiting www.bitesz.com/nordpass

Prepare for a cosmic revelation in SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 49, as we journey through the Milky Way to uncover a celestial heavyweight—the most massive stellar black hole ever discovered in our galaxy. Detected by the vigilant eyes of the European Space Agency's Gaia mission, this black hole, known as Gaia BH3, imposes a peculiar wobble on its companion star, betraying its presence. Weighing in at a colossal 33 solar masses and residing a mere 2,000 light-years away in the constellation Aquila, BH3 redefines our understanding of stellar remnants and the mysterious dance of gravity and mass that shapes them.Then, we take a detour through the evolutionary tracks of white dwarf stars, which have long been the cooling embers of the cosmic campfire. Recent observations from Gaia have spotted a group of these stellar corpses defying the natural order, mysteriously ceasing to cool. This perplexing behavior is challenging astronomers to rethink the very nature of these ancient stars, which may not be the reliable cosmic clocks once thought.We'll also explore the technological advancements propelling humanity's reach into the cosmos with the development of a new, more capacious Cygnus cargo ship. Set to enhance supply missions to the International Space Station, this vessel promises to double the payload space and carry up to five tonnes of cargo, marking a significant leap forward in our orbital endeavors.And in our Science Report, we celebrate the end of the 2023-24 El Niño weather pattern, but with a watchful eye on the horizon for a potential return to La Niña conditions. Plus, we delve into the health risks of sugary and artificially sweetened drinks, the discovery of a jaw-droppingly large marine reptile, and the curious case of an extensive paranormal archive that sparks more questions than answers.For the full cosmic journey, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Discover the universe's wonders with us on SpaceTime.This week's episode is brought to you by NordPass. Navigate the digital universe with confidence using a password manager you can trust. Secure your cosmic exploration at www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on X (Twitter) @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Embark on an astronomical odyssey with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 48, as we unveil the most detailed view of the expanding universe to date. The first-year data from DESI, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey, is in, and it's changing the cosmic game. This groundbreaking five-year study is mapping the universe in 3D, charting the enigmatic influence of dark energy over time. Will the universe meet a chilling big freeze, or will dark energy's relentless acceleration lead to a catastrophic big rip? With precision better than 1%, DESI's data is painting a complex picture of our cosmic destiny.Then, join us in celebrating a celestial milestone as the Solar Observatory spacecraft SOHO captures its 5000th comet. SOHO's unexpected role as a prolific comet hunter has deepened our understanding of these enigmatic sun-grazers, offering insights into the sun's atmosphere and the large-scale structure of comets.Plus, we follow the Soyuz MS-24 capsule's return to Earth, bringing home a NASA astronaut and the first Belarusian cosmonaut after a landmark mission. With blue skies over Kazakhstan, the Soyuz's journey from the International Space Station to the steppe marks a successful conclusion to an expedition of cosmic proportions.And don't miss our Science Report, where we delve into the impact of climate change on wine regions, the link between mood disorders and driving in young people, and the debate over a meteor impact ejecta potentially being alien technology.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com. Tune in to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen, and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ. Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by NordPass. Secure your digital life and keep the cosmic exploration going with the password manager you can trust. Visit www.bitesz.com/nordpass for a special offer.

Prepare to illuminate the shadowy frontiers of space in SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 47. We begin by shedding light on new findings that reveal brown dwarfs, those celestial enigmas straddling the line between the largest planets and the smallest stars, are far more star-like than we ever imagined. Born from the same intricate dance of gas and dust that gives rise to stars, these failed stars have a story more intertwined with their luminous kin than previously thought. Next, we peer into the future, where the clock is ticking down to an explosive cosmic event. Astronomers eagerly anticipate a nova eruption within a binary star system, set to dazzle the skies sometime before year's end. This stellar spectacle, a cyclical detonation on the surface of a white dwarf, promises to be a beacon in the night, echoing observations that date back over a century.We then voyage to the extreme starburst galaxy M82, a crucible of creation churning out new stars at a rate tenfold that of our own Milky Way. With the James Webb Space Telescope piercing through the cosmic dust, we get a front-row seat to the galactic winds and star-forming frenzy defining this compact powerhouse of a galaxy.And in the Science Report, we delve into the role of homosexual behavior in mammalian social bonding, the alarming rise in simultaneous heatwaves and sea level extremes on global coastlines, the potential psychological effects of teenage screen time, and the latest in home entertainment and security tech that's shaping our digital lives.For the full cosmic journey, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Discover the universe's wonders with us on SpaceTime.This week's episode is brought to you by NordPass. Navigate the digital universe with confidence using a password manager you can trust. Secure your cosmic exploration at www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 46: The Cosmic Dance of Neutron Stars and Black HolesJoin us on a thrilling journey through the cosmos in SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 46, where we delve into the mysteries of a possible neutron star-black hole merger detected in gravitational waves. The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration may have stumbled upon a cosmic ballet between the densest objects in the universe, offering tantalizing clues about the elusive mass gap and challenging our understanding of stellar evolution.Next, we explore the cannibalistic tendencies of stars as a new study reveals that stars often end up devouring their own planets. This celestial feast, found in roughly 8% of binary star systems examined, raises questions about the stability of planetary orbits and could reshape our knowledge of cosmic dynamics.And as North America was plunged into darkness by a total solar eclipse, scientists seized the opportunity to conduct groundbreaking research. From rockets piercing the upper atmosphere to jets chasing the eclipse at dizzying altitudes, we look at the scientific endeavors that took advantage of this spectacular celestial event.Plus, in the Science Report, we discuss the implications of "forever chemicals" in our water resources, the heart failure benefits of a diabetes drug, the discovery of Australia's oldest pottery, and the controversy surrounding a prestigious clinic's endorsement of Reiki.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com, where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron. Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ. Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by NordPass. Secure your digital life and keep the cosmic exploration going with the password manager you can trust. Visit www.bitesz.com/nordpass for a special offer.https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com  https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/ This week’s guests include: Fan Liu from Monash University Sungrazer project principal investigator Karl Battams from the U.S. Naval Research Lab Washington, D.C..   And our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian SkepticsEpisode Chapters(00:00) A possible neutron star black hole merger detected in gravitational waves(00:47) LIGO has detected what might be either the merger of two neutron stars(06:22) New study confirms that some stars may have swallowed planets or planetary material(13:58) NASA launched a fleet of rockets and jets to monitor last weeks solar eclipse(16:54) A new study warns that we're likely underestimating future impact of forever chemicals(19:19) Mayo Clinic slammed for allowing staff nurse to promote rank pseudoscience(22:50) Spacetime is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting services

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 45 *Perseverance collects its 24th sample on Mars NASA’s Mars Perseverance Rover has just collected its 24 geological sample from the surface of the red planet.  The drill core offers new clues about Jezero Crater and the lake it may have once held. *New date set for Starliner's first manned mission NASA has set May 6 as the opening of the launch window for the first manned flight of Boeing’s long troubled CST-100 Starliner.  The flight to the International Space Station was originally slated for this month. *Space junk slams into a Florida home NASA says it’s analyzing an object that crashed into a Florida man's home last week which is suspected of being piece of debris jettisoned from the International Space Station. *The Science Report New research shows that the warming climate will turn Australia’s soil into a net emitter of carbon dioxide. A new study claims women with a low resting heart rate had a slightly higher chance of a criminal lifestyle. Identifying criminals by airborne forensic DNA evidence. Skeptics guide to African witchcraft trials   https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com  https://bitesz.com   This week’s guests include our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian SkepticsThis episode is brought to you by NordPass....the password manager we use ad quite frankly couldn't get by online without. You should really check it out. And we havea  great deal for you at the moment...plus a free trial...for all the details visit www.bitesz.com/nordpassBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

The Space, Astronomy and Science Podcast. SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 44 *New Clues About Mars’ Ancient Water NASA’s Mars Curiosity rover has arrived at an area in Gale Crater’s Mount Sharp that may show evidence liquid water flowed on the red planet for much longer than previously thought. *NASAs new Moon buggies NASA has selected three companies to help it develop its proposed new Moon buggy --- the lunar terrain vehicle or LTV. *The largest digital camera ever built for astronomy After two decades of work, scientists and engineers at the US Department of Energy's Stanford Linear Accelerator Centre’s National Accelerator Laboratory have finally completed the Legacy Survey of Space and Time Camera -- The largest digital camera ever built for astronomy. *The Science Report A new study shows that high blood pressure is the leading risk factor for death. The Persian Plateau identified as pivotal for Homo sapiens migration out of Africa. Volcanoes could hold the clues to how the first building blocks of life were formed. Alex on Tech more controversy for Google https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com  https://bitesz.com Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link:  https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQThis episode is brought to you by NordPass...your password manager that will relieve password stress in your life. Get organised for not very much money...visit www.bitesz.com/nordpass and check out our very special deal.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 43*The Milky Way's Faintest Star System UnveiledAstronomers have unveiled the faintest star system known to orbit our Milky Way galaxy, Ursa Major III Unions I. This ancient and elusive star system, reported in the Astrophysical Journal, may be one of the most dark matter-dominated systems discovered, lying just 30,000 light-years away. With only about 60 stars and a mass just 16 times that of the Sun, it challenges our understanding of galaxy formation and the role of dark matter in the cosmos.*Queensland's Bowen Orbital Spaceport Launches into ActionAustralia's space industry takes a giant leap with the official opening of the Bowen Orbital Spaceport in Queensland. Set to host its inaugural launch with Gilmore Space's Ares rocket, the spaceport marks a significant milestone in the nation's commercial space endeavors. Ares, a hybrid propulsion rocket, aims to deliver payloads into low Earth orbit, signifying Australia's re-emergence as a space-launching nation.*Southern Launch Prepares for Next Milestone in South AustraliaOver in South Australia, Southern Launch is gearing up for its next test flight at the Koonibba Test Range. The upcoming mission will test groundbreaking hybrid propulsion technology using paraffin wax and liquid oxygen, which could revolutionize rocket handling. This test serves as a precursor to developing the larger SL-1 orbital launcher, highlighting the range's unique capability for both suborbital experiments and orbital launches.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron. Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ. Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support. For more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com.This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by the password manager you can trust, NordPass. Take the hassle out of online security and help support SpaceTime by visiting www.nordpass.com/stuart for a special offer. Secure your digital life and keep the cosmic exploration going!This episode is brought t you by NordPass...your digital salvation. Check out the details and get our very special deal at www.bitesz.com/nordpass

This episode is brought to you by NordPass...the password manager (and more) that you need in your life for not very much money. To get the deal, visit www.nordpass.com/stuartThe Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 42*Water's Persistent Presence in Mars' Gale CraterMars' Gale Crater may have harbored water far longer than scientists previously believed, challenging our timeline of the Red Planet's arid transformation. New evidence from NASA's Curiosity rover, detailed in the journal Geology, suggests that underground water may have been present in the crater during the latter part of the Hesperian period, 3.7 to 3 billion years ago. This discovery, marked by deformed desert sandstone, hints at a more habitable past and could reshape our search for ancient Martian life.*The Sun's Spectacular Double Solar FlareThe Sun has unleashed its most powerful eruption since 2017 with a double solar flare event, signaling a ramp-up towards solar maximum. The X1.1-class flare, coupled with a series of M-class flares, has sparked vivid auroral displays and heightened space weather activity. This dynamic solar performance, captured by ESA's SMOS and Swarm satellites, underscores the Sun's influence on Earth's magnetosphere and the importance of real-time space weather monitoring.*The SR-71 Blackbird's Alleged Successor: The SR-72Rumors persist of the Pentagon's development of a hypersonic aircraft, the SR-72, potentially succeeding the legendary SR-71 Blackbird. Reports suggest that Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works is behind this classified project, which could reach Mach 6 speeds and revolutionize reconnaissance with its unmanned design. If true, this aircraft could redefine the boundaries of aviation and surveillance technology.*April Night Skies: Alpha Centauri to the Lyrids Meteor ShowerAs autumn's grip tightens, the night skies of April offer a celestial tapestry rich with wonders. From the Southern Cross standing upright to the nearest star system, Alpha Centauri, being prominently on display, stargazers have much to explore. The annual Lyrids meteor shower promises a dazzling show, peaking on April 22-23, while the planets Jupiter, Mars, Saturn, and Venus grace the morning and evening skies with their presence.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron. Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ. Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support. For more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com.

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 41*The Scandinavian Connection: Born from Greenland's Ancient CrustIn a groundbreaking geological study, scientists have traced the oldest Scandinavian bedrock back to its origins in Greenland, revealing a continental connection dating back 3.75 billion years. Published in the journal Geology, this research uncovers a hidden chapter of Earth's crust beneath Denmark and Scandinavia, suggesting a tectonic detachment from Greenland that predates previous estimates by a quarter of a billion years. The discovery, locked within zircon minerals, not only reshapes our understanding of continental drift but also underscores Earth's uniqueness in the solar system as a cradle for life.*Blue Origin's Orbital Reef: A Leap Towards Commercial Space HabitatsBlue Origin, in collaboration with Sierra Space, has achieved a significant milestone in the development of the Orbital Reef commercial space station. Under NASA's watchful eye, the project has successfully tested key life support systems essential for sustaining human presence in orbit. With a potential operational date as early as 2027, Orbital Reef aims to provide a voluminous habitat for ten occupants, marking a new era in space exploration and research as the International Space Station approaches retirement.*Space's Role in Climate Change Monitoring IntensifiesThe World Meteorological Organization's latest report delivers a stark reality check, with 2023 witnessing unprecedented levels of greenhouse gases, rising seas, and melting ice. In response, the fleet of Copernicus Sentinel satellites operated by the European Union plays an increasingly vital role in monitoring our changing planet. These eyes in the sky offer critical data, from sea ice dynamics to deforestation, aiding policymakers in crafting strategies to combat the escalating climate crisis.*Dragon's Bounty: A Resupply Mission Brimming with Scientific PromiseSpaceX's CRS-30 mission, aboard the upgraded Dragon spacecraft, has successfully docked with the International Space Station, delivering over 2.7 tonnes of vital supplies and novel experiments. This cache of scientific endeavors includes a joint CSIRO-Boeing 3D mapping project, the Burst Cube satellite for studying cosmic gamma-ray bursts, and the GEARS initiative for identifying antibiotic-resistant microbes in space. With over 250 experiments in progress, the orbiting laboratory continues to be a beacon of discovery and innovation.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron. Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ. Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support. For more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com.This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by NordPass...the password manager we all need in our lives. And with our special offer, it won't even cost very much money. Grab the deal at www.nordpass.com/stuart ...Remove a lot of angst from your life and help support SpaceTime....#spacetime #podcast #space #astronomy

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 40*Magnetic Mysteries at the Milky Way's HeartThe Event Horizon Telescope has revealed organized magnetic fields swirling at the periphery of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the Milky Way's core. In a groundbreaking observation, astronomers have captured these fields in polarized light, finding remarkable similarities to the black hole in galaxy M87. This discovery suggests that strong magnetic fields could be a universal trait among black holes, influencing how they interact with their surrounding matter. The study's implications stretch far beyond the iconic Sagittarius A*, offering a glimpse into the enigmatic behavior of black holes and their powerful ejections into space.*The Birth of Blue Supergiants Through Stellar MergersBlue supergiants, some of the universe's most luminous and massive stars, have long puzzled astronomers due to their abundance and solitary nature. A new study posits that these cosmic behemoths, often found alone, could be the result of binary star systems merging. This revelation, derived from simulations and observations in the Large Magellanic Cloud, challenges previous theories and suggests that stellar mergers play a pivotal role in the life cycle of galaxies and their stellar populations.*Webb Telescope Unveils the Star-Forming Tendrils of NGC 604NASA's James Webb Space Telescope peeks into NGC 604, a vibrant nursery of star formation within the Triangulum Galaxy, M33. Webb's infrared gaze has uncovered the intricate dance of star birth, highlighting massive blue stars and intricate gas filaments. This detailed view of NGC 604, a region teeming with over 200 massive stars, offers astronomers a rare opportunity to study these celestial giants at a critical stage in their evolution, providing new insights into the complex processes that shape galaxies.*New Crew Arrives at the International Space StationThe Soyuz MS-25 mission has successfully delivered a trio of spacefarers to the International Space Station after an initial launch delay. The mission continues the tradition of international partnership in space, as the ISS remains one of the few collaborative ventures between Russia and the West amidst geopolitical tensions.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron. Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ. Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support. For more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com.https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com  https://bitesz.com   This week’s guests include: WEBB senior Project Scientist Jane Rigby   Josef Aschbacher, Director of ESA Earth Observation Programs   Michael Rast, ESA’s Earth Observation Senior Advisor.   And our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics Jonathan Nally from Sky and Telescope Magazine  🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordPass deal here ➼ https://www.nordpass.com/stuart or use the checkout code STUARTGARY. The discount is incredible! And it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌  Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link:  https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 39*Unveiling the Einasto Supercluster: A Cosmic BehemothAstronomers have unveiled one of the most massive superclusters ever observed, a colossal structure named the Einasto Supercluster. Comprising thousands of galaxies and a mass of 20 followed by 15 zeros in stars, this supercluster is a testament to the pioneering work of Jan Oort, whose 95th birthday coincides with the discovery. The Einasto Supercluster, stretching 360 million light-years across, provides new insights into the large-scale structure of the universe, challenging our understanding of galactic evolution and the gravitational forces at play in these vast cosmic metropolises.*Humans Alter Asteroid's Path and ShapeIn a groundbreaking mission, humans have altered the shape and orbit of an asteroid. NASA's DART spacecraft collided with the asteroid moon Dimorphos, not only knocking it off course but also reshaping its entire structure. This kinetic impact demonstration confirms our capability to deflect potentially hazardous asteroids and marks a significant milestone in planetary defense strategies. The aftermath of the collision has been meticulously analyzed, revealing a reshaped Dimorphos with a shorter orbital period and a new, elongated form.*Hubble's New Glimpse into Jupiter's Stormy AtmosphereThe Hubble Space Telescope has captured stunning new images of Jupiter, offering a fresh perspective on the gas giant's turbulent weather systems. The iconic Great Red Spot, a storm large enough to engulf Earth, is showcased alongside other atmospheric phenomena. Despite its gradual shrinkage and color changes, the Great Red Spot still rages with high-speed winds, interacting with smaller vortices that may be influencing its longevity. Hubble's detailed observations continue to unravel the mysteries of Jupiter's dynamic climate and the forces shaping its grand tempests.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron. Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ. Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support. For more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com.

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 38*Witnessing the Final Stages of Planetary FormationFor the first time, astronomers have captured the end of the planetary formation process, observing the dispersal of gas from a young star's circumstellar disk. The James Webb Space Telescope has provided unprecedented images of the Tchar star system, where a vast gap in its disk suggests we're witnessing the final act in its planetary evolution. The study sheds light on the fate of gas giants and terrestrial planets, revealing the delicate dance of creation that shapes nascent solar systems.*The Devil's Comet: A Green Spectacle in the SkyComet 12P/Pons-Brooks, with its distinctive green hue and horned appearance, is making its first visit to the inner solar system in over 70 years. This Mount Everest-sized icy wanderer could grace our skies with its naked-eye visibility as it reaches perihelion this April. Nicknamed the 'Devil's Comet', its cryovolcanic nature promises a celestial show that won't return until 2095.*The Dust that Doomed DinosaursA new study proposes that fine dust particles from the Chicxulub asteroid impact contributed significantly to the mass extinction event that ended the reign of the non-avian dinosaurs. By blocking photosynthesis and plunging the Earth into a cold, dark winter, this fine dust may have been the final nail in the coffin for many species, reshaping life on our planet forever.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQSupport the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportFor more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 37*Betelgeuse's Surprising Spin: A Red Supergiant's SecretsAstronomers have been intrigued by the rapid rotation of the red supergiant star Betelgeuse, but new insights suggest its seemingly swift spin could be an illusion caused by its boiling surface. The star's dimming, once thought to herald an imminent supernova, turned out to be dust obscuring our view. Located in Orion, Betelgeuse's tumultuous surface, with convective bubbles the size of Earth's orbit, challenges our understanding of stellar dynamics.*The Moon's Cratered Past: A History Written in ImpactsNew research indicates the Moon endured more asteroid and comet bombardments than previously thought, potentially reshaping our knowledge of its geological history. This study reveals that early impacts may have left subtle marks, eluding detection due to a still-cooling lunar surface. As the Moon's magma ocean solidified, these ancient impacts could tell a tale of a dynamic early solar system.*Rocket Lab's Historic NRO Mission from American SoilRocket Lab's Electron rocket has launched its first mission for the National Reconnaissance Office from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. The classified NRO-123 mission marks a new chapter for the company, expanding its launch capabilities beyond New Zealand's shores and continuing its streak of delivering payloads to orbit with precision.*Climate Change Breaks New RecordsThe World Meteorological Organization reports unprecedented levels of greenhouse gases, warming temperatures, and rising seas, signaling an escalating climate crisis. Despite this, renewable energy sees a significant uptick, offering a beacon of hope amidst the environmental challenges.*The Rise of Alternative Spirituality Among WomenAn increasing number of women are exploring non-traditional spiritual practices, from witchcraft and the occult to tarot and psychic readings. This trend reflects a search for meaning and certainty in uncertain times, with the psychic industry booming as a result.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQSupport the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportFor more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 36*The Precise Mass of Neutron Stars UnveiledAstronomers have pinpointed the exact upper mass limit for non-rotating neutron stars, providing a critical piece to the puzzle of black hole evolution. The study, detailed in Physical Review D, reveals that the heaviest non-rotating neutron stars weigh about 2.25 solar masses. This breakthrough in nuclear physics and astrophysics could refine our understanding of the stellar life cycle and the transition from neutron stars to black holes.*Japan's Aspirations for Private Spaceflight Go Up in SmokeJapan's first privately operated space launch provider, Space One, faced a fiery setback as its new solid-fuel rocket exploded seconds after liftoff. The ill-fated Karaos rocket, carrying a government test satellite, disintegrated over the Wakayama region, underscoring the harsh realities of space exploration. The incident highlights the challenges faced by emerging private space companies in the competitive launch market.*NASA's PACE Satellite Embarks on a Climate OdysseyNASA's PACE satellite has successfully launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket to begin its mission of monitoring Earth's changing oceans and atmosphere. The $948 million mission will utilize hyperspectral imaging to study the planet's plankton, aerosols, clouds, and ocean ecosystems with unprecedented detail. PACE aims to enhance weather predictions, track climate change, and uncover the intricate balance of our global environment.*Dark Matter Data Retrieved from the StratosphereNASA's mission to map dark matter around galaxy clusters has been salvaged thanks to an innovative data recovery system from the University of Sydney. Despite a rough landing in Argentina that damaged the balloon-based telescope, the system successfully retrieved over 200GB of valuable data. This mission underscores the innovative approaches to overcoming the challenges of high-altitude astronomical research.Plus, we delve into the story of how climate change is affecting polar bears, the decline in humpback whale populations, and the origins of chocolate as revealed by ancient vessels. And we explore the curious case of the "alien mummies" that turned out to be quite earthly in origin.For more SpaceTime and show links, visit https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and access our universal listen link at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen. Don't forget to support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support and follow us for more space and astronomy updates at our HQ at https://bitesz.com.

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 36*Mars Unveils a Colossal Volcanic SecretAstronomers have discovered a massive ancient volcano on Mars, hidden beneath an ice sheet in the planet's Tharsus volcanic province. This behemoth, which has eluded detection by orbiting spacecraft since 1971, could offer new insights into the Red Planet's geologic past and potential for life. The structure, tentatively named Noctus Volcano, stands over 29,600 feet tall and spans about 280 miles across. Its discovery near the labyrinthine Noctus Labyrinthus and the colossal Valles Marineris suggests a long history of volcanic activity and hints at the presence of glacial ice beneath its surface.*Europe's New Radar Mission to Monitor Climate ChangeThe European Space Agency is gearing up for ROSAL, a cutting-edge Earth observation mission set to scrutinize the planet's oceans, land, and ice. With the largest deployable planar antenna array ever built, ROSAL will complement existing Copernicus Sentinel missions by using L-band radar to penetrate vegetation and ice, providing invaluable data for climate change research, agriculture, and geohazard monitoring.*International Space Station's Revolving DoorIt's been a bustling period aboard the ISS with multiple crew rotations. Axiom Space's third private mission has concluded, paving the way for their fourth venture and future space station modules. The arrival of NASA's SpaceX Crew-8 promises six months of groundbreaking experiments, including 3D organoid growth to study diseases. Meanwhile, SpaceX Crew-7's departure marks the end of a mission filled with over 250 experiments, ranging from immune cell behavior in microgravity to artificial retina production.*AI Robot Chemist Could Pave the Way for Martian Oxygen ProductionScientists have developed an AI-powered robot chemist capable of extracting oxygen from Martian meteorites. This breakthrough suggests that future Mars missions might sustain human life and fuel rockets using the Red Planet's own resources. The AI robot's ability to identify and react chemicals to produce oxygen could revolutionize space exploration logistics and support long-term colonization efforts.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQSupport the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportFor more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com📋 Episode Chapters(00:00) Could a robotic chemist create oxygen from resources already on Mars(00:27) Giant ancient volcano and glacial ICE sheet discovered on Mars(07:13) European Space Agency planning new Earth observation mission to monitor climate change(16:23) Roselle is an operational mission that acquires data all the time(18:02) SpaceX launched a Dragon capsule bound for the International Space Station last month(20:48) Could robotic chemist create oxygen out of resources already available on Mars(22:55) High temperatures over 33 degrees Celsius increase risk of stroke, study finds(25:28) American politicians want to ban TikTok over concerns about propaganda on social media(27:34) Metta have decided they will not pay for news content on Facebook(28:50) Microsoft are about to make some big announcements with new releases

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 34*SpaceX's Starship Tests the Limits of SpaceflightIn a breathtaking display of rocketry, SpaceX's Starship edges closer to the stars, nearly perfecting its third flight test. The behemoth of engineering, the Starship Super Heavy, roared through the Texan skies, reaching for orbital velocity. Despite a few hiccups, including the loss of both the Starship and its Super Heavy booster, the test marked significant progress towards SpaceX's ambitious goals for space colonization.*Voyager 1: The Silent Pioneer's Uncertain FutureVoyager 1, humanity's farthest-flung emissary, is now sending back puzzling signals from interstellar space. After over four decades of travel, the spacecraft's communication has become erratic, leaving scientists at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory scrambling to decode the mystery. Could this be the twilight of the mission that has reshaped our understanding of the solar system?*A New Window into the High-Energy CosmosThe EROSITA telescope, despite geopolitical tensions, has beamed back a treasure trove of X-ray data, revealing the energetic intricacies of the universe like never before. Australian scientists leverage this data to unveil the violent dance of a star shredded by a black hole and the haunting remnants of a supernova. These cosmic cataclysms, observed in unprecedented detail, offer clues to the violent processes shaping galaxies and the fate of stars.*Rocket Lab's Back-to-Back Launch SuccessHot on the heels of a groundbreaking space debris removal satellite launch, Rocket Lab continues its winning streak with the 45th Electron rocket launch. The mission expands an Earth observation constellation, proving the company's rapid launch capabilities. With eyes now set on their first launch from American soil, Rocket Lab is poised to make space access even more routine.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQSupport the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportFor more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com(00:00) SpaceX's Starship aces most of its third test flight(07:40) Voyager 1's mission may be nearing its end(13:58) Astronomers get a clearer picture of the high-energy X-ray sky(19:49) Rocket Lab successfully launches 45th Electron rocket(23:04) The science report: The link between outer suburban living and childhood asthma(26:53) Hydroxychloroquine linked to nearly 17,000 deaths during the pandemic

For your special NORDVPN discount and risk free 30 Day Money back guarantee, visit www.nordvpn.com/stuartgary and use the code STUARTGARY at checkout. Get your online privacy under control with the best in the business.The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 33*The Black Hole that Ripped Apart a StarIn a cosmic display of destruction, astronomers have witnessed the closest recorded incident of a star being devoured by a supermassive black hole. The event, spotted in galaxy NGC 3799, was observed in visible light, offering unprecedented insights into these violent phenomena. The tidal disruption event, now cataloged as Assassin 23 BD, emitted less energy and faded more rapidly than typical cases, placing it in a unique classification and suggesting such occurrences may be more common than once thought.*Hunting New Physics in Neutron Star WrecksThe cataclysmic mergers of neutron stars could be hiding secrets of new physics, with potential clues about the enigmatic dark matter. The historic GW170817 collision, which sent ripples through space-time, has now been used to constrain theories on axion-like particles. These elusive entities could be part of the dark matter puzzle, and their traces might be detectable in future neutron star mergers, offering a new window into the fundamental workings of the universe.*Guardian Gas Giants and Their Terrestrial ChargesA new study suggests that Earth-like planets often come with Jupiter-like protectors. Simulations of planetary systems show that "dry" super-Earths and distant "cold" Jupiters frequently coexist, with the gas giants acting as cosmic shields. This relationship hints at a formation pattern where massive protoplanetary disks give rise to both rocky worlds and their gaseous sentinels, providing a glimpse into the architecture of alien solar systems.*China's Moonwalk Ambitions by 2030China has set its sights on the Moon, with plans to land taikonauts on the lunar surface before the end of the decade. The ambitious project involves the development of the Long March 10 rocket, a new spacecraft, and a lunar lander. In a two-launch scenario, the vehicles will rendezvous in lunar orbit, setting the stage for China's historic manned moon landing and furthering their collaboration with Russia on a lunar base.Plus, we examine the latest space news, delve into the science of extreme heat and preterm births, and explore the mystery of microplastics in human arteries.For more SpaceTime and to support the show, visit our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com where you can access our universal listen link, find show notes, and learn how to become a patron.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQSupport the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportFor more space and astronomy podcasts, visit our HQ at https://bitesz.com

This episode is brought to you with the support of Incogni....the data protection service. To claim your special offfer benefit as a SpaceTime listener visit www.icogni.com/stuartgary or use the coupon code STUARTGARY at checkout. 60% off and a 30-day money back guarantee.The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 32*Juno's Icy Encounter: Oxygen Production on EuropaNASA's Juno spacecraft has made a groundbreaking discovery, directly measuring charged oxygen and hydrogen molecules on Jupiter's icy moon Europa. With findings reported in Nature Astronomy, this revelation provides critical insights into the moon's global subsurface ocean's potential habitability. Juno's flyby uncovers the atmospheric composition of Europa, offering a new understanding of its surface ice and the intriguing possibility that oxygen may fuel life deep within the moon's ocean.*White Dwarf Stars Defying the Cooling ProcessAstronomers are left baffled by a population of white dwarf stars that have mysteriously ceased cooling, a finding that upends long-standing theories about stellar evolution. The discovery, reported in the journal Nature, suggests that some white dwarfs might be generating extra energy, challenging the way scientists determine the age of these ancient celestial remnants and the history of our galaxy.*Unlocking Neptune's Past with Icy AsteroidsThe Kuiper Belt's icy rocks may hold the key to Neptune's formation. A study of the binary asteroid system Moore's Somnus, detailed in Astronomy and Astrophysics, suggests that the ice giants' tumultuous past and the solar system's evolution are etched in these frozen bodies. The research, aided by the James Webb Space Telescope, provides a glimpse into the chemistry and physics that shaped the outer reaches of our planetary neighborhood.*Japan's Lunar Lander: A Survivor of the Lunar NightJAXA's lunar lander, Slim, has unexpectedly survived the frigid lunar night and phoned home. Initially landing on its side, the probe managed to conduct scientific observations during a brief solar recharge. As Slim enters sleep mode once more, mission managers anticipate another attempt at revival with the next lunar dawn, marking Japan's advancement in lunar exploration.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more SpaceTime and show links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more space and astronomy podcasts visit our HQ at https://bitesz.comSupport the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportShow notes created by https://headliner.app---📋 Episode Chapters(00:00) NASA's Juno spacecraft measures oxygen production on icy moon Europa(03:35) Scientists have discovered a population of white dwarf stars that have mysteriously stopped cooling(07:47) A ring of icy rocks orbiting the sun just beyond Neptune may give astronomers clues(16:53) Scientists say a mass bleaching event is currently unfolding on the Great Barrier Reef(19:49) Apple have just released their latest iOS updates for iPhone and iPads(20:53) Apple launches two new MacBook Air models with faster processors for artificial intelligence(23:02) Spacetime is available every Monday Wednesday and Friday through various podcasting platforms

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 31*The Enigma of the Universe's Oldest Dead GalaxyIn a universe brimming with stellar birth, astronomers have stumbled upon a galaxy that ceased forming stars over 13 billion years ago. This ancient cosmic graveyard, captured by the Webb Space Telescope, is challenging our understanding of galactic life cycles. The galaxy, which experienced a rapid starburst before falling eerily silent, offers a tantalizing glimpse into the early universe's dynamics. Join us as we unravel the mystery of this prematurely quenched galaxy and its implications for cosmic evolution.*SpaceX's Starship: Gearing Up for the Next Giant LeapSpaceX has eyes set on March 14 for the next monumental test flight of its colossal Starship Super Heavy rocket. With the goal of reaching orbital heights and splashing down in the Indian Ocean, this mission is critical for the future of space exploration. The success of Starship is not only pivotal for NASA's Artemis moon missions but also for Elon Musk's vision of interplanetary travel. Tune in as we dissect the challenges and aspirations of this groundbreaking space endeavor.*Optimus: Australia's Trailblazing Satellite Servicer Takes FlightThe Australian-based Space Machines Company celebrates a milestone as their Optimus satellite servicing vehicle successfully orbits Earth. This pioneering mission introduces a new chapter in space operations, offering life extension services and on-orbit assistance. Discover how Optimus is setting the stage for a more sustainable and efficient presence in the final frontier.*2024: A Stellar Year for SkywatchersFrom a total solar eclipse to a parade of supermoons, 2024 is shaping up to be an astronomer's delight. With a penumbral lunar eclipse and the potential brilliance of a new comet on the horizon, the cosmos is putting on a show. We'll discuss the celestial events that have astronomers and enthusiasts alike marking their calendars.For more SpaceTime and show links, visit https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com and access our universal listen link at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen. Join us on our journey through the stars and support the show at https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us for more space and astronomy podcasts at our HQ at https://bitesz.com.(00:00) This is spacetime series 27, episode 31, for broadcast on 11 March 2024(00:50) Astronomers find galaxy that suddenly stopped forming new stars 13 billion years ago(11:45) Next month's total solar eclipse will not be a full lunar eclipse(14:58) As a professional astronomer and astrophysicist, what does the night sky evoke(17:40) Professor Richard degrasse's research focuses on distant star clusters(20:31) World Meteorological Organisation says current El Nino event is one of strongest(21:41) Combination of two antibodies shows promising results against solid tumours(23:04) A new story making the rounds claims a painting is haunted

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 30*Unveiling the Mysteries of Dark Matter with Hypothetical Axion StarsCould the enigmatic axion star hold the key to understanding dark matter? Join us as we delve into the realm of theoretical physics, where scientists are using the expected properties of these never-before-seen stars to potentially pinpoint the elusive components of dark matter. First proposed in 1977, axions are lightweight candidates for dark matter, and their discovery could illuminate both dark energy and the darkest secrets of the cosmos.*Mars: A Barren Aquifer and the Quest for Ancient GroundwaterMars' past as a wet world is etched into its surface, but a new study reveals that ancient Martian aquifers may have been surprisingly dry. Despite evidence of past water flow, researchers suggest that the red planet's southern highlands experienced minimal groundwater recharge. The implications? A vastly different water cycle from Earth's, challenging our search for life and resources on our neighboring world.*The Cosmic Kitchen: Frying Food in Zero-GEver wondered if you could whip up a batch of crispy fries in space? We explore the physics of frying food in microgravity, where bubbles don't rise and steam behaves unexpectedly. Discover how scientists are reimagining cooking techniques for the final frontier, ensuring astronauts won't have to give up their comfort foods on long-duration missions.*March Skywatch: Equinoxes, Constellations, and Celebrating Pi DayMarch heralds the equinox, bringing nearly equal day and night, and setting the celestial stage for stargazing. We'll guide you through constellations like Taurus, Leo, and the river Eridanus, and remind you to mark your calendars for Pi Day. Plus, don't miss the planetary dance before dawn, as Mars, Venus, and Saturn put on a celestial show.For more SpaceTime visit https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com (https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com) or the HQ at https://bitesz.com (https://bitesz.com) for more space and astronomy podcasts.Support the show: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/supportListen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ

This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by Incogni...the new privacy and data protection specialists who work tirelessly for you. To get your special SpaceTime bonus visit www.incogni.com/stuartgary The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 30*Discovery of a Short-Period Brown Dwarf Raises New QuestionsAstronomers have detected a new short-period brown dwarf, NGTS-28 AB, orbiting a red dwarf star 402 light-years away. This brown dwarf completes an orbit in a mere 30 hours, challenging our understanding of stellar evolution and the fine line between massive planets and the smallest stars. Join us as we delve into the significance of this discovery and what it reveals about the mysterious inhabitants of the galaxy's dark corners.*North America Prepares for a Total Solar Eclipse SpectacleNorth America is set to be plunged into darkness with a total solar eclipse on April 8. As the moon's shadow races across the continent, NASA is seizing the opportunity to study how eclipses affect ecosystems through a citizen science project. We'll explore the anticipation building up to this celestial event and the scientific endeavors that will accompany it.*Testing the Future of Space Optics: Meta Optical Elements Under ScrutinyThe European Space Agency embarks on a groundbreaking study to test the resilience of meta optical elements in space. These ultra-thin components could revolutionize space technology by reducing payload weight and paving the way for miniaturized systems. Find out how this study could lead to a new era of space exploration.Plus, we'll touch on the impact of AI on human perception, the discovery of Europe's oldest man-made megastructure, and the latest in space and science news. Prepare for a journey that spans from the depths of space to the frontiers of technology.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more SpaceTime and show links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more space and astronomy podcasts visit our HQ at https://bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.The Space, Astronomy and Science Podcast. SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 28 *Odysseus lunar lander placed into sleep mode Intuitive Machines will place their Odysseus Nova-C lunar lander into sleep mode in the hope of waiting out the 15 Earth Day long lunar night following its sideways touch down last week near the Lunar south pole. *The Atlantic Ocean could start to disappear in 20 million years. A new study suggests the Atlantic may ‘soon’ enter its declining phase. The findings reported in the journal Geology are based on new computational models which predict that a subduction zone currently below the Strait of Gibraltar will propagate further inside the Atlantic Ocean and contribute to forming an Atlantic subduction system – an Atlantic ring of fire. *Three new moons discovered around Uranus and Neptune Astronomers have discovered three tiny new moons orbiting the ice giants Uranus and Neptune. *The Science Report A new study claims zinc could help some people with cystic fibrosis. An investigation has solved the 120 year old maritime mystery of the SS Nemesis. A new study has failed to find any clear link between the weather and back, knee or hip pain. Skeptics guide to the truth behind the Amityville Horror https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com https://bitesz.com This week’s guests includes: Navigation Doppler Lidar chief engineer Glen Hines from NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia Eclipse Soundscapes Project chief scientist Henry Winter Eclipse Soundscapes Project co-lead Marykay Severino Eclipse Soundscapes Project acoustic ecologist William Oestreich Natural resource manager Chance Holllzheuser from the Hot Springs National Park. And our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics Jonathan Nally from Sky and Telescope Magazine 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ https://nordvpn.com/stuartgary or use the checkout code STUARTGARY. It’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ Additionally, listeners can support the podcast and gain access to bonus content by becoming a SpaceTime crew member through www.bitesz.supercast.com or through premium versions on Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Details on our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 27*Hints of an Extended Kuiper Belt: New Horizons' Dusty DiscoveriesNASA's intrepid New Horizons spacecraft, now journeying through the outer reaches of the Kuiper Belt, has detected unexpectedly high levels of cosmic dust. This discovery suggests that the Kuiper Belt, a frigid expanse beyond Neptune, may stretch much farther into space than previously believed. Could this mean the existence of a second belt, or an extension of the one we know? Join us as we unravel the implications of these findings for our understanding of the solar system's distant frontier.*Cygnus Star Forming Region's Gamma Ray Bubble: A Cosmic Particle Accelerator UnveiledAstronomers have spotted a massive ultra-high-energy gamma-ray bubble in the Cygnus star forming region, marking the first time such an origin for cosmic rays has been pinpointed. Using the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), scientists have detected photons with energies surpassing a petaelectronvolt, suggesting a powerful cosmic ray accelerator at work within the bubble. Dive into the heart of Cygnus with us and explore the mysteries of cosmic ray origins.*Space Travel's Toll on the Immune SystemA study published in Frontiers in Immunology raises concerns about the impact of space travel on human health, revealing that the immune systems of astronauts could be compromised. With space exploration on the rise, understanding these changes is crucial for the future of long-duration missions. We'll discuss the study's findings and what they mean for the safety of those venturing beyond Earth's gravity.*NASA's Laser Precision: Tracking Lunar Landers with RetroreflectorsNASA's new laser retroreflector arrays are set to revolutionize lunar navigation. These small, lightweight devices will provide pinpoint accuracy in locating landers and other spacecraft on the Moon's surface. Learn how this technology could facilitate landings in the Moon's darkest regions and aid future exploration.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more SpaceTime and show links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more space and astronomy podcasts visit our HQ at https://bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 26*The Brightest and Fastest Growing Black Hole Quasar Ever SeenAstronomers have uncovered a cosmic colossus: the most luminous quasar known, powered by a black hole 17 billion times the mass of the Sun and growing at a staggering rate. The quasar J0529-4351, situated over 12 billion light-years away, is a beacon from the early universe, challenging our understanding of black hole formation and growth.*Supernova 1987A's Hidden Heart: The Neutron Star WithinNASA's Webb Space Telescope has pierced through the dusty veil of Supernova 1987A, revealing emissions indicative of a neutron star's presence. This discovery resolves a long-standing debate and provides a glimpse into the violent stellar processes that forge these dense remnants.*Surviving the Cosmic Rays: Earth's First Life and the Shield of ManganeseHow did life's early building blocks endure Earth's intense radiation? New research suggests that cell-like structures with manganese-based antioxidants could have been life's ancient protectors, enabling the survival and evolution of the first organisms in a gamma-ray-blasted world.*Leap Year Explained: Why February Gains an Extra DayAs February 29 approaches, we demystify the leap year phenomenon. Learn how this calendrical correction ensures our timekeeping stays in harmony with Earth's orbit, and discover the historical and astronomical significance behind the extra day in February.Join us on SpaceTime as we delve into the depths of black holes, witness the aftermath of stellar explosions, and explore the primordial resilience of life on our planet. Tune in for a journey through the cosmos and the intricacies of our celestial calendar.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more SpaceTime and show links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more space and astronomy podcasts visit our HQ at https://bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

The Space, Astronomy & Science Podcast.SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 26*Odysseus' Bumpy Lunar Landing: A Historic Moment with HiccupsIn a mix of triumph and tribulation, the Nova-C Odysseus lander by Intuitive Machines has made a historic touchdown at the Moon's south pole, marking the first lunar landing by a commercially manufactured vehicle. Despite veering off course and experiencing a rough landing that left it on its side, Odysseus' journey represents a significant milestone in private lunar exploration and America's return to the Moon's surface after 52 years.*ERS-2 Satellite's Fiery Farewell: A Controlled Demise Over the PacificESA's ERS-2 satellite, an Earth-monitoring sentinel that outlived its mission by decades, has made a final descent into the North Pacific Ocean. The satellite's uncontrolled re-entry was a carefully managed end, ensuring the two-and-a-half-ton spacecraft reduced the risk of space junk and safely disintegrated in the atmosphere.*Blue Origin's New Glenn Makes Its Debut: A Glimpse of the Future of Heavy Lift RocketsBlue Origin's towering New Glenn rocket has graced the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, signaling a new era in spaceflight. Designed to carry heavy payloads into orbit and support a range of missions, New Glenn's debut is a testament to the evolving landscape of space travel, with reusability and versatility at its core.Join us on SpaceTime as we dissect the details of these momentous events, from the lunar surface to the edge of Earth's atmosphere, and the launch pads that propel our ambitions skyward.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more SpaceTime and show links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQFor more space and astronomy podcasts visit our HQ at https://bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast for as little as $US2.00 per month: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.